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Geochemical Characterization of Coal, Carbonaceous Shale, and Marine Shale As Source Rock in West Sulawesi, Indonesia Yarra Sutadiwiria; Muhammad Burhannudinnur; Moehammad Ali Jambak; Cahyaningratri Prima Riyandhani; Yeftamikha Yeftamikha
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.3.303-314

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.3.303-314The eastern part of the Makassar Strait has not achieved significant success in the petroleum exploration stage. In general, exploration wells in this area have not found hydrocarbons to date. Most of the problems experienced by these wells are geochemical-related, including the absence of a source rock where the hydrocarbon is formed, immature source rock, and low volume of hydrocarbon. Therefore, this study aims to find potential Eocene source rock in West Sulawesi. It commenced by determining the paleofacies followed by the geochemical analysis of well cutting and surface samples. The geochemical analyses conducted are total organic carbon (TOC), rock eval pyrolysis (REP), kerogen type, vitrinite reflectance (VR), and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The samples that have a potential as an Eocene source rock were coal, as well as carbonaceous and marine shale. Based on the plotting of relative abundance for sterane (C27 - C29), the coal and carbonaceous shale had the input from terrestrial organic material with a contribution from marine, while marine shale had the input from marine organic material and contribution from terrestrial. Furthermore, coal and carbonaceous shale had a relatively high proportion of C29 sterane compared to C27 and C28, while marine shale had a relatively high proportion of C27 compared to C28 and C29. The higher plants also contributed to the organic matter in carbonaceous shale and coal samples, as indicated by the abundance of oleanane/C 30 hopane and the other significant content of resin biomarker. In accordance with the objectives of the study, it was found that during the Eocene, the type of source rock in the eastern side of the province varied, starting with coal and carbonaceous shale in the upper intertidal-fluviodeltaic environment, and marine shale sediments from the source facies of marine algal.
Spatial Simulation Model of Bauxite Grades Using R Data Analysis: Its Implication for Exploration Activity Rosmalia Dita Nugraheni; Dedi Sunjaya; Bronto Sutopo; Mohammad Apriniyadi; Cahyaningratri Prima Riyandhani; Imam Setiaji Ronoatmojo
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 9 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.9.3.

Abstract

DOI:10.17014/ijog.9.3.In exploration, the investigation of prospective area encounters several barriers of land ownership, budget limitation and exhausting permit procedures. To speed up the exploration activities of bauxite deposits, bauxite characteristics and grades of the gap areas should be simulated based on the available set of test pit data. This study aimed to address the limitations and optimize the exploration boundaries using R. R data analysis weaves the framework of kriging geostatistics that required information from the adjacent data. This study utilizes the geochemical data of Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 from 296 test pit sampling sites to extrapolate the blank data. The geochemical data used for R analysis were taken from bauxite horizon, while the other mineralogical properties were taken entirely from the exposed bedrock and test pit data. To verify the result of R analysis, recent data of the simulated area were used as a comparison. The R result shows the prediction value is slightly below the actual value of Al2O3. The kriging simulation of Al2O3 was correlated with test pit and mineralogical characters of samples and reveals that the predicted value of simulation closely represents the true value of Al2O3 grades. Extrapolation results of Fe2O3 and RSiO2 with regards to Al2O3 grades are suggesting that higher grade of bauxite underwent desilication and deferruginization as evidenced by a high value of Index of Lateritization. It can be inferred that this attempt points out the advantages of a quick and reliable projection of bauxite laterite deposits from the limited parameters.
POTENSI BATUAN INDUK FORMASI TALANGAKAR DAN LEMAT PENGHASIL HIDROKARBON DI CEKUNGAN SUMATRA SELATAN Riyandhani, Cahyaningratri Prima
JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN KARYA ILMIAH LEMBAGA PENELITIAN UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI Volume 7, Nomor 2, Juli 2022
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/pdk.v7i2.8425

Abstract

Terdapat beberapa formasi pada Blok Western South Sumatra Extention, Zona Musi Platform, Cekungan Sumatra Selatan tetapi hanya Formasi Lemat dan Formasi Talangakar yang akan dianalisis. Dari kedua formasi ini memiliki lingkungan pengendapan mulai dari fluvial sampai laut dangkal. Untuk Formasi Lemat terendapkan di lingkungan fluviodeltaik dan merupakan serpih yang berguna sebagai batuan induk. Formasi Talangakar yang terdiri dari batupasir, serpih dan sisipan batulanau diendapkan pada lingkungan fluvial hingga deltaik dan berperan sebagai batuan induk. Hasil analisis dari geokimia organik sampel-sampel batuan dari kedua formasi menunjukkan adanya potensi hidrokarbon yang baik dan dapat dipastikan Formasi Lemat dan Formasi Talangakar merupakan batuan induk potensial di Cekungan Sumatera Selatan.Kata Kunci: Geokimia hidrokarbon, geokimia organik, Formasi Talangakar, Cekungan Sumatera Selatan.
PENENTUAN KARAKTERISTIK GEOKIMIA BATUAN INDUK DAN PEMODELAN CEKUNGAN 1D SUMUR AFR -1 DI WILAYAH KERJA ONWJ Raffiwan, Azka Fadhillah; Sutadiwiria, Yarra; Riyandhani , Cahyaningratri Prima; Anggarini, Kinanti Sayekti
JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN KARYA ILMIAH LEMBAGA PENELITIAN UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI Volume 10, Nomor 2, Juli 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/pdk.v10i2.22869

