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All Journal NUSANTARA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Komunitas: Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Jurnal Kewarganegaraan International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences Aurelia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Sahabat Sosial: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Education Religion Humanities and Multidiciplinary Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences
Oktaheroe Ramsi
Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Nursing Social Sciences Other

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Defence Industry Policy of Indonesia: A Lesson Learned from India Huliyani, Tri; Perwita, Anak Agung Banyu; Ramsi, Oktaheroe
International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences Vol 3 No 3 (2025): International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ijhess.v3i3.7509

Abstract

National defence industry self-reliance has become a strategic imperative for states globally, particularly in an international system characterized by anarchy and self-help dynamics. Within this context, the state emerges as the central actor in safeguarding its sovereignty, and the pursuit of defence industry autonomy represents a key survival strategy. This study analyzes Indonesia’s defence industry policy through the theoretical lenses of realism, the developmental state, and the triple helix framework, drawing comparative insights from India, a country widely regarded as more advanced in this sector. Both Indonesia and India are major emerging powers in the Global South with shared ambitions for defence self-reliance, yet they demonstrate divergent trajectories in institutional capacity and policy outcomes, making them suitable for comparative analysis. Employing a qualitative case study design, the research utilizes secondary data from official documents, academic literature, research institute reports, and credible media sources. The findings indicate that while Indonesia benefits from a solid legal foundation (notably Law No. 16/2012) and political commitment, its defence industrial development is hindered by limited fiscal allocations, the dominance of state-owned enterprises, underdeveloped industrial research capabilities, and weak synergy within the triple helix model. Conversely, India has advanced its defence sector through strategic initiatives such as Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat, underpinned by fiscal incentives, deregulation, increased private sector engagement, enhanced research through the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), and a well-integrated triple helix innovation ecosystem. These comparative insights underscore the need for Indonesia to reform its policy paradigm by strengthening its industrial roadmap, fostering private sector participation, enhancing government–industry–academia collaboration, and pursuing export-oriented and technology transfer strategies. Theoretically, the study contributes to the growing literature on defence industry development in emerging states; practically, it offers policy recommendations aimed at improving Indonesia’s defence industrial ecosystem, enhancing global competitiveness, and reducing import dependency through innovation-led self-reliance.
Indonesia’s Defense Diplomacy in Advancing ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) as a Regulatory Basis for ASEAN First Responder Formation Ramsi, Oktaheroe; Perwita, Anak Agung Banyu; Hendarwoto, Yermia
International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences Vol 3 No 3 (2025): International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ijhess.v3i3.7564

Abstract

Southeast Asia ranks among the most disaster-prone regions globally, owing to its complex geological features and tropical climate. In response, ASEAN established the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER), the region’s first legally binding framework for disaster management. Despite its significance, AADMER's implementation faces structural limitations, including the principle of non-interference, disparities in member state capacities, and bureaucratic delays that hinder rapid mobilization during the critical "golden time" of disaster response. This study examines Indonesia’s defense diplomacy in reinforcing AADMER as a regulatory basis for developing a regional First Responder mechanism that is timely, coordinated, and effective. Adopting a descriptive qualitative methodology, the research analyzes Indonesia’s engagement through platforms such as the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM) and ADMM-Plus, alongside the roles of key national institutions including the National Disaster Management Authority (BNPB), the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI), the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and cooperation with the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance (AHA Centre). The findings highlight Indonesia’s strategic role as a country frequently affected by disasters in advancing civil-military interoperability, joint disaster response exercises, and rapid deployment mechanisms under AADMER. Indonesia’s defense diplomacy emerges not only as a tool of traditional security but also as a form of soft power that enhances regional solidarity and institutional legitimacy. The study concludes that Indonesia’s leadership is pivotal in realizing the vision of One ASEAN, One Response through the establishment of a regulation-based, consensus-driven, and collectively operational First Responder system for the region.
Beyond Infrastructure: Personnel Capability, Power Reliability, and the Social Production of Operational Effectiveness in Border Security Suhardiyanto, I Wayan Agus; Hasudungan, Ferdinand; Ramsi, Oktaheroe
KOMUNITAS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Komunitas Volume 9 Issue 1, May 2026 (On Process)
Publisher : Jurusan Sosiologi FISIP Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/komunitasvol9issue1page38-53

