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APLIKASI PATI AREN TERMODIFIKASI EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU BIJI MERAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK BERINDEKS GLIKEMIK RENDAH (APPLICATIONS OF ARENGA STARCH MODIFIED WITH RED GUAVA LEAF EXTRACT IN DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW GLYCEMIC INDEX PRODUCT) Nunung Nurjanah; Elisa Diana Julianti; Ema Sahara
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 39 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v39i2.6969.

Consumption of lowglycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) products are recommended to prevent and manage of degenerative diseases.The high digestibility of arenga starch could be lowered by physicochemical modification with soaking the arenga starch using polyphenolic compounds. The aims of this study were to determine chemical composition, glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of cake and cookies from arenga starch modified with 4 percent red guava leaf extract 58-62 oBrix. Chemical composition analysis include proximate, starch, dietary fiber and resistant starch. GI test was conducted in vivo on 12 healthy people. The results showed no differences in chemical compisiton between modified arenga starch cakeand native starch. However, modified arenga starch cookies had significantly lower fat and higher total carbohydrate and starch than native starch (p< 0.05). GI and GL decreased significantly (p<0.05) on cake of modified arenga starch, from high (77.72) to low (51.84). GI of modified arenga starch cookies (46.20) was not significantly different than to native starch (47.31). Cookies and cake of modified arenga starch had intermediate GL, 10.55 and 18.45 respectively. The study concluded that arenga starch modified with red guava leaf extract had a potential as an ingredient for development of low GI products. Konsumsi produk yang memiliki indeks glikemik (IG) dan beban glikemik (BG) rendah direkomendasikan untuk pencegahan dan manajemen penyakit degeneratif. Daya cerna pati dan indeks glikemik tinggi pati aren dapat diturunkan dengan memodifikasi pati melalui perendaman dalam ekstrak daun jambu biji merah sebagai sumber polifenol. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perubahan komposisi kimia, IG dan beban glikemik (BG) kue basah dan cookies berbahan baku pati aren termodifikasi ekstrak daun jambu biji merah dibandingkan pati alaminya. Kue basah dan cookies dibuat dari pati aren yang dimodifikasi dengan 4 persen ekstrak daun jambu biji merah 58-62oBrix dan pati alaminya. Komposisi kimia yang diuji meliputi proksimat, pati, serat pangan dan pati resisten. Pengujian IG dilakukan in vivo pada 12 orang sehat. Komposisi kimia kue basah pati aren termodifikasi tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan pati alaminya. Cookies pati aren termodifikasi memiliki kadar karbohidrat total dan pati secara nyata lebih tinggi dan kadar lemak lebih rendah dibandingkan pati alaminya. IG menurun secara nyata hanya pada kue basah pati aren termodifikasi dari tinggi (78) menjadi rendah (52). IG cookies pati aren termodifikasi rendah, tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan pati alaminya, berturut-turut 46 dan 47. Nilai BG kue basah pati aren termodifikasi daun jambu biji lebih rendah (10,55) dibandingkan pati alaminya (15,05). BG produk tersebut terkategori sedang. Kue basah dan cookies pati aren termodifikasi memiliki BG berturut-turut 10,55 dan 18,45. Penggunaan pati aren termodifikasi dapat menurunkan IG pada kue basah. Pati aren termodifikasi berpotensi dijadikan bahan baku untuk pengembangan produk ber-IG rendah.

