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Fadjar Goembira
Universitas Andalas
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Optimization of sustainable biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using heterogeneous alkali catalyst Andrifar, M.; Goembira, Fadjar; Ulfah, Maria; Putri, Rika; Yuliarningsih, Rati; Aziz, Rizki
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 16 No 2 (2022): Volume 16, Number 2, 2022
Publisher : Jurnal Rekayasa Proses

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.74373

Abstract

The increasing world population, rapid industrialization, urbanization, and economic growth have led to a continuous increase in the consumption of fossil fuels to meet the ever-increasing demand for energy. Continuous emissions from burning fossil fuels will create a need to find appropriate and sustainable substitutes for fossil fuels. Biodiesel is the right alternative solution for diesel engines because it is renewable, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly. Waste cooking oil (WCO) from the food, non-food, restaurant, and household sectors is produced on a large scale in every country and can contribute to environmental pollution if proper disposal systems are not applied. Instead of throwing it landfills Environmental pollution can be minimized by recycling WCO. This study evaluates the potential of using WCO to produce biodiesel using zeolite synthesized from fly ash as a heterogeneous alkali catalyst through a transesterification reaction. The reactor in this study used a 1,000 ml three-necked boiling flask equipped with a condenser, cooling tank, and pump. Stirring and heating during the process of biodiesel production using a magnetic stirrer and a hot plate. The thermometer is used to measure the reaction temperature. Optimization of biodiesel production from zeolite catalyst synthesized from fly ash based on variations in the ratio of methanol: oil (8:1; 10:1; 12:1; and 14:1), catalyst weight (1, 2, 3, and 4% weight), and temperature (45 oC, 55 oC, and 65oC). Zeolite from fly ash produces biodiesel with a yield of 91.67% with optimum operating conditions reaction time of 60 minutes, methanol oil ratio of 8:1, operating temperature 55oC, and the amount of catalyst 1% by weight. This experiment confirms the possibility of utilizing fly ash waste for the application of catalysts in biodiesel production.
Synthesis of Zeolite from Fly Ash and Bottom Ash and Application for Biodiesel Transesterification Putri, Rika; Goembira, Fadjar; Ulfah, Maria; Andrifar, Muhammad; Yuliarningsih, Rati; Aziz, Rizki
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 19, No 1 (2024): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June 2024 )
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v19i1.33921

Abstract

Burning coal in a Coal-Fired Power Plant produces by-products like fly ash and bottom ash. Zeolite synthesized from the ash in Teluk Sirih Coal-Fired Power Plant was applied as a catalyst in the biodiesel transesterification reaction. Zeolite synthesis used the hydrothermal method with acid pretreatment. The operating conditions for fly ash zeolite are a 2.4-molar ratio SiO2/Al2O3 and a crystallization time of 6 hours. The bottom ash zeolite used a 2.0-molar ratio SiO2/Al2O3 and a crystallization time of 8 hours. The performance test of the synthesized catalyst was carried out in the transesterification reaction using waste cooking oil as a raw material with a free fatty acid content of 0.7%. The synthesized catalyst was characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and Bruneuer-emmet-teller. The biodiesel with the highest yield was analyzed based on SNI 7182: 2015. The synthesis results of the catalyst produced type A zeolite, shown by the typical X-ray diffraction pattern and supported by the morphological test results using a cube-shaped. The surface area of zeolite fly ash and bottom ash is 12.87 m2/g and 5.13 m2/g. The test showed fly ash zeolite had the highest biodiesel yield of 89.66%. Based on the characterization using SNI 7182: 2015, the color and free glycerol met the standards, while density 40 C, kinematic viscosity 40 C, acid number, total glycerol, methyl ester content, and water content did not meet the standards.
Sawahlunto Sang Penghasil Bahan Bakar: Mungkinkah Abadi? Goembira, Fadjar
Puitika Vol. 20 No. 3 (2024): Edisi Khusus Pemetaan dan Pendokumentasian Warisan Tambang Batu Bara Ombilin S
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/puitika.v20i3.630

