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All Journal Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir Eksplorium : Buletin Pusat Pengembangan Bahan Galian Nuklir
Kurnia Setiawan Widana
Pusat Teknologi Bahan Galian Nuklir-BATAN
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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Petrografi dan Geokimia Unsur Utama Granitoid Pulau Bangka: Kajian Awal Tektonomagmatisme Widana, Kurnia Setiawan
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 34 No. 2 (2013): NOVEMBER 2013
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2013.34.2.708

Abstract

Bangka Island is composed by Klabat Granite and its granitoid variations. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of granitoid Bangka Island to be applied in the study of magmatism, tectonic situations and relationships developed in granitoid for possible exploration. The methodology used by observations with a thin section of rock (petrography) and secondary major elements analysis from previous research. Granitoid samples are collected from Western, Southern, Central and East (Belinyu). Granitoid ages range from Late Permian to Late Triassic. Petrographic analysis showed dominant granitoid type as Alkali Feldspar–Syeno Granite, whereas geochemical analysis as Alkali -Syeno Granite. SiO2 variation diagram shows declining in the proportion of the major elements CaO, MgO, TiO2, Al2O3 and P2O5 with increasing SiO2 influenced by affinity fractionation as calc-alkalic magma with high K content. Affinity can be formed on continental arc where subduction and collision involved. Preliminary result granitoid typology as peraluminous, with I type. In Central and Eastern Bangka (Belinyu) characterized by high proportion of magnetite, magnesian, and more primitive, while S type in the South and West Bangka are characterized by high K2O and the presence of abundant biotite + muscovite + cordierite.
Profil Unsur Tanah Jarang Granitoid Klabat di Pulau Bangka dengan Analisis Aktivasi Neutron Widana, Kurnia Setiawan; Priadi, Bambang; Handayani, Yustina Tri
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 35 No. 1 (2014): MEI 2014
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2014.35.1.1343

Abstract

Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) is a powerful geochemical analysis with advantages which are nondestructive and involves multi-elements. NAA technique applied for qualitative and quantitative analyses on Klabat granitic rocks that distributes and compose the geology of Bangka Island. There are 27 samples analyzed which aims to determine the content of rare earth elements, which will be applied in petrotectonic of Klabat granitoid. Rare Earth Elements (REE) which analyzed, namely La, Ce, Nd, Sm, E, Gd, Tb, Yb, and Lu. All of the samples irradiated in the Centre of Multipurpose Reactor "Siwabessy", BATAN - Serpong and subsequently counted with High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe) considering half-life and elements contents that will be concerned both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The comparative quantitative analysis method conducted using Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2710a and 2711a that published by the National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST). The result are the pattern of spider diagram with the chondrite normalized and showing the enrichment of La-Sm as light REE (LREE) and Eu-Lu slight decreasing as heavy REE (HREE), as identify of plutonic rocks thar formed in the continental arc.
Studi Awal Geologi di Wilayah Kabupaten Pamekasan untuk Mendukung Pemilihan Calon Tapak Instalasi Desalinasi Nuklir Ngadenin, Ngadenin; Subiantoro, Lilik; Widana, Kurnia Setiawan
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 35 No. 1 (2014): MEI 2014
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2014.35.1.1828

Abstract

The area around the southern coast Pamekasan is one of the candidates for the alternatives location of nuclear desalination plant site. In 1949 around Sampang Madura ever tectonic earthquake measuring 5 on the Richter scale with its epicenter on land. Tectonic earthquake with epicenter on land is likely related to the presence of active faults on the island of Madura. Location prospective nuclear desalination plant site should be away or free of active faults. Aim of this study is to obtain geological information and know the characteristics of tectonics including active fault to support site studies of nuclear desalination plant on the island of Madura. The method used is the geological mapping scale, 1 : 50,000. Lithology in the area along the south coast district Pamekasan is alluvium Holocene age and conglomerate units of Pleistocene age. There were no indications of active faults in the region. Candidates site at this location is less attractive in terms of geotechnical foundation as can be ascertained bedrock will be found sufficient in that building construction will require expensive.
Pemisahan Unsur-unsur pada Monasit Bangka dengan Pengendapan Bertingkat Novriyanisti, Anggi; Prassanti, Riesna; Widana, Kurnia Setiawan
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 42 No. 1 (2021): MEI 2021
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2021.42.1.6093

