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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Planta Tropika Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Keperawatan Widya Gantari Indonesia
Ani Widiastuti, Ani
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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METODE ISOLASI PYRICULARIA ORYZAE PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BLAS PADI Wicaksono, Danar; Wibowo, Arif; Widiastuti, Ani
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 17, No 1 (2017): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (235.481 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11762-69

Abstract

Isolation method of Pyricularia oryzae the causal agent of rice blast disease. Rice blast disease is a disease that reduces rice productivity and threatens global food reserves. The study of diversity and distribution of race fungal causing rice blast disease required a fungal isolates collection from different places and times. One of the challenges in collecting these fungi is the difficulty of isolation process. The purpose of this research was to study the proper isolation method of rice blast pathogen. The most appropriate isolation method of Pyricularia oryzae was to moisten the infected panicle, place on moist filter paper in a petri dish, and incubate plate for 2 days at room temperature under fluorescent lamp. Afterward, conidium was picked using sterile needle and transfered to potato dextrose agar without lactic acid.
Detection and Identification of Polymorphism in Mutant Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) Plants Based on Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences Molecular Markers Aristya, Ganies Riza; Ayundai, Melin; Putri, Fauzana; Widiastuti, Ani; Kasiamdari, Rina Sri
PLANTA TROPIKA: Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science) Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.2020.109.15-20

Abstract

Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) has a high economic value and various benefits, but the production of strawberry plants in Indonesia is still low in terms of both quantity and quality. Strawberry plant breeding can be done in various techniques, one of which is polyploidization. Polyploidization by an induction of colchicine at various concentrations in strawberry crops cv. California and Festival resulted in superior phenotype characteristics. To prove the existence of a change in ploidy in strawberry, then research at the molecular level needs to be done. The purposes of this study were to find out changes in ploidy of strawberry plants using CAPS molecular markers and to detect the polymorphism in strawberry plants quickly. The samples used were young leaves. Main procedure was the cutting of the amplified DNA using restriction enzymes of TaqI and HaeIII. The results showed that CAPS molecular markers were capable of detecting polymorphism quickly and efficiently in strawberry plants. Specific bands among strawberry plants having undergone polyploidization and those not having undergone polyploidization can be seen on the differences in monomorphic or polymorphic bands between the control plants and treated plants. 
Pythium ultimum dan Phytoppythium vexans, Patogen Potensial yang Diisolasi dari Risosfer Kentang di Jawa Tengah Indonesia Karmila, Miratun; Widiastuti, Ani; Wibowo, Arif; Suryanti, Suryanti
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 5 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.18.5.187-194

Abstract

Phytophthora dan Pythium merupakan kelompok Oomycetes yang banyak berasosiasi dengan penyakit pada tanaman kentang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi Oomycetes yang berasosiasi dengan rizosfer kentang yang menunjukkan gejala penyakit hawar daun. Empat isolat berhasil dikoleksi dari empat wilayah sentra pertanaman kentang di Jawa Tengah (isolat UGM_St_TM, UGM_St_BK , UGM_St_BNJ , dan UGM_St_KJ berturut-turut dari Temanggung, Bakal, Banjarnegara dan Kejajar) dan satu isolat UGM_St_NG koleksi dari Laboratorium Ilmu Penyakit Tumbuhan. Identifikasi molekuler dari semua isolat dilakukan menggunakan penanda gen internal transscribed spacer (ITS1/ITS4), Nuclear large-ribosomal subunit (LSU), dan cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COX1). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, isolat UGM_St_TM, UGM_St_BK, dan UGM_St_BNJ teridentifikasi sebagai Phythium ultimum sedangkan isolat UGM_St_KJ dan UGM_St_NG teridentifikasi sebagai Phytopythium vexans.
Exploration, Screening, and Application of Silica Solubilizing Bacteria and Silica Fertilizer to Suppress Fusarium Wilt Disease in Abaca Werdiningtyas, Cyrilla Kinanti; Wibowo, Arif; Subandiyah, Siti; Widiastuti, Ani
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 3 (2023): Mei 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.3.111-117

Abstract

Exploration, Screening, and Application of Silica Solubilizing Bacteria and Silica Fertilizer to Suppress Fusarium Wilt Disease in Abaca Abaca (Musa textilis) is producing high quality natural fibre with the main problem is fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4. The study aims to obtain silica solubilizing bacteria (SSB), determine the role of SSB and silica fertilizer to inhibit fusarium and to stimulate plant growth. Six isolates of SSB were obtained from healthy abaca rhizosphere, three of them had antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4. The four treatments tested showed no different severity of fusarium wilt. Likewise, the four treatments did not show any difference in the observed growth variables. Silica solubilizing bacteria and silica fertilizer have not been able to control F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4. Therefore, abaca proved to be susceptible to F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4.
Keragaman Rhizomikrobiom Bawang Merah dan Penekanan Penyakit Moler dengan Perlakuan Bacillus spp. dan Trichoderma asperellum Sundari, Dini; Wibowo, Arif; Joko, Tri; Widiastuti, Ani; Pustika, Arlyna Budi
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 4 (2023): Juli 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.4.156-165