Abstract

Based on a report by Van Lier (1917), it was written that the Sawahlunto community had utilized coal exposed to the surface as fuel for cooking long before the exploitation and exploration activities by the Dutch East Indies Government. The term used for the coal was charcoal tongue (daagzoom), and the community used boats on the Ombilin River to sell the commodity to South Sawahlunto. Based on historical records from PT Bukit Asam, an entity that was once the largest coal mine manager in Sawahlunto in the era of independence, the species and utilization of coal increased significantly after the discovery of coal reserves around the Ombilin River, as much as 205 million tons by Willem Hendrik de Greve in 1867. Pioneering mining was carried out by the Dutch East Indies Government in 1876 and began operating in 1891, with production records in 1892 of 48 thousand tons and peak production in 1995 of 1.2 million tons based on data from PT Bukit Asam. Of the many mining business permits (IUP) managed by several companies, both state-owned and private, several former mining areas have been appropriately reclaimed and become tourist areas. However, some former mining areas need to be appropriately managed and have turned into critical land. On the other hand, there are several mining company assets that are currently not being utilized, as well as the Ombilin Steam Power Plant (PLTU), which is still operating using coal fuel. Is it possible to utilize critical former mining areas to plant energy crops whose harvests can be processed in such a way by a business unit into renewable fuels to be used as alternative fuels, for example, by a power plant? By doing so, it is hoped that Sawahlunto, which has long been known as a fuel producer, can maintain its status as a Fuel Producer. This article will present this potential, including stakeholders who can be involved in realizing it.
The Pengaruh Penambahan Sekam Padi Pada Pembuatan Pelet Biomassa Eceng Gondok Menggunakan Metode TOSS: Pengaruh Penambahan Sekam Padi Pada Pembuatan Pelet Biomassa Eceng Gondok Menggunakan Metode TOSS Goembira, Fadjar; Dewilda, Yommi; Andini Putri, Zalwa; Noerhidayat, Arief
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.2.20-30.2025

Abstract

ABSTRACT The Teknologi Olah Sampah di Sumbernya (TOSS) method can be an alternative to reduce biomass waste such as water hyacinth. The TOSS method converts water hyacinth waste into biomass pellets through three stages: shredding process, biodrying process, and pelletization process. Water hyacinth waste has a low calorific value so it is necessary to add other materials with higher calorific values such as rice husks. This research was conducted using TOSS method, incorporating AR124 bioactivator in biodrying process and the addition of rice husk during the pelletization process. This research aims to analyze and evaluate the biodrying process of water hyacinth waste using AR124 bioactivator through measurements of moisture content, temperature, shrinkage, odor, and duration of the biodrying process. In addition, the study also analyzed and evaluated the quality of water hyacinth biomass pellets without and with the addition of rice husk based on proximate analysis and calorific value according to the quality standards of SNI 8966: 2021 about Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) for Power Plants. The 10-day biodrying process showed a moisture content of 20.1%, pH 7.0, shrinkage of 3 cm, highest temperature of 29°C on the first day, and no odor since day 5. Variations in the ratio between water hyacinth and rice husk, namely D (1:0), A1 (1:1), A2 (1:2), and A3 (1:3), were tested in triplicate. The results showed that all variations met the quality standards in accordance with SNI 8966:2021. A3 was the best variation with a moisture content of 3.11%, ash content of 17.83%, fixed carbon of 16.68%, volatile substances of 62.39%, and calorific value of 16.92 MJ/kg (4,041 kcal/kg). The addition of rice husk is proven to increase the calorific value of biomass pellets from standard class 3 to class 2 according to SNI 8966:2021. Keyword: bioactivator AR124, biomass pellets, rice husks, teknologi olah sampah di sumbernya (TOSS), water hyacinth
Potensi Pengolahan Sampah Domestik Kota Sawahlunto Menjadi Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Rusyadi, Mughni Alvin; Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti; Goembira, Fadjar
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.2.42-49.2025