Abstract

Monazite is a mineral side product of tin processing, which mainly contains uranium (U), thorium (Th), rare earth elements (REE), and phosphate compounds (PO4). Besides these main elements, monazite also contains other metals such as aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), bismuth (Bi), gallium (Ga), and thallium (Tl). The elements in monazite must be separated to be used. This study aims to determine the effect of pH variations in the separation of components in monazite with multilevel precipitation and determine elements produced from each pH variation. The variation pH starts from pH 0,5 to 10 with a different pH of zero points five. The elements in monazite are separated gradually, beginning from the decomposition process using sodium hydroxide (NaOH), dissolving with hydrochloric acid (HCl), and graded deposition with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). The elements were analyzed using the instrument Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. The effect of pH variations produced precipitated pH 3, pH 6, pH 6.5, and pH 7. The elements produced at each pH variation are uranium, thorium, rare earth elements, aluminum, iron, bismuth, gallium, and thallium. Uranium and thorium were mostly at pH 3 with the recovery of U 72.3% and Th 46.33% and rare earth elements at pH 6.5 with 41.87% recovery. The elements Fe and Bi mostly settle at pH 3 with levels of 37.9 ppm and 100.9 ppm. The elements Al, Ga, and Tl, precipitate most at pH 6.5 with grades of 30.2 ppm, 69.8 ppm, and 8 ppm respectively.
Potensi Thorium dan Uranium di Kabupaten Bangka Barat Ngadenin, Ngadenin; Syaeful, Heri; Widana, Kurnia Setiawan; Nurdin, Muhammad
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 35 No. 2 (2014): NOVEMBER 2014
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2014.35.2.2754

Abstract

Thorium and uranium in Bangka Island are mainly found in monazite mineral. In the geological point of view the monazite formed in S type granite, sandstones and alluvial deposits. In Bangka Baratwhere several S types granite and also alluvial deposites and this area considered as a potential area for monazite placer. S type granites are predicted as a source of monazite while alluvial deposits are considered as a dispersion place for deposition of monazite. The purpose of this study is to determine the geological information and to know the hypothetical potency of thorium and uranium resources in alluvial deposits. The methodsusedin this study are geological mapping, measurement of thorium and uranium contents in the rock, sampling of granite for petrographic analysis, sampling of heavy mineral in alluvial deposits for grain size analysis. Results of the research show that the lithology of West Bangka region composed of schist unit, meta-sandstone unit, granite intrusion, diabase intrusion, sandstone unit and alluvial deposits. Monazite is found in granite intrusion, sandstone unit and alluvial deposits. Evolving fault strend to northwest-southeast, northeast-southwest and west-east.The results of the grain size analysis of heavy mineral shows the average percentage of monazite in the heavy mineral is 6.34%. Other potential minerals contained in placer deposits are zircon 36.65%, ilmenite 19.67% and cassiterite 14.75%.
Studi Keberadaan Mineralisasi Uranium Di Daerah Biak Numfor, Provinsi Papua Barat Suharji, Suharji; Subiantoro, Lilik; Syaeful, Heri; Widana, Kurnia Setiawan; Prabowo, Hery
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 35 No. 2 (2014): NOVEMBER 2014
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2014.35.2.2757