Abstract

Twisted disease (Fusarium spp.) is an endemic disease that reduces shallot production in the coastal land area of Samas, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The application of Bacillus spp. can suppress the twisted disease by secreting secondary metabolites and enhancing soil suppressiveness. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of adding spraying Bacillus spp. on the disease incidence, production of shallots, and their effect on the diversity of rhizomicrobiome by culture microbe approaches. Bacillus spp. with a density 108 cfu mL-1, Trichoderma asperellum 106 cfu mL-1 was applied by spraying to the shallot. Fungicide chlorothalonil, propiconazole, and prochloraz were used to control the disease. The diversity of rhizobacteria and fungi was analyzed using the ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) method. Based on the analysis result, the addition of spraying B. velezensis B-27, combination B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76, and T. asperellum was unable to enhance the suppression of twisted disease, but it was able to enhance the production of shallot bulbs reaching 7.10, 7.80, and 8.43 ton ha-1. Furthermore, the result revealed the diversity of the rhizomicrobiome, spraying Bacillus sp. showed 39% differences in bacterial diversity with control while T. asperellum caused 43% difference in the diversity. Spraying Bacillus spp. has not been able to suppress the incidence of twisted diseases compared to control. However, the similar disease incidence on a spraying Bacillus spp. and control showed a higher production until 70% compared to control. This result showed that the addition of spraying Bacillus spp. able to increase the tolerance of shallot plants toward twisted disease.
Potensi Minyak Kayu Putih dan Minyak Serai Dapur dalam Menekan Faktor Virulensi Bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae: Potensi Minyak Kayu Putih dan Minyak Serai Dapur dalam Menekan Faktor Virulensi Bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Alifia Nur Ayusma; Triwidodo Arwiyanto; Widiastuti, Ani
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 4 (2024): Juli 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.4.195-203

Abstract

Penyakit hawar daun yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit yang penting pada tanaman padi dan dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil mencapai 10-50%. Upaya pengendalian penyakit hawar daun bakteri pada tanaman padi dengan minyak kayu putih dan minyak serai dapur belum banyak dilaporkan. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengevaluasi daya hambat dan penekanan faktor virulensi dari minyak kayu putih dan minyak serai dapur terhadap Xoo kode isolat BaK_2 secara in vitro. Pengujian daya hambat dilakukan dengan metode double layer. Pengujian faktor virulensi dilakukan terhadap pembentukan biofilm, pembentukan eksopolisakarida (EPS), serta motilitas X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minyak kayu putih maupun minyak serai dapur dapat menghambat pertumbuhan X. oryzae pv. oryzae secara in vitro. Potensi minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) pada masing-masing yaitu 15% pada minyak kayu putih dan 5% pada minyak serai dapur. Faktor virulensi pada tiga pengujian, menunjukkan bahwa minyak kayu putih dan minyak serai dapur tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pembentukan biofilm, namun dapat menurunkan pembentukan EPS dan mampu membuat pergerakan bakteri minimum inhibitory concentration menjadi terbatas baik secara swimming motility maupun secara twitching motility.
Incidence of twisted disease and cultivation practice of shallot farmers in Bantul coastal area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Wibowo, Arif; Santika, Islaminati Anna; Syafitri, Luthfiana Mifta; Widiastuti, Ani; Subandiyah, Siti; Harper, Stephen
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 23 No. 1 (2023): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.12323-30

Abstract

Shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum L.) is an important commodity in horticulture and Indonesian foods. In Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, shallot twisted diseases caused by Fusarium spp. significantly reduced yield quality and quantity. Supportive condition for plant-pathogen interaction needed for twisted disease development. This research aimed to measure the twisted disease incidence and observe the cultivation practice applied by shallot farmers in the Bantul coastal area as environmental aspects of the twisted disease to be a pre-study for further research on metagenomic analysis. This research had conducted in three sub-villages with different agroecosystems in the coastal area: Sono, Samiran, and Depok. Data were collected in shallot cultivation period in dry and rainy seasons from three farmers of each area. The higher disease incidence in the rainy season occurred in the Samiran sub-village at 33.97%, while in the dry season, disease incidence occurred in the Depok sub-village at 20.14%. Sono sub-village had the lowest disease incidence in rainy and dry seasons at 12.44% and 0%. Farmer cultivation practice may drive disease incidence due to environmental factors such as shallot variety, spacing between plants, fertilizer, and fungicides. Hence, further study is needed to understand plant-pathogen interaction with metagenomics through samples from 2 and 6 WAP in rainy seasons.
Response of five shallot varieties applied with Bacillus spp. against twisted disease Pratiwi, Annisa Hasta; Wibowo, Arif; Joko, Tri; Widiastuti, Ani; Subandiyah, Siti
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 1 (2024): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.12417-27