Abstract

Peningkatan timbulan sampah seiring dengan pertumbuhan populasi dan konsumsi masyarakat menimbulkan tantangan besar dalam pengelolaannya, terutama di tengah meningkatnya kebutuhan energi. Upaya menghadapi tantangan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan pengembangan energi terbarukan di Indonesia. Sumber energi yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat adalah energi yang berasal dari biomassa seperti sampah (waste to energy). Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) menjadi salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk menanggulangi permasalahan peningkatan timbulan sampah dan peningkatan kebutuhan energi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pengolahan sampah domestik Kota Sawahlunto menjadi RDF berdasarkan kelayakan aspek teknis dan nonteknis, serta memberikan rekomendasi strategi pengelolaannya. Data menunjukkan timbulan sampah domestic Kota Sawahlunto sebesar 1,24 kg/orang/hari dengan densitas 3,07 L/orang/hari. Komposisi dari sampah domestik yang dihasilkan berturut-turut adalah sampah sisa makanan sebesar 42,12%; sampah plastik 26,37%; sampah kertas 18,69%; sampah kayu/daun 6,93%; residu 3,11%; sampah tekstil 2,21%; dan sampah karet/kulit 0,57%. Analisis karakteristik sampah domestik sebagai bahan baku RDF mengungkapkan: kadar air (10,66%), zat mudah menguap (32,26%), kadar abu (4,98%), dan nilai kalor (16,74 MJ/kg). Hasil analisis ini memenuhi persyaratan teknis SNI 8966:2021 sebagai bahan baku RDF, kecuali pada beberapa komponen yang memerlukan pretreatment.   Kata Kunci: RDF, Kota Sawahlunto, sampah domestik, energi
Analisis Distribusi Ukuran dan Kandungan Logam pada Partikulat di Sekitar Industri Semen Kota Padang Farnas, Zaky; Goembira, Fadjar; Zulkarnaini, Zulkarnaini
CIVED Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/cived.v10i1.382112

Abstract

Aktivitas penggunaan bahan bakar batu bara pada industri semen di Kota Padang menjadi salah satu zat pencemar yang dilepaskan di udara ambien dalam bentuk partikulat yang mengandung logam berat, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis terhadap konsentrasi partikulat Total Suspended Solid (TSP), Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2,5, dan PM1). Penelitian dilakukan pada perumahan di sekiar industri semen. Pengukuran jumlah partikulat dilakukan dengan menggunakan nano sampler dan analisis jumlah partikulat menggunakan metode gravimeteri, untuk analisis logam berat yang terkandung dalam partikulat menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP MS). Hasil dari pengukuran didapati bahwa konsentrasi partikulat tertinggi berada di Perumahan Unand Blok D dengan persentase TSP sebesar 41% (konsentrasi 60,275 µg/Nm³), PM10 33% (konsentrasi 49,234µg/Nm³), PM2,5 18% (konsentrasi 26,776 µg/Nm³), dan PM1 8% (konsentrasi 12,53 µg/Nm³) dan jika dibandingkan dengan baku mutu, maka konsentrasi partikulat pada udara ambien masih berada di bawah baku mutu. Kandungan logam pada partikulat yang terukur dari tertinggi sampai terendah adalah Ca, Cd, As, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, dan Hg.
PENGARUH FAKTOR PENGETAHUAN PENGELOLA RUMAH MAKAN TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MINYAK DAN LIMBAH RUMAH MAKAN DI KOTA PADANG: THE INFLUENCE OF KNOWLEDGE FACTORS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF WASTE OIL AND FAT IN RESTAURANTS IN PADANG CITY Zurmayeni, Zurmayeni; Goembira, Fadjar; Afrizal, Afrizal
Quality : Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 17 No. 1 (2023): Quality : Jurnal Kesehatan
Publisher : Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes RI Jakarta I