Abstract

This study examines border security operational effectiveness beyond technological determinism by emphasizing its social production through personnel capability and power system reliability. Challenging policy and technical discourses that privilege infrastructure as the primary driver of performance, the study conceptualizes effectiveness as a socio-technical outcome shaped by the interaction of technology, human skills, and organizational conditions in geographically isolated regions. Using a quantitative explanatory design, data were collected from 185 personnel of outer island security task forces under Kodam XV/Pattimura. Hybrid satellite communication utilization, personnel capability, power system reliability, and communication–electronic effectiveness were measured through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings show that personnel capability exerts a strong and significant positive effect on operational effectiveness, whereas communication technology and power reliability display no significant direct effects when considered independently. However, their simultaneous interaction generates a substantial synergistic effect, explaining over 80% of the variance in effectiveness. These results indicate that infrastructure and energy systems function primarily as enabling conditions, while performance emerges from the capacity of personnel to translate technological potential into coordinated organizational action. The study contributes to socio-technical systems theory, extends organizational sociology to security institutions, and provides rare empirical evidence from peripheral state contexts in the Global South.
Keterlibatan Jepang Dalam Perang Dunia I dan Faktor dari Keberhasilan Perang Taufik Bagus Murdianto; Oktaheroe Ramsi; Syaiful Anwar
Jurnal Kewarganegaraan Vol 6 No 1 (2022): 1 Januari - 30 Juni 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31316/jk.v6i1.2424

Abstract

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana kaitan antara kemampuan negara dalam memobilisasi sumber daya nasional dengan keberhasilan perang dan bagaimana kaitannya diplomasi untuk membangun persekutuan, kekuatan berperang, dan keberhasilan perang lalu apa saja nilai/prinsip dari keterlibatan Jepang pada perang Dunia I yang dapat diambil oleh Indonesia di dalam membangun kemampuan, kekuatan, dan sistem pertahanan negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Jenis data yang digunakan data sekunder yang bersumber dari literatur ilmiah, buku maupun sumber lainnya. Hal penelitian menyatakan bahwa keunggulan Jepang dalam hal sumber daya bahwa tentara Jepang sangat terorganisir dan terstruktur, strategi yang dibuat pun efektif sehingga perbandingan jumlah tentara dengan musuh tidak menghalangi Jepang untuk mendapatkan kemenangan. Diplomasi yang dilakukan dengan bekerja sama dan bersekutu dengan Inggris. Inggris percaya bahwa Jepang mampu menjaga daerah kekuasan nya di wilayah Asia karena sebelumnya telah membuktikan kekuatannya dalam mengalahkan Rusia. Prinsip dan nilai yang dapat diikuti oleh Indonesia dengan meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas tentara sehingga tercipta kekuatan dan pertahanan negara. Selain itu, penting kiranya menjalin hubungan yang baik dengan banyak negara tanpa ada keberpihakan.Kata kunci: Perang Rusia-Jepang, Perang Dunia I, Jepang. AbstractThe purpose of this study is to find out how the relationship between the country’s ability to mobilize national resources with the success of the war and how diplomacy is related to building alliances, fighting strength, and war success. Indonesia in building the capability, strength and national defense system. The research method used is qualitative with a literature study approach. The type of data used is secondary data sourced from scientific literature, books and other sources. This research states that Japan’s superiority in terms of resources is that the Japanese army is very organized and structured, the strategy made is also effective so that the comparison of the number of troops with the enemy does not prevent Japan from getting victory. Diplomacy carried out in cooperation and alliance with the UK. Britain believed that Japan was able to maintain its territory in Asia because it had previously proven its strength in defeating Russia. Principles and values that can be followed by Indonesia by increasing the quality and quantity of the army so as to create national strength and defense. Apart from establishing good relations with many countries without taking sides.Keywords: Russo-Japanese War, World War I, Japan
Implementation Of Un Peacekeeping New Model To Enhance Konga Support For Garuda Task Force Unifil: English Sidik Purnomo; Ferdinand Hasudungan Siagian; Oktaheroe Ramsi
International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS) Vol 5 No 4 (2026): IJHESS FEBRUARY 2026
Publisher : CV. AFDIFAL MAJU BERKAH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55227/ijhess.v5i4.2135

