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All Journal KARSA: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Keislaman (Journal of Social and Islamic Culture) Jurnal Akta Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE) Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Life and Death: Journal of Eschatology Journal of Law and Legal Reform Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Jisiera: The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations Al-battar: Jurnal Pamungkas Hukum
Gautam Kumar Jha
Assistant Professor, Centre for Chinese and Southeast Asian Studies, School of Language, Literature and Culture Studies JNU, New Delhi-110067
Religion Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Indic Elements in Indonesian Arts and Literature: Shared Heritage Between India and Indonesia Jha, Gautam Kumar
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v11i1.632

Abstract

Indic-Belt or the Greater India is the geographical region where Bharat’s knowledge tradition spread and influenced the local community in terms of language, culture, religions, practices and social values. Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia has been the region that received more Indic knowledge than any other parts of the world due to the easy accessibility to the land and sea routes. This Indic influence is visible in many art forms and folklore due to a long period of rules of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms. This study aims at exploring the presence of Indic elements in Indonesian artworks, old buildings and folklore. This paper is based on a qualitative descriptive study in which the data was collected through literature study. The study found that Indian epics such as Ramayana and Mahabharata have greatly influenced the literary tradition in Indonesia, as it was present in the forms of puppets, woodcrafts, painting and batik. In addition, Indonesian-present vocabulary ”˜Esa’ (singular) to describe the concept of oneness of God came from the Sanskrit word ”˜ish’ which was carried out by the Indic permeate to Indonesia. The study suggests that with such influence of Indic culture and tradition to Indonesia, both Indonesia and India shared similar heritage and hence steps to strengthen the cultural bonds between the two nations need to be built and maintained.
Tri murti symbolism in candi prambanan: Revealing the cycle of creation, maintenance, and dissolution in hindu cosmology Wika, I Made; Jha, Gautam Kumar; Seriadi, Siluh Nyoman
Life and Death: Journal of Eschatology Vol. 2 No. 2: (January) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/lad.v2i2.2025.1471

Abstract

Background: Prambanan Temple, as a world cultural heritage site, is a silent witness of the Tri Murti worship in Hinduism. Tri Murti, which consists of Brahma (Creator), Vishnu (Preserver), and Shiva (Redeemer), is represented by three main temples in the Prambanan Temple complex, namely Shiva Temple, Vishnu Temple, and Brahma Temple. This research aims to reveal the symbolism of Tri Murti in Prambanan Temple and its relationship with the Hindu cosmological cycle that includes creation, maintenance, and dissolution. Methods: The approach used is qualitative with analytical descriptive method, which examines the architectural structure and arrangement of the three main temples as a representation of the cycle of the universe. Findings: The results show that the arrangement and selection of the three temples illustrate the concept of Hindu cosmology related to the three stages of the life of the universe. This discovery not only confirms the spiritual significance of Prambanan Temple as a place of worship of Tri Murti but also enriches our understanding of Hindu teachings in the context of architecture and space. Conclusions: Tri Murti worship at Prambanan Temple makes an important contribution to the theory of Hindu cosmology and has significant implications for the preservation of Hindu culture and religious practices in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study reveals the unique connection between Tri Murti symbolism and the Hindu cosmological cycle in Prambanan's architecture, which has been rarely explored in previous research.
Raising Public Legal Awareness in the Digital Age: Global Practices and Indonesia’s Path Forward Serah, Yenny Aman; Jha, Gautam Kumar; Purwanto; Sirait, Resmaya Agnesia Mutiara; Astono, Agustinus
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January, 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v6i1.19654

Abstract

This article explores the utilization of digital technology to enhance public legal awareness from a comparative global perspective. In the digital era, technology has become a significant tool for expanding access to legal information and empowering individuals to understand their legal rights and obligations. This study analyzes various global practices, including digital initiatives such as law-based mobile applications, e-learning platforms, social media-based legal awareness campaigns, and online legal aid systems. Furthermore, the article evaluates the necessary legal reforms to effectively support the use of digital technology in legal contexts, with a focus on Indonesia. By comparing approaches in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Scandinavian nations, this research provides recommendations to strengthen inclusive and equitable digital legal awareness strategies. The article underscores the importance of technological innovation in fostering a legally informed society and supporting legal transformation in the digital age.
Community Policing Enactment in Crime Prevention at South Jakarta Santoso, Edi; Sumantri, Gumilar; Dharma, Surya; Purnomo, Hadi; Jha, Gautam Kumar; Insani, Nursolihi
KARSA Journal of Social and Islamic Culture Vol. 33 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Community policing, a proactive crime prevention strategy, faces unique challenges in apartment-based urban environments like South Jakarta's Kalibata City Apartment complex. These communities are characterized by higher levels of individualism and lower social cohesion, making it difficult to establish effective community-police partnerships. The study, involving 360 randomly selected residents, found that the social fabric of apartment communities lacks the integration necessary for successful community-policing partnerships. The study also highlighted the socio-spatial characteristics of apartment complexes, such as high population density and vertical living arrangements, which significantly shape the feasibility and outcomes of community policing initiatives. This research contributes to the broader discourse on urban policing by identifying key gaps in existing practices and emphasizing the need for context-sensitive approaches.
Strengthening Democratic Values Through Public Information Services: The Role Of Regional PPID Officials In Cilegon City Ibrohim, Ibrohim; Ali, Muhammad; Casnika, Casnika; Jha, Gautam Kumar
al-Battar: Jurnal Pamungkas Hukum Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : Yayasan Cendekia Gagayunan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63142/al-battar.v2i2.342

