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All Journal BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo, Budi Riyanto
Fakultas Kedokteran Dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Fatigue sebagai Gejala Sisa COVID-19 Brigitta Gladiola; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49 No 4 (2022): Penyakit Dalam
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i4.216

Abstract

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit akibat infeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Dewasa ini, makin banyak penelitian menunjukkan adanya gejala menetap pasca-infeksi COVID-19. Prevalensi pasien pasca-COVID-19 yang memiliki gejala fatigue pada 1-3 bulan pasca-infeksi mencapai 52-70%. Beberapa teori mekanisme fatigue pasca-infeksi COVID-19 antara lain teori disfungsi hipotalamus dan teori GABA. Tata laksana pasien pasca-infeksi COVID-19 dengan gejala fatigue masih perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Beberapa anjuran intervensi yaitu berolahraga, terapi mindfulness, latihan pernapasan, serta peregangan tubuh/stretching. Sampai saat ini, belum ada tata laksana berbasis bukti ilmiah untuk mengatasi gejala fatigue pasca-infeksi COVID-19. COVID-19 is an infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is an increasing data on the clinical manifestations of post COVID-19. Around 52-70% individuals recovering from COVID-19 complains of fatigue. Two leading theories of its mechanisms include hypothalamus dysfunction theory and GABA theory. More studies are needed to fully understand the mechanism of post COVID-19 fatigue. There is no specific treatment available, but some interventions such as exercise, mindfulness therapy, and body stretching can be used to ease post COVID-19 fatigue.
Kaitan COVID-19 dengan Risiko Bangkitan Epileptik Stephanie Johanes; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49 No 5 (2022): Neuro-Kardiovaskular
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i5.228

Abstract

COVID-19 dapat menyebabkan kegagalan organ tubuh seperti sistem pernapasan, ginjal, hati, dan jantung. Pada beberapa orang juga ditemukan gejala sistem saraf, seperti delirium, confusion, nyeri kepala, vertigo, hemorrhagic stroke dan iskemik, hilangnya sensasi penciuman dan perasa, kejang atau bangkitan epileptik. Bangkitan epileptik pada kasus COVID-19 dapat dikaitkan dengan aktivasi sel glia, kerusakan sawar darah-otak, keadaan hipertermia atau gangguan elektrolit dan gangguan neurotransmiter. Di lain pihak, pengaruh infeksi COVID-19 pada pasien epilepsi masih belum diketahui pasti. COVID-19 can cause organ failure such as the respiratory system, kidneys, liver, and heart. Risks of neurological complications are delirium, stroke, loss of smell dan taste, and convulsion/epileptic seizure. Seizures in COVID-19 may be associated with glial activation, blood-brain barrier disruption, and hyperthermia and/ or neurotransmitter dysregulation. On the other hand, the impact of COVID-19 on epileptic patients is yet to be identified
Efek Neurologis Hipernatremia Carmenita; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 7 (2023): Kardiovaskular
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i7.954

Abstract

Aktivitas otak memerlukan kondisi yang optimal, termasuk lingkungan elektrolit yang ideal. Salah satu elektrolit utama dalam tubuh yang juga penting untuk aktivitas otak adalah natrium. Hipernatremia yang tidak terkoreksi dapat menyebabkan berbagai manifestasi klinis yang bervariasi mulai dari rasa haus, kelemahan, eksitabilitas neuromuskular, hiperrefleks, letargi, confusion, kejang, atau koma. Oleh karena itu, penyebab, gejala, diagnosis, dan penanganan yang tepat perlu untuk mencegah penurunan kualitas hidup pasien.   Brain activities need optimal conditions, including an ideal electrolyte environment. One of the main electrolytes in the body that is also essential for brain activity is sodium. Uncorrected hypernatremia may manifest in symptoms of thirst, weakness, neuromuscular excitability, hyperreflexia, lethargy, confusion, seizure, and coma. Therefore, the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are necessary to prevent a decline in the patient’s quality of life.
Efek Neurologis Hiperkalemia dan Hipokalemia Jason Adiwardhana; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 50 No 10 (2023): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v50i10.1077

Abstract

Electrolyte disorders may interfere with human bodily function. Potassium is the most dominant intracelullar ion; lack (hypokalemia) or excess (hyperkalemia) potassium might give rise to cardiovascular and neuromuscular symptoms. Management consist of potassium serum correction alongside frequent electrocardiography monitoring. Implications of hypokalemia and hyperkalemia should always be taken considered, especially in elderly populations. Central nervous system involvement is currently unknown.
Anosmia pada COVID-19 Ishak Samuel; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 1 (2021): Infeksi COVID-19
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i1.30