Abstract

Indonesia’s participation in the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) demonstrates its strong commitment to international peacekeeping while functioning as a key instrument of defense diplomacy. Nevertheless, an evolving security environment and the requirements of implementing the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UN PKO) New Model demand a high degree of operational preparedness from the Garuda Contingent. This study seeks to examine the operational readiness of Satgas Garuda, evaluate the application of UN PKO New Model principles, and analyze their strategic implications for Indonesia’s defense diplomacy. A qualitative descriptive approach is employed, utilizing in-depth interviews, document review, and a SWOT analysis supported by IFAS–EFAS matrices. The results indicate that Satgas Garuda’s operational readiness is classified as high, driven by professionalism, discipline, and well-structured pre-deployment training, although challenges persist in logistical support and communication interoperability. The UN PKO New Model has been effectively implemented through CIMIC initiatives, compliance with international legal frameworks, and adaptive engagement with local contexts. From a strategic perspective, the achievements of Satgas Garuda contribute to enhancing Indonesia’s global standing and reinforcing its role in international defense diplomacy
Analisis Kesiapan Teknologi dan Integrasi Sistem Bayraktar Dalam Mendukung Peran Strategis Puspenerbad Arthur Agus Setiawan Idorway; Oktaheroe Ramsi; Sigit Purwanto
Journal of Education Religion Humanities and Multidiciplinary Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Desember 2026
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/jerumi.v4i2.8939

Abstract

The development of increasingly complex global and regional threat dynamics, including the potential for asymmetric conflict and disruption to national sovereignty, demands increased readiness of the Indonesian Army's air units, especially Puspenerbad. The Bayraktar UCAV, as part of a modern weapons system, is an important strategy in facing these challenges. This research analyzes the technological readiness and integration of the Bayraktar TB2 system in supporting the strategic role of Puspenerbad, where the level of technological readiness of the Bayraktar TB2 faces the challenges of adapting to Indonesia's tropical conditions, and integration with the TNI AD's C4ISR architecture is hampered by data protocol incompatibility between the Bayraktar system and the TNI's legacy platform, requiring AI-based middleware for real-time interoperability. The aim of the research is to identify problems that affect Bayraktar's effectiveness in supporting Puspenerbad's main tasks and to provide recommendations for increasing Bayraktar's readiness in air defense operations. The research method is qualitative with case studies and literature studies. The results show that factors such as personnel mastery of Bayraktar technology, readiness of supporting logistics, and integration in military operations are crucial elements that influence the success of Bayraktar implementation. Budget limitations, lack of technical training, and lack of maintenance facilities are the main obstacles that must be overcome. Recommendations are directed at strengthening HR training policies, modernizing defense equipment, and increasing synergy between operational units and defense research institutions. Optimizing UCAV readiness is not only a technical matter but also a long-term strategy in maintaining sovereignty and strengthening the Indonesian Army's air defense posture in the modern era.
Co-Authors Afifuddin, Mochammmad Anak Agung Banyu Perwita Arthur Agus Setiawan Idorway Ferdinand Hasudungan Siagian Harnanda, Marcellino Abel Hasudungan, Ferdinand Hendarwoto, Yermia Hendra Manurung, Hendra Huliyani, Tri Mochammad Afifuddin Moya, Luis Pannyiwi, Rahmat Pertiwi, Yuliana Anggun Purwantoro, Susilo Adi Rahmadhani, Putri Sidik Purnomo Sigit Purwanto Simamora, Yohana Meyrida Subiantoro, Yudi Suhardiyanto, I Wayan Agus Suhirwan, Suhirwan Suminar, Sekar Hesti Syaiful Anwar Taufik Bagus Murdianto Usman, Pasha Atta Yusuf Ali