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All Journal BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo, Budi Riyanto
Fakultas Kedokteran Dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Pemeriksaan Neurologis pada Kesadaran Menurun Maureen Aprilia; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 42, No 10 (2015): Neurologi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v42i10.961

Abstract

Dengan kemajuan teknologi medis beberapa puluh tahun terakhir ini, saat ini fungsi vital dapat dipertahankan secara “buatan”, meskipun fungsi otak telah berhenti. Hal tersebut akhirnya berimplikasi terhadap definisi kematian secara medis, yang kemudian memunculkan suatu konsep kematian batang otak sebagai penanda kematian. Pasien dalam kondisi koma harus menjalani pemeriksaan fisik umum, neurologi, dan pemeriksaan penunjang untuk menentukan penyebab kehilangan kesadarannya. Keadaan koma tanpa perbaikan dapat berlanjut masuk dalam keadaan mati batang otak. Kriteria kematian batang otak antara lain koma dinyatakan positif, penyebab koma diketahui, arefleks batang otak dinyatakan positif, tidak adanya respons motorik, dan apnea dinyatakan positif.With the advancement of technology, human vital functions can be artificially maintained eventhough the brain ceased to function. This condition raised a concern for a new concept of death. Patients in coma need to be thoroughly evaluated to find the cause, and the diagnosis of brain death needs certain criteria to be fulfilled. Coma without improvements can continue entering in a state of brain stem death. The criteria of brain stem death include positive coma, known causes of coma, positive brain stem arefleks, the absence of motor responses, and apnea.
Aktivitas Kognitif Mempengaruhi Fungsi Kognitif Lanjut Usia di Jakarta Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 42, No 1 (2015): Neurologi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v42i1.1047

Abstract

Salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di kalangan lanjut usia adalah kemunduran fungsi kognitif. Selama ini kegiatan yang melibatkan fungsi berpikir dianggap dapat memperlambat proses kemunduran fungsi kognitif. Penelitian atas 286 lanjut usia di Jakarta menunjukkan bahwa inaktivitas kognitif dikaitkan dengan risiko mempunyai fungsi kognitif buruk. Para lanjut usia yang tidak pernah masak sendiri dua kali lebih berisiko (HR 2,09; 95% CI: 1,43– 3,05), mereka yang tidak pernah menonton acara berita di televisi dua kali lebih berisiko (2,02; 1,47–2,77), mereka yang tidak mempunyai hobi hampir dua kali lebih berisiko (1,78; 1,18–2,68), dan mereka yang tidak pernah membaca koran atau buku hampir satu setengah kali lebih berisiko (1,48; 1,04–2,09) mempunyai fungsi kognitif buruk dibandingkan dengan mereka yang lebih dari sekali seminggu melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut.Cognitive decline is one of the most important problem among the elderly, and cognitive activities are supposedly can retard the decline of cognitive function. Research on 286 elderlies in Jakarta showed that cognitive activities did have influence on their cognitive function; elderlies who were never did cooking or preparing meals him/herself had twice the risk (HR 2,09; 95% CI: 1,43– 3,05), those who never watch news on television have twice the risk (2,02; 1,47–2,77), those who did not have a hobby have almost twice the risk (1,78; 1,18–2,68), and those who never read books or newspapers have 1,5 times the risk (1.48; 1,04–2,09) to have lower cognitive function.
Analisis Komponen Aktivitas dan Jaringan Sosial yang Berpengaruh terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Lanjut Usia Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 41, No 8 (2014): Pediatrik
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v41i8.1112

Abstract

Pertambahan jumlah penduduk usia lanjut memunculkan berbagai masalah yang antara lain disebabkan oleh kemunduran fungsi kognitif; sedangkan fungsi kognitif para lanjut usia dapat dipengaruhi oleh jaringan sosial dan aktivitas sosial mereka. Penelitian atas 286 responden lanjut usia di Jakarta menunjukkan bahwa lanjut usia yang aktivitas di masyarakatnya buruk dan yang tidak menjadi anggota kelompok masyarakat lain lebih berisiko untuk mempunyai fungsi kognitif buruk dibandingkan dengan mereka yang aktivitas di masyarakatnya baik dan menjadi anggota kelompok masyarakat lain. Kegiatan ke luar rumah dan berbelanja, dan kerja sukarela/amal merupakan komponen yang lebih berperan kendati tidak bermakna dan tidak linear.The increasing world population of elderlies brings additional health burden caused by decreasing cognitive function; and preservation of cognitive function can be influenced by social network and social activities. Research on 286 respondents in Jakarta showed that elderlies with low activities in community and not involved in community organizations have greater risk of low cognitive function compared with more active elderlies. Outings and shopping for daily needs, and voluntary community work are more important components, but not linear nor significant.
Beberapa Kondisi Fisik dan Penyakit yang Merupakan Faktor Risiko Gangguan Fungsi Kognitif Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 41, No 1 (2014): Neurologi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v41i1.1168