Abstract

Sejak tanggal 11 Maret 2020, WHO telah mendeklarasikan COVID-19 sebagai pandemi. Gejala COVID-19 yang paling umum adalah demam, malaise, dan batuk kering, namun dapat juga muncul gejala gangguan penghidu atau anosmia. Anosmia pada COVID-19 dapat disebabkan oleh invasi langsung oleh virus melalui epitel hidung dan bulbus olfaktorius pada reseptor ACE2. Anosmia pada COVID-19 ini dapat timbul tiba-tiba atau didahului oleh gejala ringan seperti batuk kering. Tatalaksana anosmia pada COVID-19 masih terus berkembang dan diteliti lebih lanjut. Since March 11, 2020, WHO has declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, malaise, and dry cough, but there can also be symptoms of olfactory dysfunctions including anosmia. Anosmia in COVID-19 can be caused by direct viral invasion through the nasal epithelium and olfactory bulb at the ACE2 receptor. Anosmia in COVID-19 can spontaneously appear or preceded by mild symptoms such as dry cough. The management of anosmia in COVID-19 is still developing and needs more in-depth research.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap Insidens dan Tatalaksana Penyakit Serebrovaskular Billy Priyanto Hamidjoyo; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 8 (2021): Continuing Medical Education - Edisi 3
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i8.109

Abstract

COVID-19 dikenal dengan manifestasi klinis terkait saluran pernapasan seperti batuk, sesak, dan demam. Namun, saat ini telah banyak diteliti bahwa COVID-19 dapat menimbulkan gejala di luar sistem pernapasan, salah satunya ke sistem saraf. Pelaporan kejadian stroke pada pasien COVID-19 masih bervariasi, namun pada pasien COVID-19, khususnya yang bergejala berat terdapat kondisi hiperkoagulasi yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi trombotik seperti trombosis vena dalam dan diduga berkaitan dengan risiko stroke pada pasien COVID-19. COVID-19 is known for its clinical manifestations related to the respiratory tract such as cough, shortness of breath, and fever. However, currently it has been widely studied that COVID-19 can cause symptoms outside the respiratory system, one of which is the nervous system. Reports of stroke events in COVID-19 patients still vary, but in COVID-19 patients, especially those with severe symptoms, there is a hypercoagulable condition that can cause thrombotic complications such as deep vein thrombosis and is thought to be associated with the risk of stroke in COVID-19 patients.
Komplikasi Sistem Saraf Pusat pada COVID-19 Tasia Esterita; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 11 (2021): Penyakit Dalam - COVID-19
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i11.144

Abstract

Coronavirus disease-19 disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2 yang menyebabkan pandemi sejak Maret 2020. COVID-19 tidak hanya menyebabkan komplikasi pernapasan dan kardiovaskular, tetapi dapat menyebabkan komplikasi sistem saraf pusat yang juga berkontribusi terhadap mortalitas dan morbiditas. Beberapa komplikasi sistem saraf pusat pada COVID-19 adalah stroke iskemik, stroke hemoragik, meningoensefalitis, acute transverse myelitis, dan ensefalopati. Stroke iskemik pada COVID-19 disebabkan oleh beberapa mekanisme, di antaranya koagulopati, disfungsi endotel, kardioemboli, invasi virus ke sistem saraf pusat, dan terapi imunoglobulin. Stroke hemoragik dapat disebabkan oleh kerusakan endotel akibat inflamasi menyebabkan disregulasi tekanan darah yang meningkatkan risiko stroke hemoragik. Meningoensefalitis pada COVID-19 disebabkan invasi virus langsung melalui cribriform plate atau karena kerusakan endotel yang menjadi pintu masuk SARS-CoV-2 ke otak. Mielitis transversa pada COVID-19 disebabkan hiperinflamasi sistemik, molecular mimicry, dan epitope spreading. Kegagalan organ multipel pada pasien COVID-19 akibat badai sitokin dapat menyebabkan ensefalopati. Coronavirus disease-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has been causing a pandemic since March 2020. Besides respiratory and cardiovascular complications, COVID-19 can cause complications to central nervous system that also contribute to mortality and morbidity. Some central nervous system complications in COVID-19 are ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, meningoencephalitis, acute transverse myelitis, and encephalopathy. Ischemic stroke in COVID-19 is caused by several mechanisms, including coagulopathy, endothelial dysfunction, cardioembolism, viral invasion of the central nervous system and immunoglobulin therapy. Hemorrhagic stroke can be associated with blood pressure dysregulation caused by inflammational endothelial damage. Meningoencephalitis in COVID-19 can be caused by direct viral invasion through the cribriform plate or due to endothelial damage that facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entrance to the brain. Transverse myelitis in COVID-19 is caused by systemic hyperinflammation, molecular mimicry and epitope spreading. Multiple organ failure in COVID-19 patients due to a cytokine storm can lead to encephalopathy.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Vidya Gani Wijaya; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49 No 2 (2022): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i2.196