Abstract

This study was conducted based on the findings of radioactive minerals in the form of indication of relatively high radiation dose rate anomalies. The hypothesis underlying the existence of a high radiation dose rate is the deposition of uranium derived from basalt rock Auwea Formation, uranium enrichment derived from limestone to the soil surface, and the deposition of uranium resulted from the use of fertilizers in agriculture. Therefore the research aimed to obtain the conclusion of its hypotheses. Research methodology applied is geological mapping, radiometric measurement of uranium (U), thorium (Th), and potassium(K) in the field using RS 125 to determine in-situ grade of elements, radiometric measurements of plant fertilizer, sampling, and laboratory analysis of the element grade. Based on the analysis and evaluation of survey data it is known that in the area around Maryendi, Darmapis and Denafi, indicate the presence of anomalous zones which is characterized by the presence of uranium (U) dark brown soil – reddish brown, with the value of the radiation dose of 1.9 to 4,032.3 nSv/h and grade of uranium (U)has 20.27 to 325 ppm eU. Based on the analysis of source rock of uranium, it is concluded that limestone is the source rock of uranium in research area. The results of field observations of the fertilizer and basalt rock of Auwea Formation, it is found that no anomalies may indicate material/rock that acts as the source of uranium.
Karakteristik Unsur Jejak Dalam Diskriminasi Magmatisme Granitoid Pulau Bangka Widana, Kurnia Setiawan; Priadi, Bambang
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 36 No. 1 (2015): MEI 2015
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2015.36.1.2766

Abstract

Geology of Bangka Island consists by variation of granite as Klabat Granitoid scattered in various locations. Trace elements can be applied in magmatism discrimination of granitoid.The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics Bangka Island granitoid based on trace element geochemistry to be applied in the study of magmatism, source and tectonic situation. Geochemical analyses method used are the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) and portableX-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) for qualitative and quantitative analyses on 27 samples of Klabat granitoid on Bangka Island. This study concluded granitoid East Bangka (Belinyu) and Central Bangka as crust-mantle mixing with affinityCalc-Alkaline, characteristic of I Type while South and West Bangka granitoid crust origin with affinity high K Calc-Alkaline as S Type. Expectedmagmatismdiscrimination ofgranitoidhelpfulin providingradioactive mineral explorationguidein BangkaIsland.
Peningkatan Perolehan Uranium, Torium, dan Logam Tanah Jarang dalam Residu Pelarutan Parsial pada Pengolahan Monasit Fatihah, Novita Sari; Anggraini, Mutia; Pratama, Afiq Azfar; Widana, Kurnia Setiawan
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 42 No. 2 (2021): NOVEMBER 2021
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17146/eksplorium.2021.42.2.6044

Abstract

Monazite is a by-product of tin processing containing phosphate, rare earth elements, and radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium. These elements can be utilized optimally if separated from one another through processing. Monazite processing includes decomposition, partial dissolution, and precipitation processes. The separation of rare earth elements from radioactive elements in monazite is carried out through a partial dissolution process, but the separation is not optimal so that further processes are needed to increase the recovery of these elements. In this study, the process was carried out using two methods, namely total dissolution with hydrochloric acid (HCl) which aims to dissolve all elements in the precipitate and precipitation with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) which aims to separate radioactive elements and rare earth elements. Both methods were carried out under optimum process conditions with various variations in pH, temperature, and time. Based on observations, it was found that the optimum solubility of each element was 67.6% uranium, 15.3% thorium and 50.8% LTJ under the dissolving process conditions of pH 1, at 80°C for 2 hours. While in the deposition process, the precipitation recovery of each element is 57% uranium, 75.7% thorium, 4.8% rare earth metals at pH 6 conditions. Based on these data, it can be concluded that uranium, thorium, and rare earth elements can be dissolved at pH 1, at 80°C for 2 hours, and can be separated at pH 6 precipitation conditions.
Validation of The Gravimetry Method for Determining Rare Earth Elements Oxides Pratama, Afiq Azfar; Hidayat, Amalia Ekaputri; Rommy; Indryati, Suci; Laksmana, Roza Indra; Trinopiawan, Kurnia; Purwanti, Tri; Widana, Kurnia Setiawan; Putra, Aditya Widian; Anggraini, Mutia; Nasrullah, Dzaki Hasan
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 45 No. 1 (2024): MAY 2024
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2024.6972