POLA KONSUMSI DAN GAYA HIDUP KAITANNYA DENGAN KEJADIAN PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULER DI INDONESIA Yurista Permanasari; Elisa Diana Julianti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 41 No. 2 (2018): PGM VOL 41 NO 2 TAHUN 2018
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v41i2.1892

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in the world and in Indonesia. Many factors can trigger cardiovascular disease. One of the main causes of cardiovascular disease is an unhealthy lifestyle. This analysis aims to identify lifestyle (food consumption patterns, smoking, and physical activity) in relation to the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in each province in Indonesia. The research design in this analysis is an ecological study with a provincial analysis unit. The study sample in this analysis was a sample of households and adult individuals over the age of 15 that included in the Individual Food Consumption Survey (SKMI) 2014 and Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013. Source of the data was the SKMI 2014 food consumption data and individual data of the Riskesdas 2013 to obtain 21.283 samples. After verification, editing, and cleaning, 20.183 samples were obtained. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease, namely heart and strok, was grouped into provinces with high prevalence (prevalence above national average) and low prevalence (prevalence below the national average). Data were analyzed to determine the frequency distribution of each variable and to determine the difference between lifestyle variables on the prevalence of the cardiovascular disease. The results of these analysis showed there was no association between smoking habits, physical activity and consumption of macro nutrients, fiber and sodium in cardiovascular disease in provinces with low or high prevalence. Recommendations for looking the relationship between smoking habits, physical activity, and consumption habits with non-communicable diseases preferably in cohort study. Keywords: cardiovascular, consumption patterns, lifestyle ABSTRAK Penyakit kardiovaskuler menjadi penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia dan di Indonesia. Banyak faktor yang dapat memicu terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler. Salah satu penyebab utama penyakit kardiovaskuler ialah gaya hidup yang tidak sehat (kebiasaan merokok, diet yang tidak sehat, dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik). Analisis ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gaya hidup (pola konsumsi, merokok, dan aktivitas fisik) kaitannya dengan prevalensi penyakit kardiovaskuler pada tingkat provinsi di Indonesia. Disain penelitian dalam analisis ini adalah studi ekologi dengan unit analisis propinsi. Sampel penelitian adalah sampel rumah tangga dan individu dewasa usia lebih dari 15 tahun yang termasuk ke dalam sampel Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014 dan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013. Data yang digunakan ialah data konsumsi SKMI 2014 dan data individu Riskesdas 2013 sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 21.283. Setelah dilakukan verifikasi, editing, dan cleaning maka diperoleh 20.183 sampel. Prevalensi penyakit kardiovaskuler, yaitu jantung dan stroke, dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok provinsi dengan prevalensi tinggi (prevalensi di atas rerata nasional) dan prevalensi rendah (prevalensi di bawah rerata nasional). Data dianalisis untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi pada setiap variabel dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara variabel gaya hidup terhadap kejadian penyakit kardiovaskuler. Hasil analis lanjut menunjukkan tidak ada keterkaitan antara kebiasaan merokok, aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi zat gizi makro, serat dan natrium terhadap kejadian penyakit kardiovaskuler pada tingkat provinsi dengan prevalensi rendah maupun tinggi. Untuk dapat melihat keterkaitan antara kebiasaan merokok, aktivitas fisik, dan kebiasaan konsumsi dengan penyakit tidak menular, maka disarankan data yang diperlukan adalah data dari penelitian yang diikuti seperti kohor. [Penel Gizi Makan 2018, 41(2):113-123] Kata kunci: kardiovaskuler, pola konsumsi, gaya hidup

SOSIODEMOGRAFI STUNTING PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA Sudikno sudikno; Yekti Widodo; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Doddy Izwardy; Vivi Setiawaty; Budi Setyawati; Yunita Diana Sari; Dyah Santi Puspitasari; Feri Ahmadi; Rika Rachmawati; Amalia Safitri; Nurilah Amaliah; Prisca Petty Arfines; Bunga Christitha Rosha; Aditianti Aditianti; Elisa Diana Julianti; Joko Pambudi; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Febriani Febriani
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v44i2.4953