Abstract

Meningkatnya jumlah lanjut usia di dunia membawa beberapa masalah kesehatan masyarakat, antara lain yang dikaitkan dengan kemunduran fungsi kognitif. Kemunduran fungsi kognitif tersebut dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor risiko, baik yang tidak bisa dihindari, seperti usia dan gender, juga beberapa kondisi fisik atau penyakit yang dapat dikendalikan. Pemahaman atas faktor-faktor risiko tersebut dapat membantu mengurangi risiko kemunduran fungsi kognitif.The increase of old age population brings additional burden to community, particularly problems due to cognitive decline. Cognitive decline is influenced by many risk factors; some risk factors are inherent such as aging and gender, but many conditions and diseases can be controlled. The understanding about these risk factors can help reduces the risk of cognitive decline.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Vidya Gani Wijaya; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49, No 2 (2022): Infeksi
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i2.1743

Abstract

Pasien COVID-19 memiliki gejala bervariasi. Saat ini, selain ditemukan gejala pada sistem pernapasan dan pencernaan, gejala di sistem organ lain pun mulai banyak ditemukan, salah satunya pada sistem saraf dengan gejala neurologis yang bervariasi seperti anosmia (sering), stroke, nyeri kepala, kejang, dan penurunan fungsi kognitif. Tata laksana pasien dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif masih diteliti. Beberapa pilihan terapi di antaranya human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoid, dan terapi imun (IVIg) yang masih kontroversial. COVID-19 patients have varied symptoms. At present, in addition to symptoms in the respiratory and digestive systems, symptoms in other organ systems have begun to be found, one of which is in the nervous system with various neurological symptoms such as anosmia (frequent), stroke, headaches, seizures, and decreased cognitive function. Management of patients with decreased cognitive function is still being studied. Several therapeutic options include human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoids, and immune therapy (IVIg), which are still controversial.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap Insiden dan Tatalaksana Penyakit Serebrovaskular Billy Priyanto Hamidjoyo; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48, No 8 (2021): CME - Continuing Medical Education
Publisher : PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i8.1444

Abstract

COVID-19 dikenal dengan manifestasi klinis terkait saluran pernapasan seperti batuk, sesak, dan demam. Namun, saat ini telah banyak diteliti bahwa COVID-19 dapat menimbulkan gejala di luar sistem pernapasan, salah satunya ke sistem saraf. Pelaporan kejadian stroke pada pasien COVID-19 masih bervariasi, namun pada pasien COVID-19, khususnya yang bergejala berat terdapat kondisi hiperkoagulasi yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi trombotik seperti trombosis vena dalam dan diduga berkaitan dengan risiko stroke pada pasien COVID-19.COVID-19 is known for its clinical manifestations related to the respiratory tract such as cough, shortness of breath, and fever. However, currently it has been widely studied that COVID-19 can cause symptoms outside the respiratory system, one of which is the nervous system. Reports of stroke events in COVID-19 patients still vary, but in COVID-19 patients, especially those with severe symptoms, there is a hypercoagulable condition that can cause thrombotic complications such as deep vein thrombosis and is thought to be associated with the risk of stroke in COVID-19 patients.
Anosmia pada COVID-19 Ishak Samuel; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 1 (2021): Infeksi COVID-19
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i1.30

Abstract

Sejak tanggal 11 Maret 2020, WHO telah mendeklarasikan COVID-19 sebagai pandemi. Gejala COVID-19 yang paling umum adalah demam, malaise, dan batuk kering, namun dapat juga muncul gejala gangguan penghidu atau anosmia. Anosmia pada COVID-19 dapat disebabkan oleh invasi langsung oleh virus melalui epitel hidung dan bulbus olfaktorius pada reseptor ACE2. Anosmia pada COVID-19 ini dapat timbul tiba-tiba atau didahului oleh gejala ringan seperti batuk kering. Tatalaksana anosmia pada COVID-19 masih terus berkembang dan diteliti lebih lanjut. Since March 11, 2020, WHO has declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, malaise, and dry cough, but there can also be symptoms of olfactory dysfunctions including anosmia. Anosmia in COVID-19 can be caused by direct viral invasion through the nasal epithelium and olfactory bulb at the ACE2 receptor. Anosmia in COVID-19 can spontaneously appear or preceded by mild symptoms such as dry cough. The management of anosmia in COVID-19 is still developing and needs more in-depth research.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap Insidens dan Tatalaksana Penyakit Serebrovaskular Billy Priyanto Hamidjoyo; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 8 (2021): Continuing Medical Education - Edisi 3
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i8.109