Abstract

The demand for minerals to meet technological developments is increasing, including minerals that contain rare earth elements (REE). The levels of REE in solids can be determined using conventional analysis methods (gravimetry) and instruments. Even though the instrument method provides more accurate results with a small amount of analyte, the cost is higher compared to the gravimetric method, which requires more analyte and provides good results. Therefore, the gravimetric method is a solution for areas with limited instruments and budgets. The study aims to validate the gravimetric method for determining REE oxides levels, evaluate its precision and accuracy, and assess its feasibility of use. In this study, two methods were used for REE analysis: the ASTM E2941-14 method with sample weight modification and the addition of acid to increase REE oxides recovery and a precipitation method using oxalic acid. The validation stages include sample dissolution, precipitation, filtration, and ash-making. The research results show that the RSD value is 0.3154, which is smaller than 2/3 of Horwitz's CV, namely 4.1727, which means it meets the precision acceptance requirements of ISO/IEC 17025:2017. The REE oxides recovery value, which indicates accuracy, also increased to 97.74%. Therefore, the gravimetric method can be used as an alternative for determining REE oxides levels.
Analytical Method Validation of Thorium in Ore Sample Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer Indryati, Suci; Hidayat, Amalia Ekaputri; Pratama, Afiq Azfar; Laksamana, Roza Indra; Widana, Kurnia Setiawan; Ramlan, Muhammad Alif; Purwanti, Tri; Prassanti, Riesna; Anggraini, Mutia; Rommy, Rommy
EKSPLORIUM Vol. 44 No. 2 (2023): NOVEMBER 2023
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/eksplorium.2023.6965

Abstract

Monazite contains several rare earth elements (REE) along with radioactive elements, i.e., thorium (Th) and uranium (U). Thorium content in monazite is several times higher than uranium. Monazite contains around 12% thorium oxide, but the thorium content in this mineral varies depending on location. To determine the thorium content in monazite, an appropriate and validated analytical method is needed so that the reliability of the test results can be trusted. Apart from that, method validation is one of the clauses in SNI ISO/IEC 17025:2017 that must be fulfilled by the laboratory to be certified and produce reliable data. This research aims to validate analytical methods for non-standard and modified methods that are likely to be used outside the scope. In this research, the method used to digest and analyze thorium in mineral samples refers to the ASTM E2941-14 method with several modifications. Therefore, the analysis method needs to be validated. Validation of the analytical method is carried out by testing several parameters such as linearity and working range tests, accuracy, precision (repeatability), Limit of Detection (LOD), and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). The results of linearity, accuracy, and repeatability tests that meet the acceptance requirements can be used as a method of validation evaluation. The results of the method validation parameter test met the acceptance requirements, with the linearity test showing a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.997, the accuracy test showing % a recovery value of 106.22%, and the precision (repeatability) test showing %RSD of 3.76% with LOD value is 0.650 mg/L, and LOQ is 0.724 mg/L. Based on the results of these parameter tests, the method for analyzing thorium in mineral samples was validated.
Co-Authors Adhika Junara Karunianto Agus Sutriyono Bambang Priadi Fatihah, Novita Sari Frederikus Dian Indrastomo, Frederikus Dian Heri Syaeful Hery Prabowo Hery Syaeful Hidayat, Amalia Ekaputri Indryati, Suci Kurnia Trinopiawan Laksamana, Roza Indra Laksmana, Roza Indra Lilik Subiantoro Mohammad Zaki Mubarok, Mohammad Zaki Muhammad Nurdin Mutia Anggraini Nasrullah, Dzaki Hasan Nawawi, Fuad Wafa Ngadenin Ngadenin Ngadenin Novriyanisti, Anggi P. Widito Pratama, Afiq Azfar Purwanti, Tri Putra, Aditya Widian Ramlan, Muhammad Alif Riesna Prassanti Rommy Rommy, Rommy Said, Moch Iqbal Nur Suharji Suharji Widodo Yustina Tri Handayani