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explain the role of the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) of the Regional Public Agency in Cilegon City, Banten Province, the Cilegon City public agency which consists of the PPID of the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) which carries out executive functions in the region. In its history, the Cilegon City Government in 2019 had the lowest score in delivering information, namely with a score of 60.34 with a fairly informative qualification from all cities and districts in Banten Province, but in 2023 it was ranked 3rd after Serang Regency, this indicates the need for efforts to strengthen the role of PPID especially in Cilegon City. The method used in this study uses normative legal research, namely by using a data analysis approach with a study of statutory regulations (statute approach), the data analysis used is by using descriptive analysis, namely analyzing statutory regulations and comparing them with legal events based on their implementation. The results of the study explain that the role of PPID is very important to support information and documentation in the regions, especially the city of Cilegon, and the consequences for PPID public bodies that do not convey information transparently can have legal consequences, the legal settlement process can be carried out in two ways, namely through litigation and non-litigation.
TANTANGAN KOMUNITAS MUSLIM DI INGGRIS PASCA GERAKAN BRITISH EXIT (BREXIT) Wisnu Pratama, Muhammad Rafi; Yumitro, Gonda; Jha, Gautam Kumar
Jisiera: The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Jisiera Volume 7, April, 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Islamic Studies and International Relations Association (Insiera)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10901995

Abstract

This article discusses the challenges and dynamics faced by the Muslim community in England after the British Exit (Brexit) movement. The implications of Brexit for the Muslim community are very relevant and important to research. In this study, the author analyzes the challenges faced by the Muslim community in England after the Brexit referendum in several main aspects. First, the author examines the political rhetoric associated with Brexit and how it may influence perceptions and attitudes towards Muslims in society. Second, the author evaluates the changing dynamics of Muslim immigration in England and its challenges to the condition of the Muslim community in England. In collecting the data needed for this article, the author conducted a literature study using Harzing, Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis, and other journal sources and trusted website channels. The data analysis method in this article uses qualitative data analysis, where this model analysis is related to data in the form of words or sentences produced from the research object and related to events surrounding a research object. The main findings of this research show that Brexit has presented new challenges and dynamics for the Muslim community in the UK. The political rhetoric associated with Brexit has increased rates of intolerance and discrimination against Muslims in society. In addition, changes in immigration policy that occurred after Brexit had a negative impact on access and stigma for Muslim immigrants.
Embodying the divine in Bali gender, ritual authority, and the politics of representation in Hindu Jero, Ni Wayan Jemiwi; Jha, Gautam Kumar; Kashiwa, Miki; Paul, Sanghati
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 1: (October) 2025
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i1.2025.2306

Abstract

Background: This article examines how women's bodies serve as a medium for divine power, or Śakti (transcendent feminine power), in Balinese Hindu rituals, to explain the articulation of religious authority and gender representation within patriarchal customary structures. Conceptually, this study draws on literature concerning ritual embodiment, religion as material practice, and community-based gender activism, which shows that religious authority arises from the performativity of sanctity embedded in social relations. Methods: The methods used include religious ethnography with participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and the documentation of rituals performed by female leaders such as Jero Mangku Istri and Jero Balian, as well as an in-depth case study of a female priest who her community has recognized since childhood as a medium for the goddess Danu. Finding: Women are not merely ritual performers but key actors who materialize and mediate the divine through movement, voice, and spiritual service; their authority is often not formally institutionalized but gains spiritual and symbolic legitimacy through communal recognition. These results align with the framework of ritual and material religion: transcendent experiences, the performativity of sanctity, and social networks work together to shape women's religious authority despite structural male domination. Conclusion: In conclusion, women's bodies become a field of negotiation between the sacred and the profane as well as a source of effective religious authority at the practical level. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in its empirical demonstration of how women's bodies as mediums of Śakti generate community-recognized authority despite not being formalized, as well as in its integration of religious ethnography with the framework of materialization and religion to map the dynamics of gender and power in contemporary Balinese Hinduism.
Beyond the Classroom: A Comprehensive Analysis of Teacher Personality Competence, Parenting Styles, and Their Joint Influence on the Character Formation in Junior High School Education Rakhmah, Rafika; Niron, Maria Dominika; Jha, Gautam Kumar
Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE) Vol. 6, No. 2, May 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/ijolae.v6i2.23142