Abstract

The study area is located in the Offshore North West Java (ONWJ) Working Area, with research conducted on the AFR-1 well. Aims: to characterize the geochemical properties of source rocks and develop a 1D burial history model of the research area. The methodology: includes analysis of organic content through Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance, and heat flow measurements on samples. The primary source rock is identified within the Talang Akar Formation. Conclusion: The research results indicate that the source rock in Well AFR-1 has a TOC content ranging from 0.15% to 63.08%, with S1 and S2 values suggesting hydrocarbon generation potential. The hydrogen index (HI) and oxygen index (OI) reveal a dominance of Type II/III kerogen, indicating the ability to generate both oil and gas. Thermal maturity based on Tmax shows that the source rock has entered the oil and gas window. 1D basin modeling using geochemical data from Well AFR-1 demonstrates that the Talang Akar Formation, composed of shale, sandstone, and coal lithologies, can act as a source rock, with hydrocarbon expulsion in the Deltaic Talang Akar Formation beginning at 2.26 Ma (Pleistocene). This study provides deeper insights into the source rock potential and its implications for hydrocarbon exploration in the ONWJ (Offshore Northwest Java) working area.
Thermal Maturation Trend and Cluster Validation Using K-Means Clustering: Case Study in Salawati Basin Muhartanto, Arista; Sutadiwiria, Yarra; Mordekhai, Mordekhai; Ronoatmojo, Imam Setiaji; Riyandhani, Cahyaningratri Prima; Burhannudinnur, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.11.1.111-122

Abstract

In the last few years, exploration activities have experienced obstacles and have not attracted much attention from researchers in Indonesia. One of the basins in Indonesia that is still interesting is Salawati Basin in West Papua, Indonesia. Several studies related to petroleum systems have been carried out in this basin, especially those that control the migration of hydrocarbon in Salawati Basin. This research was conducted on three wells located in the western of Salawati Basin to evaluate the characteristics and the maturity of the source rock, especially the Sirga Formation. This formation is penetrated by wells MM-02, MM-03, and MM-04, by using the K-Means Clustering method to validate several parameter variations of the maturity level. K-means cluster performs data from various parameters of maturity level with predefined three numbers of cluster. The thermal evolution of source rocks can alter organic matter physical and chemical properties, converting it into hydrocarbon compounds. The selected maturity parameters have good sensitivity to the determination of thermal maturity including phenanthrene (P), in addition to the MPI (methylphenanthrene index) parameter which was obtained from mass chromatograms m/z 178 and m/z 192 based on the peak area of P and methylphenanthrene (MP). Based on the appearance of the crossplot, both Radke and Kvalheim Formulas show that the maturity in studied area is divided into three main zones: peak maturity zone, early maturity zone, and outliers. This study also found that increasing thermal maturity is correlativewith the increasing depth.
The Influence of Asymmetrical Formation from Makassar Basin to the Geochemical Characteristics of Mallawa Formation Sutadiwiria, Yarra; Ronoatmojo, Imam Setiaji; Fathaddin, Muhammad Taufiq; Rendy; Riyandhani, Cahyaningratri Prima; Yusuf, Ariq Haykal; Aufariq Asaria Cifa; Mordekhai; Yeftamikha; Amalia; K.Gunawan, Brahmantyo
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): JGEET Vol 10 No 03 : September (2025)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2025.10.3.22993

Abstract

A functional hydrocarbon system relies on three key elements: source rock, reservoir rock, and seal rock. These components are essential in assessing the hydrocarbon potential of a region. In South Sulawesi, the Makassar Basin shows promise for petroleum development, particularly with the Mallawa Formation an Early to Late Eocene unit serving as a potential source rock. Source rocks play a critical role in generating and storing hydrocarbons. Indonesia’s frequent oil and gas exploration activities are driven by the presence of numerous prospective hydrocarbon-bearing areas. It's crucial to recognize that source rocks typically form within sedimentary basins. The Makassar Basin, a land-based Tertiary sedimentary basin situated along western and southern Sulawesi, originated from tectonic activity, specifically the widening of the Makassar Strait, which began no later than the Early Paleocene. This tectonic evolution significantly affected the thermal maturation of the basin’s source rocks. This study applies geochemical analysis of cutting samples to evaluate the maturity of these rocks. The findings contribute valuable understanding to hydrocarbon exploration in South Sulawesi, a region characterized by a complex tectonic framework. The results of laboratory analyses show that sustainable hydrocarbon exploration may be possible in South Sulawesi, especially in Balangbaru Formation, which is believed to be a potential source rock, in addition to the Mallawa Formation.