Abstract

Pasien COVID-19 memiliki gejala bervariasi. Saat ini, selain ditemukan gejala pada sistem pernapasan dan pencernaan, gejala di sistem organ lain pun mulai banyak ditemukan, salah satunya pada sistem saraf dengan gejala neurologis yang bervariasi seperti anosmia (sering), stroke, nyeri kepala, kejang, dan penurunan fungsi kognitif. Tata laksana pasien dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif masih diteliti. Beberapa pilihan terapi di antaranya human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoid, dan terapi imun (IVIg) yang masih kontroversial. COVID-19 patients have varied symptoms. At present, in addition to symptoms in the respiratory and digestive systems, symptoms in other organ systems have begun to be found, one of which is in the nervous system with various neurological symptoms such as anosmia (frequent), stroke, headaches, seizures, and decreased cognitive function. Management of patients with decreased cognitive function is still being studied. Several therapeutic options include human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoids, and immune therapy (IVIg), which are still controversial.
Fatigue sebagai Gejala Sisa COVID-19 Brigitta Gladiola; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49 No 4 (2022): Penyakit Dalam
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i4.216

Abstract

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit akibat infeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Dewasa ini, makin banyak penelitian menunjukkan adanya gejala menetap pasca-infeksi COVID-19. Prevalensi pasien pasca-COVID-19 yang memiliki gejala fatigue pada 1-3 bulan pasca-infeksi mencapai 52-70%. Beberapa teori mekanisme fatigue pasca-infeksi COVID-19 antara lain teori disfungsi hipotalamus dan teori GABA. Tata laksana pasien pasca-infeksi COVID-19 dengan gejala fatigue masih perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Beberapa anjuran intervensi yaitu berolahraga, terapi mindfulness, latihan pernapasan, serta peregangan tubuh/stretching. Sampai saat ini, belum ada tata laksana berbasis bukti ilmiah untuk mengatasi gejala fatigue pasca-infeksi COVID-19. COVID-19 is an infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is an increasing data on the clinical manifestations of post COVID-19. Around 52-70% individuals recovering from COVID-19 complains of fatigue. Two leading theories of its mechanisms include hypothalamus dysfunction theory and GABA theory. More studies are needed to fully understand the mechanism of post COVID-19 fatigue. There is no specific treatment available, but some interventions such as exercise, mindfulness therapy, and body stretching can be used to ease post COVID-19 fatigue.
Kaitan COVID-19 dengan Risiko Bangkitan Epileptik Stephanie Johanes; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49 No 5 (2022): Neuro-Kardiovaskular
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i5.228

Abstract

COVID-19 dapat menyebabkan kegagalan organ tubuh seperti sistem pernapasan, ginjal, hati, dan jantung. Pada beberapa orang juga ditemukan gejala sistem saraf, seperti delirium, confusion, nyeri kepala, vertigo, hemorrhagic stroke dan iskemik, hilangnya sensasi penciuman dan perasa, kejang atau bangkitan epileptik. Bangkitan epileptik pada kasus COVID-19 dapat dikaitkan dengan aktivasi sel glia, kerusakan sawar darah-otak, keadaan hipertermia atau gangguan elektrolit dan gangguan neurotransmiter. Di lain pihak, pengaruh infeksi COVID-19 pada pasien epilepsi masih belum diketahui pasti. COVID-19 can cause organ failure such as the respiratory system, kidneys, liver, and heart. Risks of neurological complications are delirium, stroke, loss of smell dan taste, and convulsion/epileptic seizure. Seizures in COVID-19 may be associated with glial activation, blood-brain barrier disruption, and hyperthermia and/ or neurotransmitter dysregulation. On the other hand, the impact of COVID-19 on epileptic patients is yet to be identified
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Andi Kurnia Bintang, Andi Kurnia Arsanti, Nabila Mayori Billy Priyanto Hamidjoyo Brigitta Gladiola Carmenita Dede Gunawan, Dede Dodik Tugasworo Esterita, Tasia Fritz Sumantri Usman, Fritz Sumantri H. Harsono, H. Hamidjoyo, Billy Priyanto Ishak Samuel Ishak Samuel Jason Adiwardhana Jimmy Barus, Jimmy Lukito, Patricia Michelle Maureen Aprilia Maureen Aprilia, Maureen Mohammad Hasan Machfoed Patricia Michelle Lukito Riza Sulthan, Riza Rusdi Lamsudin, Rusdi Samuel, Ishak Stephanie Johanes Stephanie Johanes Surianggo, Jenita Tasia Esterita Vidya Gani Wijaya Wijaya, Vidya Gani