Abstract

The formation of students' character is crucial in today's educational landscape for advancing the nation's character. Several factors affecting the formation of students' character include the personality competence of teachers and parental upbringing patterns. This research aims to determine the effect of a teacher's personality competence and parenting styles on the formation of students' character. This study was quantitative research conducted using a survey method. This research population used students from two junior high schools in Sungai Loban District, Tanah Bumbu Regency. The sampling technique used nonprobability sampling with type purposive random sampling. The sample used in this research consisted of 150 students. The sampling technique used was random sampling. Data analysis techniques included descriptive data analysis, data prerequisite testing, and multiple linear regression analysis. The research results indicate a positive and significant effect between teachers' personality competence and parenting styles on forming students' character, resulting in 38.4%. It suggests that the better the teacher's personality competence and the parenting styles implemented by parents, the better the students' character formation.
Reformulation of Commercial Court Authority Regulations Relation to the Arbitration Clause Al-Anshori, Huzaimah; Handayani, Emi Puasa; Jha, Gautam Kumar
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Contemporary Global Issues on Law Reform, Legal Certainty, and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.vol5i1.2144

Abstract

The issue of jurisdiction in dispute resolution within the Commercial Court arises when the contract designates an arbitration clause as the preferred mechanism for resolving disputes. In the contractual agreement between PT. Swadaya Graha and PT. Rayon Utama Makmur (RUM), the chosen forum for dispute resolution is stipulated to be the National Arbitration Board (BANI). However, concurrently, there is a proposal for dispute resolution within the Commercial Court framework concerning defaulted debt and receivable disputes in PKPU case number 45/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2020/PN Niaga Smg. This has engendered a legal debate centring on the application of the "lex specialist derogat legi general" principle among the Arbitration Law, the Bankruptcy Law, and PKPU, with regard to the absolute jurisdiction of institutions authorized to examine, decide, and adjudicate incidents of defaulted debt and receivable disputes within the legal relationship between the PKPU Petitioner and the Respondent. The PKPU process is structured within a contract that includes an arbitration clause as the designated dispute resolution mechanism. Given the complications and hurdles posed by these issues, there is a pressing need for legal certainty in the future. Furthermore, there has been a conflict of norms between the Arbitration Law the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU, as evidenced in PKPU case number 45/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2020/PN Niaga Smg. Hence, a reformulation of the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU regulations is essential to harmonize them with evolving norms and address emerging issues. A vital aspect of this reformulation involves the potential removal or replacement of Article 303 of the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU.
Legal Reconstruction in Risk-Based Business Licensing Procedures for Indonesia’s Economic Growth Kunarto, Kunarto; Jha, Gautam Kumar
JURNAL AKTA Vol 9, No 4 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v9i4.35399

Abstract

Economic development is the most important thing in the nation’s progress because the community’s welfare is one indicator of the success of the development. Therefore, one of the government’s efforts in economic development is to prepare good legal instruments in the form of licensing regulations. Licensing is an instrument of government policy to control negative externalizations that social and economic activities may cause. Through Government Regulation No. 24 of 2018 concerning Electronically Integrated Business Licensing Services, all forms of business, including in the regions, must go through the OSS system. However, there are still many problems in its implementation. This paper describes the implementation of risk-based licensing through the OSS system in growing the Indonesian economy. In addition, this paper will describe the challenges, obstacles, and solutions to overcome these problems. The results showed that implementing risk-based licensing through the OSS system went well and received a positive response from the community, especially business actors. Online-based licensing management can reduce time, cost, and effort. Then to overcome these obstacles, the government continues to strive and improve, including monitoring, infrastructure development, mentoring, and enhancing human resources.
Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Agustinus Astono Al-Anshori, Huzaimah Badri, Taha Ibrahim Casnika, Casnika Edi Santoso Emi Puasa Handayani Gonda Yumitro Hadi Purnomo Harun Joko Prayitno Ibrohim Insani, Nursolihi Jamaludin, Norliza Jero, Ni Wayan Jemiwi Kashiwa, Miki Kunarto Maria Dominika Niron MUHAMMAD ALI Paul, Sanghati Purwanto Rakhmah, Rafika Resmaya Agnesia Mutiara Sirait Seriadi, Siluh Nyoman Sumantri, Gumilar Surya Dharma Wika, I Made Wisnu Pratama, Muhammad Rafi Yenny AS