ABSTRACT The problem of stunting in children under five (0-59 months) is still a public health problem, especially in developing countries. This study aims to measure the prevalence of stunting and determine its sociodemography risk factors in Indonesia. This study was a nationwide survey in 514 districts consisting of 32,000 census blocks (320,000 households). The study design was cross-sectional. The population of this study was all families of children under five in all districts in Indonesia. The sample was households with children under five which were visited by Susenas (National Sociodemographic Survey) in March 2019. The data collected were the length/height of children under-five of age, gender, age (months), region (rural and urban), all provinces which were divided into 7 regions. (Java-Bali, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Papua), and diarrhea. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting in children under five (0-59 months) was 27.6 percent. Multivariate regression analysis showed that children 12 month old and older, living in rural areas (AOR=1,444; 95% CI: 1,442-1,447), in the Nusa Tenggara region (AOR=1,874; 95% CI: 1,866-1,882), and suffering from diarrhea (AOR=1,409; 95%CI: 1,401-1,417) were more at risk of becoming stunted. ABSTRAK Masalah stunting pada balita (0-59 bulan) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat terutama di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi stunting dan faktor risiko stunting menurut sosiodemografi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan survei nasional di 514 kabupaten/kota yang terdiri dari 32.000 blok sensus (320.000 rumah tangga). Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah semua keluarga balita yang ada di seluruh kabupaten/ kota di Indonesia. Sampel adalah rumah tangga yang memiliki balita yang dikunjungi oleh Susenas Maret 2019. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah panjang/tinggi badan balita, jenis kelamin, umur (bulan), wilayah (perdesaan dan perkotaan), provinsi yang dibagi dalam 7 wilayah (Jawa bali, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Papua), dan penyakit diare pada balita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi stunting pada balita (0-59 bulan) sebesar 27,6 persen. Analisis regresi multivariate menunjukkan bahwa balita yang berumur lebih dari 11 bulan, tinggal di perdesaan (AOR=1,444; 95% CI: 1,442-1,447), wilayah Nusa Tenggara (AOR=1,874; 95% CI: 1,866-1,882) dan yang menderita diare (AOR=1,409; 95%CI: 1,401-1,417) lebih berisiko untuk menjadi stunting. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(1):71-78]

FAKTOR DETERMINAN BALITA STUNTING PADA DESA LOKUS DAN NON LOKUS DI 13 KABUPATEN LOKUS STUNTING DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019 Yurista Permanasari; Ika Saptarini; Nurilah Amalia; aditianti aditianti; Amalia Safitri; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Yunita Diana Sari; Prisca Pretty Arfines; Irlina R. Irawan; Dyah Santi Puspitasari; Febriani Syahrul; Budi Setyawati; Rika Rachmawati; Elisa Diana Julianti; Rika Rachmalina; Andi Susilawati; Novianti Sihombing; Sisca Dwi Kumlasari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v44i2.5665

