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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ZOO INDONESIA JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Zoo Indonesia Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
I Wayan Winasa
Department Of Plant Protection, Faculty Of Agriculture, IPB University, Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, 16680
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Other

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Distribution of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) strains and their association with different landscape structures in Bali, Indonesia Monica, Dheya Cintya; Kusumah , Yayi Munara; Winasa , I Wayan Winasa
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.12614-22

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as the Fall Armyworm (FAW), is an invasive pest originating from the Americas that poses a serious threat to maize production in Bali, with potential crop losses reaching up to 50%. To monitor its genetic distribution, this study employed molecular identification using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) and triosephosphate isomerase (Tpi) gene markers. The research aimed to identify FAW strains present in Bali and to assess their distribution across different landscape structures. The study consisted of four main stages: (1) sample and coordinate collection, (2) DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing, (3) molecular data analysis, and (4) spatial analysis using QGIS, Google Earth Pro, and RStudio 4.3.1 with a generalized linear model (GLM). showed that the COI-R/Tpi-C strain was dominant in the central (Badung and Tabanan) and eastern (Klungkung) regions of Bali, whereas the COI-C/Tpi-C strain was found in the northern (Buleleng), southern (Denpasar), and western (Jembrana) regions. FAW haplotypes were relatively evenly distributed across all sampling locations. No significant association was detected between FAW strain distribution and landscape structure, leaving unclear which vegetation types act as ecological corridors or barriers. The low strain and haplotype diversity observed across both gene markers suggests that genetic variation is largely confined within, rather than between, regions, resulting in a relatively uniform distribution of FAW haplotypes across Indonesia, including Bali.
Screening insectary refugia plants that increase the performance of Diadegma semiclausum Hellen (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) against diamondback moth larvae Prayogo Probo Asmoro; DADANG DADANG; PUDJIANTO PUDJIANTO; I WAYAN WINASA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221016

Abstract

Abstract. Asmoro PP, Dadang, Pudjianto, Winasa IW. 2021. Screening insectary refugia plants that increase the performance of Diadegma semiclausum Hellen (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) against diamondback moth larvae. Biodiversitas 22: 4254-4260. Habitat manipulation through the planting of insectary refugia plants is one way of controlling pests. These refugia plants serve as the source of nutrients that improve the fitness of parasitoid against insect pests. In the cabbage agroecosystem, the presence of refugia plants is expected to benefit the parasitoid D. semiclausum. This study aimed to select insectary refugia plants beneficial for the D. semiclausum in term of attracting and increasing their longevity, and parasitization ability against P. xylostella larvae. Ten species of refugia plants were used in this study, i.e., Ageratum conyzoides, Galinsoga parviflora, Sphagneticola trilobata, Synedrella nodiflora, Portulaca oleracea, Rorippa indica, Brassica rapa, Apium graveolens, Ocimum basilicum, and Arachis pintoi. The methods used in this study included testing the response of the imago olfactory to refugia plants and its effect on the longevity and parasitization level. The results showed that of the ten species of investigated, R. indica and A. graveolens were the most attractive for the presence of parasitoids. The two refugia plants could also increase the longevity and parasitization rate compared to the water treatment. R. indica and A. graveolens are recommended as refuge plants in the cabbage agroecosystems to control P. xylostella.
Leaf beetle Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Biology and infestation on Chinese flowering cabbage Brassica rapa var. parachinensis in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia DIAN AGUNG SANORA LAIA; NINA MARYANA; I WAYAN WINASA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250731

Abstract

Abstract. Laia DAS, Maryana N, Winasa IW. 2024. Leaf beetle Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Biology and infestation on Chinese flowering cabbage Brassica rapa var. parachinensis in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3099-3105. Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L.) holds significant economic value and provides essential nutrition. Bogor District, a primary region for vegetable production in Indonesia, faces a severe issue due to the leaf beetle Phyllotreta striolata Fabricius 1803 infestation on Chinese flowering cabbage plants. However, research on this pest in Indonesia is still limited. Observations on the biological aspects of P. striolata involved collecting and identifying adult P. striolata from Chinese flowering cabbage fields, along with biological observations focusing on the beetle's morphology and developmental stages. Population calculations of adult beetles and evaluation of P. striolata infestation intensity on Chinese flowering cabbage plants were conducted in four sub-districts in Bogor District. The average life cycle of this beetle was 27.15 days. The study revealed that the adult stage lasted an average of 119.10 days, with an average preoviposition period of 3.08 days. Adult populations tended to decrease with the age of Chinese flowering cabbage plants due to environmental factors and food source availability. Infestation intensity varied across locations, with Leuwimalang showing the lowest intensity (23.56%) and Laladon the highest (48.76%). These differences suggest that the environment in Leuwimalang may support the resistance of Chinese flowering cabbage plants to leaf pest attacks.
Refugia flowers enhance insect pollinator and quality of fruit production in strawberry farming SAKINAH AMANINA; NINA MARYANA; I WAYAN WINASA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260330