Abstract

COVID-19 dikenal dengan manifestasi klinis terkait saluran pernapasan seperti batuk, sesak, dan demam. Namun, saat ini telah banyak diteliti bahwa COVID-19 dapat menimbulkan gejala di luar sistem pernapasan, salah satunya ke sistem saraf. Pelaporan kejadian stroke pada pasien COVID-19 masih bervariasi, namun pada pasien COVID-19, khususnya yang bergejala berat terdapat kondisi hiperkoagulasi yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi trombotik seperti trombosis vena dalam dan diduga berkaitan dengan risiko stroke pada pasien COVID-19. COVID-19 is known for its clinical manifestations related to the respiratory tract such as cough, shortness of breath, and fever. However, currently it has been widely studied that COVID-19 can cause symptoms outside the respiratory system, one of which is the nervous system. Reports of stroke events in COVID-19 patients still vary, but in COVID-19 patients, especially those with severe symptoms, there is a hypercoagulable condition that can cause thrombotic complications such as deep vein thrombosis and is thought to be associated with the risk of stroke in COVID-19 patients.
Komplikasi Sistem Saraf Pusat pada COVID-19 Tasia Esterita; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 11 (2021): Penyakit Dalam - COVID-19
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i11.144

Abstract

Coronavirus disease-19 disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2 yang menyebabkan pandemi sejak Maret 2020. COVID-19 tidak hanya menyebabkan komplikasi pernapasan dan kardiovaskular, tetapi dapat menyebabkan komplikasi sistem saraf pusat yang juga berkontribusi terhadap mortalitas dan morbiditas. Beberapa komplikasi sistem saraf pusat pada COVID-19 adalah stroke iskemik, stroke hemoragik, meningoensefalitis, acute transverse myelitis, dan ensefalopati. Stroke iskemik pada COVID-19 disebabkan oleh beberapa mekanisme, di antaranya koagulopati, disfungsi endotel, kardioemboli, invasi virus ke sistem saraf pusat, dan terapi imunoglobulin. Stroke hemoragik dapat disebabkan oleh kerusakan endotel akibat inflamasi menyebabkan disregulasi tekanan darah yang meningkatkan risiko stroke hemoragik. Meningoensefalitis pada COVID-19 disebabkan invasi virus langsung melalui cribriform plate atau karena kerusakan endotel yang menjadi pintu masuk SARS-CoV-2 ke otak. Mielitis transversa pada COVID-19 disebabkan hiperinflamasi sistemik, molecular mimicry, dan epitope spreading. Kegagalan organ multipel pada pasien COVID-19 akibat badai sitokin dapat menyebabkan ensefalopati. Coronavirus disease-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has been causing a pandemic since March 2020. Besides respiratory and cardiovascular complications, COVID-19 can cause complications to central nervous system that also contribute to mortality and morbidity. Some central nervous system complications in COVID-19 are ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, meningoencephalitis, acute transverse myelitis, and encephalopathy. Ischemic stroke in COVID-19 is caused by several mechanisms, including coagulopathy, endothelial dysfunction, cardioembolism, viral invasion of the central nervous system and immunoglobulin therapy. Hemorrhagic stroke can be associated with blood pressure dysregulation caused by inflammational endothelial damage. Meningoencephalitis in COVID-19 can be caused by direct viral invasion through the cribriform plate or due to endothelial damage that facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entrance to the brain. Transverse myelitis in COVID-19 is caused by systemic hyperinflammation, molecular mimicry and epitope spreading. Multiple organ failure in COVID-19 patients due to a cytokine storm can lead to encephalopathy.
Pengaruh Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Vidya Gani Wijaya; Budi Riyanto Wreksoatmodjo
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49 No 2 (2022): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i2.196

Abstract

Pasien COVID-19 memiliki gejala bervariasi. Saat ini, selain ditemukan gejala pada sistem pernapasan dan pencernaan, gejala di sistem organ lain pun mulai banyak ditemukan, salah satunya pada sistem saraf dengan gejala neurologis yang bervariasi seperti anosmia (sering), stroke, nyeri kepala, kejang, dan penurunan fungsi kognitif. Tata laksana pasien dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif masih diteliti. Beberapa pilihan terapi di antaranya human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoid, dan terapi imun (IVIg) yang masih kontroversial. COVID-19 patients have varied symptoms. At present, in addition to symptoms in the respiratory and digestive systems, symptoms in other organ systems have begun to be found, one of which is in the nervous system with various neurological symptoms such as anosmia (frequent), stroke, headaches, seizures, and decreased cognitive function. Management of patients with decreased cognitive function is still being studied. Several therapeutic options include human recombinant erythropoietin, flavonoids, and immune therapy (IVIg), which are still controversial.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Andi Kurnia Bintang, Andi Kurnia Arsanti, Nabila Mayori Billy Priyanto Hamidjoyo Brigitta Gladiola Carmenita Dede Gunawan, Dede Dodik Tugasworo Esterita, Tasia Fritz Sumantri Usman, Fritz Sumantri H. Harsono, H. Hamidjoyo, Billy Priyanto Ishak Samuel Ishak Samuel Jason Adiwardhana Jimmy Barus, Jimmy Lukito, Patricia Michelle Maureen Aprilia Maureen Aprilia, Maureen Mohammad Hasan Machfoed Patricia Michelle Lukito Riza Sulthan, Riza Rusdi Lamsudin, Rusdi Samuel, Ishak Stephanie Johanes Stephanie Johanes Surianggo, Jenita Tasia Esterita Vidya Gani Wijaya Wijaya, Vidya Gani