ABSTRACT The implementation of government policies in stunting prevention has been carried out from the central level to the village level. The Ministry of Home Affairs annually establishes stunting locus villages in 34 provinces. At the stunting locus village, sensitive and specific interventions were carried out. Many factors influence the prevalence of stunting. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in locus and non-locus villages in 13 stunting locus districts in Indonesia. This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in 13 districts of stunting locus. Each district was chosen one sub-district which was then selected one locus of stunting village and one village of non locus. In each village 90 children were selected. Data analysis was carried out univariate, bivariate, and multivariate with logistic regression test to see the relationship between independent and dependent variables after being controlled by several variables. The results showed that 20 percent lower chance of stunting in locus villages than non locus villages. Toddlers who are breastfed for more than 24 months have a 1.7 times risk of becoming stunted. Toddlers who do not do early initiation of breastfeeding have a 1.5 times risk of becoming stunted compared to toddlers who do early initiation of breastfeeding. High maternal education can prevent stunting 2 times compared to mothers with low education. The selection of stunting locus villages affects the prevalence of stunting. In addition, several determinant factors influence the incidence of stunting, namely the sex of the child, the duration of breastfeeding more than 24 months, the child's age, early initiation of breastfeeding, growth monitoring, the mother's age and the mother's education. ABSTRAK Implementasi kebijakan pemerintah dalam pencegahan stunting telah dilaksanakan mulai dari tingkat pusat sampai tingkat desa. Kementerian Dalam Negeri setiap tahun menetapkan desa lokus stunting di 34 provinsi. Pada desa lokus stunting dilakukan intervensi sensitif dan spesifik. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi prevalensi stunting. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor determinan kejadian stunting pada desa lokus dan non lokus di 13 kabupaten lokus stunting di Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di 13 Kabupaten lokus stunting, setiap kabupaten dipilih satu kecamatan yang kemudian dipilih satu desa lokus stunting dan satu desa non lokus. Pada setiap desa dipilih 90 balita. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik untuk melihat hubungan variabel bebas dan terikat setelah dikontrol oleh beberapa variabel. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa peluang terjadinya stunting 20 persen lebih rendah di desa lokus dibanding desa non lokus. Balita yang mendapatkan ASI lebih dari 24 bulan berisiko 1,7 kali menjadi stunting. Balita yang tidak melakukan inisiasi menyusui dini (IMD) berisiko 1,5 kali menjadi stunting dibandingkan dengan balita yang melakukan IMD. Pendidikan ibu yang tinggi dapat mencegah kejadian stunting 2 kali dibandingkan ibu berpendidikan rendah. Pemilihan desa lokus stunting memengaruhi kejadian stunting. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa faktor determinan yang memengaruhi kejadian stunting yaitu jenis kelamin anak, durasi menyusui ASi lebih dari 24 bulan, usia anak, IMD, pemantauan pertumbuhuan, umur ibu dan pendidikan ibu. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(2):79-92]

DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA RUMAH TANGGA PETANI/ NELAYAN/ BURUH DI INDONESIA (ANALISIS LANJUT STUDI DETERMINAN STATUS GIZI TAHUN 2020) Yunita Diana Sari; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Rika Rachmawati; Sudikno Sudikno; Elisa Diana Julianti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i1.6037

ABSTRACT The implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policies which have implications for limiting community activities, including economic activities, educational activities, and other social activities. This activity restriction has an impact on the decline in the socio-economic conditions of the community, especially in vulnerable communities such as farmers/fishermen/laborers who do not have a fixed income. Therefore, the government, both at the National and regional levels, has issued various policies to deal with the spread of COVID-19 as well as policies to mitigate the social and economic impacts of this pandemic. The purpose of this analysis is to see the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on households of farmers/fishermen/laborers who have children under five by conducting further analysis of the 2020 Nutritional Status Determinant Survey (SDSG) data. The number of respondents being analyzed is 6,866 households of farmers/fishermen/laborers. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the head of the family stated that they were economically less able to meet family needs (60.7%), had less income (80.9%), had more difficulty buying family food (63.8%), and had received social assistance from the government in the form of cash (57.4%). The consumption patterns for staple foods, where rice is still consumed by 99.6 percent of households, for the most consumed sources of protein, are fish (78.4%) and eggs (70.6%). Under-five children who did not access health services when sick were 46.7% for reason that they were not seriously ill so they did not need treatment (75.3%) and 17.9% did not or delaying the provision of basic immunization because of forgetting (18.2). Posyandu is the most visited health facility for basic immunization services and growth monitoring. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, social assistance, consumption patterns ABSTRAK Penerapan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) yang berimplikasi terhadap pembatasan aktivitas masyarakat, termasuk aktivitas ekonomi, aktivitas pendidikan, dan aktivitas sosial lainnya. Pembatasan aktivitas ini berdampak pada menurunnya kondisi sosial-ekonomi masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat rentan seperti petani,nelayan,buruh lainnya yang tidak berpenghasilan tetap. Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah, baik di tingkat pusat maupun daerah, mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan untuk menanggulangi penyebaran COVID-19 serta kebijakan yang bersifat penanggulangan dampak sosial dan ekonomi akibat pandemi ini. Tujuan analisis ini untuk melihat dampak dari pandemi COVID-19 pada keluarga petani/nelayan/buruh yang mempunyai anak balita . menggunakan sumber data Survey Determinan Status Gizi (SDSG) 2020. Metode analisis adalah deskriptif analitik. Jumlah responden yang dianalisis sebanyak 6866 rumah tangga dengan pekerjaan kepala keluarga sebagai petani/nelayan/buruh. Selama pandemi COVID-19 kepala keluarga menyatakan kurang mampu secara ekonomi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga (60,7%), pendapat yang lebih sedikit (80,9%), lebih sulit untuk membeli bahan pangan keluarga (63,8%), pernah menerima bantuan sosial dari pemerintah berupa uang tunai (57,4%). Pola konsumsi makanan pokok rumah tangga adalah beras (99,6 persen), untuk sumber protein yang paling banyak dikonsumsi yaitu ikan (78,4%) dan telur (70,6%). Balita yang tidak mengakses ke pelayanan kesehatan ketika sakit46,7 persen dengan alasantidak sakit parah sehingga tidak perlu berobat (75,3%)ak/menunda pemberian imunisasi dasar 17,9 persen dengan alasan lupa (18,2%). Posyandu merupakan fasilitas kesehatan yang paling banyak dikunjungi untuk mendapatkan layanan imunisasi dasar dan pemantauan pertumbuhan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2022, 45(1):11-22]