Abstract

Abstract. Amanina S, Maryana N, Winasa IW. 2025. Refugia flowers enhance insect pollinator and quality of fruit production in strawberry farming. Biodiversitas 26: 1310-1316. Strawberry flowers have different receptive and anthesis periods, making them generally cross-pollinated. Adding refugia flowers in strawberry farming can attract more insect pollinators, enhancing successful cross-pollination and complete fruit formation. This research aimed to study the effect of refugia flowers in improving the diversity and abundance of insect pollinators and, eventually, fruit production and quality in strawberry farming. The research was conducted in Sukaresmi Village, Rancabali Sub-district, Bandung District, West Java, Indonesia using a randomized group experimental design consisted of four treatments, namely strawberries plants without refugia (control/C), strawberries and common zinnia (Zinnia elegans) (SZ), strawberries and marigold flowers (Tagetes sp.) (SM) and strawberries and cosmos flowers (Cosmos sp.) (SC). Observations of pollinators were conducted at 06.00-09.00, 10.00-13.00, and 14.00-17.00 every three days for 30 days. Data was subjected to analysis of diversity and abundance, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Chi-Square test, and correlation analysis. The highest pollinator diversity was found in the SC treatment, and the lowest was in the control, although the diversity level in all treatments was moderate. The cosmos flowers also attracted the most significant number of individual pollinators. Three dominant pollinators were found in all plots, i.e. Apis cerana, Melanostoma sp., and Episyrphus viridaureus. Furthermore, the abundance of pollinators affected the quantity of perfect fruit and quality of strawberry fruits, with SC treatment producing the highest fruit yield and quality on average. The findings of this study imply that adding cosmos flowers positively impacts pollinators, which helps produce better strawberries.  
Application of Gaultheria essential oil attractant to increase abundance zigzag ladybird beetle (Cheilomenes sexmaculata) and other coccinellids SISKA EFENDI; DADANG DADANG; I WAYAN WINASA; ALI NURMANSYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260612

Abstract

Abstract. Efendi S, Dadang, Winasa IW, Nurmansyah A. 2025. Application of Gaultheria essential oil attractant to increase abundance zigzag ladybird beetle (Cheilomenes sexmaculata) and other coccinellids. Biodiversitas 26: 2674-2683. Gaultheria essential Oil (GeO) has the potential to be used as an attractant for Cheilomenes sexmaculata because of its high Methyl Salicylate (MeSA) content. The research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of GeO attractant against C. sexmaculata and its effect on other coccinellids. The tested GeO attractant doses were 0.25 mL, 0.5 mL, 1 mL, and 2 mL/dispenser. The data was analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric median test, with a Mann-Whitney post-test corrected Holm test. The analysis uses the ggstatsplot package version 0.13.0 in R Studio software version 4.4.2. The causal relationship between attractants, abundance, coccinellid richness, and chili (Capsicum annuum) yield was analyzed using a Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results showed that GeO attractant affects the abundance of C. sexmaculata. The attractant GeO also accelerates the presence of C. sexmaculata in chili crops. In addition, GeO attractants also affect the abundance of other predatory coccinellids, namely Micraspis lineata, Harmonia decussata, Coelophora maculata, Coleophora inaequalis, Scymnus sp., Curinus coeruleus, Coccinella transversalis, and Cryptolaemus montrouzieri. The application of GeO attractants, abundance of C. Sexmaculata and Aphis gossypii are directly and significantly related to chili yield. GeO attractant can be a new component of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) to control A. gossypii in chili cultivation.
Population dynamics modelling of Scirpophaga incertulas based on climatic factors in Mardingding, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia TRI YANINTA GINTING; HERMANU TRIWIDODO; I WAYAN WINASA; NINA MARYANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 10 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261016