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36082/qjk.v17i1.931

Abstract

Salah satu industri yang berkembang pesat di Indonesia adalah industri   rumah makan. Rumah makan berskala menengah dan besar di Indonesia pada tahun 2011 tercatat sebanyak 2.977 perusahaan. Saat ini limbah minyak dan lemak rumah makan dibuang saja ke selokan dengan mengalir ke perairan umum bersama dengan limbah rumah makan lainnnya. Dimana limbah minyak dan lemak rumah makan sangat merusak lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh faktor pengetahuan terhadap pengelolaan limbah minyak dan lemak pada rumah makan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Data yang dikumpulkan dan dianalisis adalah data kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 67 rumah makan. Sampel penelitian adalah 50% dari jumlah populasi yaitu berjumlah 35 pelaku usaha rumah makan dengan menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Analsisi data menggunakan metode Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Dari hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa koefisien regresi variabel pengetahuan mempunyai nilai koefisien positif dan besarnya adalah 0,504, nilai t hitung untuk variabel pengetahuan adalah 3,297 dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,003. Maka faktor pengetahuan berpengaruh terhadap pengelolaan limbah minyak dan limbah.rumah makan di Kota Padang. Bagi pemilik rumah makan di harapkan agar melakukan pengelolaan limbah sebelum limbah minyak dan lemak di buang ke tempat pembuangan akhir dan melengkapi sarana dan prasarana hygiene sanitasi di rumah makan.
Uji Kinerja Tungku Biomassa Berbahan Bakar Pelet Cangkang Kemiri Anggriawan, Tegar; Goembira, Fadjar; Serlina, Yega
Dampak Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.23.1.113-128.2026

Abstract

Cangkang kemiri merupakan salah satu jenis biomassa yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Cangkang ini diolah menjadi biopellet untuk digunakan sebagai bahan bakar kompor biomassa TLUD. Dua variasi biopellet tempurung kemiri yaitu biopelet yang digunakan dengan penambahan tepung tapioka 10% sebagai bahan pengikat (KT10), dan biopellet tanpa bahan pengikat (K0). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja kompor biomassa TLUD dengan menghitung nilai emisi PM2,5, CO, dan CO2. Uji kinerja kompor mengikuti prosedur yang tercantum dalam SNI 7926:2013 tentang Kinerja Kompor Biomassa. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan nilai emisi PM2,5 dari KT10 sebesar 130,59 ± 7,13 mg/kg, dan dari K0 sebesar 625,27 ± 16,17 mg/kg. Nilai emisi CO sebesar 4,05 ± 0,08 g/kg untuk KT10 dan 3,01 ± 0,27 g/kg untuk K0. Nilai emisi CO2 sebesar 69,42 ± 1,72 g/kg untuk KT10 dan 67,24 ± 1,74 g/kg untuk K0. Nilai emisi PM2,5, CO, dan CO2 ini memenuhi batasan yang ditetapkan SNI 7926:2013. K0 lebih baik dari KT10 dalam kualitas pelet, CO, dan CO2, sedangkan KT10 lebih baik dari K0 dalam PM2,5 dan tingkat konsumsi bahan bakar. Kompor biomassa TLUD memenuhi persyaratan konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik, namun tidak memenuhi persyaratan efisiensi pembakaran dan efisiensi termal.
Co-Authors - Afrizal Afifah Nazir Ahlul Zikri Amalia Amalia Amalia Husna Andi Asmunandar Andini Putri, Zalwa Andrifar, M. Andrifar, Muhammad Anggriawan, Tegar Ardinis Arbain Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti BUSTANUL ARIFIN Debby Maurine Aristi Defri Nofriadi Ekaputra, Eri Gas Fajril Akbar Farnas, Zaky Fhardi Suganda Fiqi Arkan Shadiq Frenadin Adegustara Irma Surianti Lestari, Resti Ayu M Andrifar Mahdi Mahdi Maria Ulfah Mohammad Irfan Muhammad Fahyudi Musytaqim Nasra Nilda Tri Putri Nino Perdana Putra Noerhidayat, Arief Nofrita Nofrita Nurwijayanti Nuzulia Irawati Olly Norita Tetra Puti Sri Komala Putri, Rika Rati Yuliar Ningsih Rati Yuliarningsih Rati Yuliarningsih Regia, Rinda Andhita Regia, Rinda Andhita Resti Ayu Lestari Resti Ayu Lestari Resti Rahayu Rika Putri Rizki Aziz Robby Jannatan Rusyadi, Mughni Alvin Salbella Dwi Utari Serlina, Yega Shadiq, Fiqi Arkan Shinta Silvia Slamet Raharjo Sri Rahayu Ningsih Syahyuda, Nelsy Mariza Syawal Andika Putra Taufiq Ihsan TEVINA EDWIN Tivany Edwin Ulfah, Maria Yommi Dewilda Yona Afriani Yuliarningsih, Rati Zurmayeni, Zurmayeni