FAKTOR RISIKO UNDERWEIGHT PADA BALITA DI PERKOTAAN DAN PERDESAAN INDONESIA [ANALISIS DATA STUDI STATUS GIZI BALITA INDONESIA 2019] Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Sudikno Sudikno; Elisa Diana Julianti; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Rika Rachmawati; Yunita Diana Sari; Herianti Herianti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i1.6041

ABSTRACT The problem of underweight needs special attention because is the beginning of chronic nutritional problems such as stunting, it even can lead to death. This study aims to identify risk factors for underweight in children aged 0-59 months in urban and rural Indonesia. Using data from the 2019 Under-five child Nutritional Status Study with a cross-sectional design with a sample of 84,819 toddlers. The highest proportion of underweight children aged 24-35 months (18.9%) and 36-47 months (18.2%), male (17.6%), living in rural areas (18.8%) from the Nusa Tenggara region (26.4%) and had a history of diarrhoeal disease (19.7%). The results of multivariate analysis showed, risk of underweight among children who lived in urban and rural areas was almost the same, which is from the age group 24-35 months (AOR=2.19; 95% CI=1.93-2.50) and (AOR=1.99; 95%CI=1.76–2.26); male (AOR=1.18; 95%CI=1.66–2.15) and (AOR=1.18; 95%CI=1.12-1.24); from the Nusa Tenggara region (AOR =1.89; 95%CI = 1.66-2.15) and (AOR=2.05; 95%CI=1.87-2.26) but children under five in rural areas have extra risk which was a history of diarrhoeal disease (AOR=1.37; 95%CI=1.18-1.58). The risk factors for underweight in under-five children in urban and rural areas are in the age of 24-35 months, male and from the Nusa Tenggara region. The difference is the history of diarrhoeal disease in rural areas. A history of suffering from diarrhoea increases the risk of underweight in children. It is necessary to increase knowledge related to the nutritional needs of children and explore the main causes of nutritional problems based on regional conditions. Keywords: underweight, under-five children, urban and rural ABSTRAK Masalah underweight perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus karena berat badan kurang (gizi kurang/ buruk) merupakan permulaan masalah gizi kronis seperti pendek (stunted) bahkan jika dibiarkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko underweight pada balita usia 0-59 bulan di perkotaan dan perdesaan Indonesia. Menggunakan data hasil Studi Status Gizi Balita Tahun 2019 dengan desain potong lintang pada balita usia 0 – 59 bulan di Indonesia dengan jumlah sampel 84.819 balita. Proporsi balita yang mengalami underweight terbanyak pada kelompok umur 24-35 bulan (18,9%) dan 36-47 bulan (18,2%), laki-laki (17,6%), tinggal di perdesaan (18,8%) berasal dari regional Nusa Tenggara (26,4%) dan memiliki riwayat penyakit diare (19,7%). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan risiko underweight pada balita yang tinggal di perkotaan dan perdesaan relatif sama yaitu dari kelompok umur 24 – 35 bulan (AOR= 2,19; 95%CI= 1,93-2,50) dan (AOR= 1,99; 95%CI= 1,76 – 2,26); laki-laki (AOR= 1,18; 95%CI= 1,66 – 2,15) dan (AOR= 1,18; 95%CI = 1,12-1,24); dari regional Nusa Tenggara (AOR= 1,89; 95%CI= 1,66 - 2,15) dan (AOR= 2,05; 95%CI= 1,87 – 2,26) tetapi balita di wilayah perdesaan memiliki faktor risiko tambahan yaitu riwayat penyakit diare (AOR= 1,37; 95%CI= 1,18 - 1,58). Faktor risiko underweight pada balita di perkotaan dan perdesaan yaitu berada pada kelompok umur 24 – 35 bulan, laki-laki dan dari regional Nusa Tenggara. Yang menjadi perbedaan adalah riwayat penyakit diare balita di perdesaan. Riwayat menderita diare meningkatkan risiko underweight pada balita yang tinggal di wilayah perdesaan. Peningkatan pengetahuan terkait kebutuhan gizi pada balita dan penggalian penyebab utama masalah gizi berdasarkan kondisi wilayah perlu dilakukan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2022, 45(1):47-58]