Abstract

Abstract. Ginting TY, Triwidodo H, Winasa IW, Maryana N. 2025. Population dynamics modelling of Scirpophaga incertulas based on climatic factors in Mardingding, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 5003-5011. The yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) is a major rice pest in Southeast Asia whose outbreaks are strongly influenced by climatic conditions. This study developed and evaluated dynamic models of S. incertulas populations in Mardingding Sub-district, Karo District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, during a single cropping season (January-April 2025). Field monitoring was conducted weekly at three sites using light traps, accompanied by assessments of infestation intensity and incidence. Climate data, including temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall, were obtained from NASA POWER (Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources). To assess whether population differences among sites were statistically significant, an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed. The results revealed a significant difference in S. incertulas populations across locations (F = 8.10, F-critical = 3.28, p < 0.05), underscoring the influence of site-specific agroecosystem conditions. The relationships between climate variables and pest dynamics were further analyzed using multiple linear regression and a discrete logistic growth model. Results indicated that the logistic model provided more accurate estimates of S. incertulas population dynamics compared to linear regression, with the lowest prediction error (18.45%) observed at Tanjung Pamah. At this site, populations remained low (1.5-4.5 individuals) under average conditions of 22.89°C, 89.44% relative humidity, and 5.90 mm rainfall. Peak infestation intensity and incidence across sites occurred approximately six weeks after planting, under mean conditions of 23°C, 89% relative humidity, and 5-6 mm rainfall. These findings demonstrate that integrating climatic drivers with logistic models improves forecasting of S. incertulas outbreaks, particularly in relatively homogeneous rice systems. Such approaches support early-warning systems, reduce reliance on chemical control, and strengthen biodiversity-friendly rice pest management.
Field evaluation of botanical and synthetic insecticides against fall armyworm in maize HAMDAN MARULI SIREGAR; DADANG DADANG; DEWI SARTIAMI; I WAYAN WINASA; ELI ZULKATRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 10 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261027

Abstract

Abstract. Siregar HM, Dadang, Sartiami D, Winasa IW, Zulkatri E. 2025. Field evaluation of botanical and synthetic insecticides against fall armyworm in maize. Biodiversitas 26: 5125-5131. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has emerged as a significant threat to maize production in Indonesia, leading to significant yield losses and ecological risks in control practices due to the overreliance on synthetic insecticides. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of botanical and synthetic insecticide applications on the population abundance and attack intensity of S. frugiperda, as well as their impact on parasitoid parasitism rate. The field experiment was conducted at the Sawah Baru Experimental Farm, IPB University, during the vegetative stage using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven blocks and three treatments. These treatments include a botanical insecticide formulated as a 50 Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) from a hexane extract mixture of Piper retrofractum fruits and Annona squamosa seeds (2:1 w/w), a synthetic insecticide (emamectin benzoate 30 EC), and a control. The data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in R Studio version 4.4.2. The results showed that both insecticides effectively reduced the population abundance and attack intensity of S. frugiperda, with the synthetic insecticide exhibiting higher efficacy. However,  the botanical insecticide was found to be relatively safer for parasitoids. These findings emphasize the potential of botanical insecticides as a promising and ecologically safer alternative for pest control, suitable for integration into Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies, thereby supporting a more sustainable approach to maize production.
Arthropod diversity and trophic balance in monoculture and polyculture rice fields in Mardingding, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia TRI YANINTA GINTING; HERMANU TRIWIDODO; I WAYAN WINASA; NINA MARYANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 5 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270502

Abstract

Abstract. Ginting TY, Triwidodo H, Winasa IW, Maryana N. 2026. Arthropod diversity and trophic balance in monoculture and polyculture rice fields in Mardingding, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (5): d270502. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270502. This study evaluated the temporal dynamics and functional balance of arthropod communities in monoculture and polyculture rice systems across two cropping seasons in Mardingding Sub-district, Karo District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Polyculture refers to rice fields in which diversification was implemented primarily through companion vegetation on bunds or surrounding field margins, whereas monoculture consisted of rice grown without such border vegetation. Weekly arthropod sampling was conducted from planting to harvest in six farmer-managed paddy fields using a portable suction sampler. Arthropods were identified as morphospecies and classified into functional guilds. Community structure was assessed using Shannon-Wiener diversity (H′), Pielou's evenness (E), and Simpson's dominance (D) indices and analyzed using GLM repeated-measures ANOVA, in which fields were treated as independent experimental units (n: 6), temporal observations were modeled as repeated measures within fields, and cropping season was included as a within-subject factor. Temporal patterns showed that diversity and evenness increased toward mid-season and declined near crop maturity, whereas dominance showed the opposite trend. The cropping system had a significant effect on diversity (F(1, 4): 18.86, p: 0.012, partial η2: 0.825), whereas the cropping season was not (p: 0.095). The interaction between the cropping system and season was also not significant. Evenness was significantly influenced by cropping season (F(1, 4): 12.44, p: 0.024, partial η2: 0.757), while no significant effects were detected for dominance. Paired comparisons at the field level indicated higher diversity in polyculture during Season 1, whereas differences were not significant in Season 2. Polyculture fields also showed higher natural enemy-to-pest ratios than monoculture. These findings suggest that crop diversification through bund-associated vegetation was associated with a higher relative abundance of natural enemies and may contribute to shifts in trophic structure within rice agroecosystems.
Vatiga illudens Drake (Hemiptera: Tingidae): Morphometry and abundance in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia Muhammad Rifqi Shafari; Nina Maryana; I Wayan Winasa
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126247-255