Abstract

The use of several shallot varieties applied with the biological agent Bacillus spp. is one of the most developed methods of controlling twisted disease, as it is safe and efficient. The large number of shallot varieties released to farmers requires the selection of varieties with the best resistance response to twisted disease. This study aimed to determine the different responses between five local shallot varieties treated with a combination of Bacillus velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76 against the twisted disease. This study was conducted in a greenhouse and on the field using Tajuk, Bima Brebes, Bauji, Crok Kuning, and Manjung varieties, which were dipped and sprayed with a B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76. The treatment of B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76 on five varieties showed a good response to suppressing twisted disease. The twisted disease incubation period in five varieties treated with the combination of B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76 showed a slower result than the control, the disease incidence and intensity could be reduced by 70 90%. The best resistance response of varieties treated with the combination of B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76 was shown by Tajuk compared to the other four varieties.
In Vitro Evaluation on Resistance of Phytopythium vexans (NG Isolate) Cultured from Sublethal Concentration against Several Fungicides Santika, Islaminati Anna; Wibowo, Arif; Suryanti, Suryanti; Sumardiyono, Christanti; Widiastuti, Ani
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 27, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.73045

Abstract

Phytopythium vexans isolated from potatoes rhizospher in Ngablak, Magelang, Central Java was reported having a potency to cause potato tuber rot in in vitro test. Some fungicides had been intensively applied in this area to control potato late blight even using sublethal dose. This study investigated resistance response of the pathogen against several fungicides which were Mancozeb, Dimethomorph, mixture of Mancozeb and Mefenoxam, and mixture of Oxathiapiprolin and Famoxadone. The experiment was conducted to observe the sensitivity response of pathogen against those fungicide and the experiment repeated with one of the isolates which growth in sublethal concentration to observe the resistance response. Both experiment data was analyzed by Probit Analysis. On sentivity test, data showed that P. vexans were insensitive against Dimethomorph, but it was sensitive against Mancozeb, mixture of Mancozeb and Mefenoxam, as well as mixture of Oxathiapiprolin and Famoxadone. On Mancozeb treatment, mycelia were inhibited 100% at the sugested concentration. However, at the sublethal concentration the mycelial collony grew abnormally. Pathogen isolate from the sublethal concentration were used as material for the resistance response study. The effect of the sublethal application of Mancozeb to P. vexans caused resistance to Mancozeb itself and cross resistance against Dimetomorph and mixture of Oxathiapiprolin and Famoxadone. It was proven by higher value of predicted EC50 and EC95 on the second experiment compared to the predicted EC50 and EC95 from the first one. The resistant P. vexans isolate was able to produce sporangium and chlamydospore.
Effect of Biocontrol Agent (Bacillus and Mycorrhizal Fungi) Application against Twisted Disease (Fusarium spp.) in Off-Season Shallot Production Wibowo, Eko Prasetyo; Widiastuti, Ani; Joko, Tri; Suryanti, Suryanti; Priyatmojo, Achmadi
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 26, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.75579

Abstract

The demand for shallots has increased along with the Indonesian population. To achieve shallot production goals, farmers began to plant shallots outside usual planting season. However, unfavourable environmental conditions and pest attacks are obstacles faced by farmers. The use of Biological Control Agents (BCA) is a way to improve plant growth and protect plants against plant pathogens or even abiotic stresses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of shallot plants after BCA (Bacillus and Mycorrhizal Fungi) application, especially against twisted disease during off-planting season. This research was conducted by preparing BCA isolates, applying BCA, measuring disease incidence and intensity, observing plant growth development, analyzing phenol content, and analyzing phosphate content. Results showed BCA Bacillus and mycorrhizal fungi did not inhibit Fusarium spp. infection. Agronomic measurements showed no significant difference in crown weight and root weight, but isolate B8 significantly increase the number of leaves while isolate M significantly decreased plant height. Isolates B6, B7, and M significantly reduced the total phenol content in shallot plants. Phosphate analysis on isolate M did not have significant effects on shallot plants, while BCA Bacillus and Mycorrhizal fungi application could not suppress twisted disease. Nevertheless, B8 treatment has the potential to increase shallot growth; therefore, further research must be conducted.
Co-Authors Achmadi Priyatmojo Ahmad, Yan Syahrial Alifia Nur Ayusma Arif Wibowo Arlyna Budi Pustika Ayundai, Melin Budi, Indra Christanti Sumardiyono Danar Wicaksono, Danar Elly Nurachmah Ganies Riza Aristya Harper, Stephen Karmila, Miratun Muhammad Habibullah Pratiwi, Annisa Hasta Putri, Fauzana Rahelly, Yetty Rina Sri Kasiamdari Santika, Islaminati Anna Sayfdaningsih, Sayfdaningsih Sekarsari, Rita Siti Subandiyah Sundari, Dini Suryanti Syafitri, Luthfiana Mifta Tri Joko Tri Maryono Triwidodo Arwiyanto Werdiningtyas, Cyrilla Kinanti Wibowo, Eko Prasetyo