STUDI KUALITATIF PELAKSANAAN PEMANTAUAN PERTUMBUHAN ANAK BALITA DI POSYANDU DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG Aditianti Aditianti; Erna Luciasari; Yurista Permanasari; Elisa Diana Julianti; Meda Permana
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 41 No. 1 (2018): PGM VOL 41 NO 1 TAHUN 2018
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v41i1.1859

ABSTRACT Integrated health service (Posyandu) is one form of strategic health effort, which provides public health services. One of the posyandu function is as promotion media and growth monitoring of children under five. The purpose of this research was to know the implementation of child growth monitoring at posyandu level in Bandung district. This was an operational studies with qualitative design.Data were collected by depth interview, focus group discussion, and observation. The population of this research were all of the institution that responsible of nutrition surveillance. There were Regencies District Health Office, Primary Health Center (Puskesmas), and Posyandu, in Bandung District, West Java. This research is operational research with qualitatif design. Colected data used with indepth interview, focus group discusion and observasi. Indepth interview used to offices, health workers from two community health centers, and village officials. Group discussions were conducted on cadres and mothers of underfives children. This research show posyandu activities have been going well but have not implemented monitoring function of child growth. Plot weight were not doing well in KMS, interpretation of child growth were still unsuitable, and counseling had not done well. Repositioning of posyandu is needed as a means of growth monitoring children under five years and efforts to increase knowledge about routine growth monitoring for health workers and cadres. Keyword: growth monitoring, integrated health service, under five years old Abstrak Pos pelayanan terpadu (Posyandu) merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya kesehatan yang strategis, yang menyediakan layanan kesehatan masyarakat. Salah satu fungsi posyandu adalah sebagai media promosi dan pemantauan pertumbuhan anak umur bawah lima tahun (balita). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pemantauan pertumbuhan balita di tingkat posyandu di Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian operasional dengan desain kualitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terarah. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan kepada petugas di dinas kesehatan kabupaten, tenaga kesehatan dari dua pukesmas terpilih, dan aparat desa. Diskusi kelompok dilakukan pada kader dan ibu balita, dan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan posyandu sudah berjalan baik namun belum melaksanakan fungsi pemantauan pertumbuhan balita. Masih banyak yang tidak melakukan plot hasil penimbangan pada KMS (kartu menuju sehat), interpretasi terhadap perubahan berat badan belum dilakukan dengan benar dan konseling yang belum berjalan baik. Perlu dilakukan reposisi posyandu sebagai sarana pemantauan pertumbuhan balita dan upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pemantauan pertumbuhan secara rutin bagi tenaga kesehatan dan kader. [Penel Gizi Makan 2018, 41(1):41-54] Kata kunci: pemantauan pertumbuhan, pos pelayanan terpadu, bawah lima tahun (balita)

ASUPAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO DAN MIKRO PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU RAWAT JALAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH TERAPI FASE INTENSIF DISERTAI KONSELING GIZI Made Dewi Susilawati; Yunita Diana Sari; Rika Rachmawati; Elisa Diana Julianti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 41 No. 1 (2018): PGM VOL 41 NO 1 TAHUN 2018
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v41i1.1860

ABSTRACT The highest tuberculosis (TB) mortality and morbidity occured in developing countries, including Indonesia. In terms of nutrition, WHO expects TB research conducted nationwide to provide scientific evidence that all important tuberculosis patients are assessed nutritional status and given nutritional counseling in all health facilities. There also need an operational standard in the treatment of malnutrition due to TB. The aims of this study were to identify nutrient intake and blood micronutrient level in TB patients before and after 2 months of therapy with nutritional counseling. The pre-experimental pretest posttest 1 group study was conducted in 10 Puskesmas in Bogor District in 68 pulmonary tuberculosis patients aged 15-55 years. Primary data were collected through interviews, anthropometric measurements and laboratory checks. Results of BTA examination showed that most patients were TB patients with BTA 1 + 49.1% and 35.8% with BTA 3 +, the rest of BTA 2+ and scanty. There were significant differences in macro and micronutrient intake before and after intensive phase therapy accompanied by nutritional counseling (p <0.05). The levels of retinol, selenium, vitamin D and vitamin E in the blood also showed significant differences before and after intensive phase therapy (p <0.05). The macro and micronutrient intake after intensive phase therapy was higher than before. Most of patients experienced an increase in dietary intake in almost all food group, as well as micronutrient levels (retinol, selenium, vitamin D and vitamin E) in the blood increased after intensive phase therapy with nutrition counseling. Keyword: nutrition intake, pulmonary tuberculosis, nutrition counseling ABSTRAK Angka kesakitan dan kematian TB tertinggi ada di negara berkembang, termasuk di Indonesia. Dari segi nutrisi, WHO mengharapkan penelitian TB yang dilakukan di seluruh negara dapat memberikan bukti ilmiah bahwa semua pasien TB penting dinilai status gizinya dan diberikan konseling gizi di semua sarana kesehatan dan perlunya ditetapkan standar operasional dalam penanganan malnutrisi akibat TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi asupan gizi dan kadar mikronutrien pasien TB sebelum dan sesudah terapi 2 bulan dengan konseling gizi. Desain penelitian pra-eksperimental pretest posttest 1 kelompok dilakukan di 10 Puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor pada 68 pasien TB paru, berusia antara 15-55 tahun. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, pengukuran antropometri dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Hasil pemeriksaan BTA menunjukkan bahwa pasien terbanyak adalah pasien TB dengan BTA 1 + sebesar 49,1 % dan 35,8 % dengan BTA 3 + sisanya BTA 2+ dan scanty. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada asupan makro dan mikronutrien sebelum dan setelah terapi fase intensif yang disertai konseling gizi (p<0.05). Kadar retinol, selenium, vitamin D dan vitamin E dalam darah juga menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah terapi fase intensif (p<0.05). Rerata asupan makro dan mikronutrien sesudah terapi fase intensif lebih tinggi dibandingkan sebelum terapi. Sebagian besar pasien mengalami peningkatan pola konsumsi makan pada hampir semua golongan bahan makanan, begitu juga dengan kadar mikronutrien (retinol, selenium, vitamin D dan vitamin E) dalam darah mengalami peningkatan sesudah terapi fase intensif yang telah disertai konseling gizi. Kata kunci: asupan gizi, tuberkulosis paru, konseling gizi

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