Abstract

Vatiga illudens Drake (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is a newly emerging pest of cassava in Indonesia. This species has not yet been classified as a quarantine pest by the Indonesian government, allowing it to spread largely unnoticed. This study aimed to determine the abundance and morphometric characteristics of V. illudens in Bogor Regency, West Java. The research was conducted by collecting lace bug specimens preserved in 70% alcohol from nine cassava plantations located in two villages of Bojong Gede Subdistrict and one village of Tajurhalang Subdistrict. Lace bug abundance was analyzed using the least significant difference (LSD) test. Specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics using an Olympus SZ51 stereo microscope, and morphometric variables were measured using a Leica DFC 450 microscope. The results confirmed that the collected specimens were V. illudens, and their body measurements were relatively larger than those reported from Brazil and East Java. The mean body length and width were 1.01 ± 0.03 mm and 0.25 ± 0.03 mm for first-instar nymphs; 1.29 ± 0.09 mm and 0.36 ± 0.02 mm for second-instar nymphs; 1.62 ± 0.13 mm and 0.54 ± 0.04 mm for third-instar nymphs; 2.36 ± 0.08 mm and 0.72 ± 0.06 mm for fourth-instar nymphs; 3.14 ± 0.15 mm and 0.98 ± 0.09 mm for fifth-instar nymphs; and 4.44 ± 0.11 mm and 1.28 ± 0.04 mm for imagos. The highest V. illudens abundance was observed in Susukan Village, and populations in all observation villages were dominated by males.
Compatibility of Piper retrofractum and Annona squamosa extract mixture against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Hamdan Maruli Siregar; Dadang Dadang; Dewi Sartiami; I Wayan Winasa; Siska Efendi; Gusti Indriati
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.126226-236

Abstract

Dependence on synthetic insecticides for controlling Spodoptera frugiperda has led to various adverse effects, including pest resistance, mortality of non-target organisms, and environmental pollution. These concerns necessitate the development of alternative control strategies, such as botanical insecticides that are both effective and environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and potential synergistic interactions of a hexane extract mixture of Piper retrofractum (Pr) and Annona squamosa (As) against second-instar larvae of S. frugiperda. Toxicity assays were conducted using the feed residue method in a completely randomized design with five extract mixture ratios of Pr:As (3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 w/w), each replicated five times. The results showed that the 2:1 (w/w) ratio was the most effective combination, yielding the lowest LC50 and LC95 values of 0.03% and 0.12%, respectively, at 96 hours after treatment. A higher proportion of Pr in the extract mixture tended to produce faster and more pronounced lethal effects on S. frugiperda larvae, and vice versa. The 2:1 (w/w) ratio also exhibited strong and stable synergistic interactions at all observation times at both LC50 and LC95 levels. This enhanced effectiveness is likely attributable to synergistic interactions among the active compounds present in each extract. These findings indicate that a mixture of P. retrofractum and A. squamosa extracts at a 2:1 (w/w) ratio has strong potential as an effective and efficient botanical insecticide to support the implementation of sustainable integrated pest management strategies.
Co-Authors Abdul Munif Akhmad Rizali Ali Nurmansyah Amelia Feryna Bulan Dini Ciptadi Achmad Yusup Dadan Hindayana Dadang Dadang DAMAYANTI BUCHORI Dede Maryana Dewi Sartiami DIAN AGUNG SANORA LAIA ELI ZULKATRI Endang Sri Ratna Farhan Alfian Nur Gusti Indriati HAMDAN MARULI SIREGAR Hamdan Maruli Siregar HERMANU TRIWIDODO Hermanu Triwidodo HERMANU TRIWIDODO Herni Dwinta Pebrianti, Herni Dwinta Hery Widyanto Kurniawan Effendi Kurniawan Effendi Kusumah , Yayi Munara Kusumah, Yayi Munara Manuwoto, Syafrida Mayasari, Astrid Mihwan Sataral Monica, Dheya Cintya Muhammad Rifqi Shafari NFN Rohimatun Nila Wardani Nina Maryana Nurdaaniyah, Andi Prayogo Probo Asmoro PUDJIANTO PUDJIANTO Pudjianto Pudjianto PURNAMA HIDAYAT Rahmini, Rahmini RAUF, AUNU SAKINAH AMANINA SISKA EFENDI Siska Efendi SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Sri Yuliani Sugeng Santoso Tawakkal, Muhammad Iqbal TRI YANINTA GINTING TRI YANINTA GINTING Yeni Herdiyeni