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Gambaran Masalah Gizi pada 1000 HPK di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang (Illustration of Nutritional Problem in the First 1000 Days of Life in Both City and District of Malang, Indonesia) Rahmawati, Widya; Wirawan, Nia Novita; Wilujeng, Catur Saptaning; Fadhilah, Eriza; Nugroho, Fajar Ari; Habibie, Intan Yusuf; Fahmi, Ilmia; Ventyaningsih, Agustiana Dwi Indiah
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Suplemen "Malang Current Issues On Nutrition (MCION)"
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

AbstrakMasa 1000 hari pertama kehidupan (HPK) merupakan masa terpenting dalam daur kehidupan manusia.Â Status gizi pada 1000 HPK akan mempengaruhi terhadapÂ kualitas kesehatan, intelektual dan produktivitas pada masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji gambaran status gizi pada 1000 HPK di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini menganalisis database dan laporan kegiatan survey gizi (Pre Dietetics Internship, Program Studi Ilmu Gizi-Universitas Brawijaya) di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Malang dalam kurun waktu Februari 2012-Februari 2016 dengan sasaran ibu hamil (n 777), ibu menyusui (n 718), bayi (n 638) dan baduta (n 554). Status gizi diukur menggunakan metode antropometri, indikator status gizi ibu hamil: IMT sebelum hamil, LILA dan peningkatan BB/minggu; ibu menyusui: IMT dan LILA; bayi dan baduta: z-score BB/PB, PB/U dan BB/U. Asupan zat gizi diperoleh melalui metode 24h recall. Pola pemberian ASI, MP ASI dan faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi dikaji menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Seluruh data disajikan dalam statistik deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi masalah gizi pada subyek ibu hamil, menyusui, bayi dan baduta masih tergolong tinggi dan sedang. Sebanyak 18,9% ibu hamil kurus dan 30,3% gemuk di awal kehamilan, serta penambahan BB/minggu kurang=49,3%. Status gizi kurang pada ibu menyusui=8,4%. Kurus dan pendek termasuk kategori âmasalah sedangâ pada bayi dan baduta (kurus: 7,5% vs. 7,8%; pendek: 21,0% vs. 21,2%). Prosentase pemberian ASI termasuk tinggi (94,4%), namun pemberian prelakteal dan MP ASI dini tinggi (52,8% dan 66,5%), dan ASI Eksklusif rendah (28,8%).Â Masalah gizi di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang masih merupakan tantangan untuk diatasi.Kata Kunci: status gizi, ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, baduta, ASI EksklusifÂ AbstractThe first 1000 day of life is the most important period in human life. Nutritional status during this period highly influences the quality of health, cognitive and productivity in the future. This research aims to assess the nutritional status of the first 1000 days in City and District of Malang. This research analyses the database and report of nutritional survey (Pre Dietetics Internship, Nutritional Study Program University of Brawijaya) in area of City and District Malang from February 2012-February 2016. The research subjects included pregnant women (n 777), lactating mother (n 718), infant (n 638) and children under two year (n 554). Nutritional status was measured by using anthropometry method, with indicators for pregnant women: BMI pre pregnancy, MUAC and pregnancy weight gain; for lactating mother: BMI and MUAC; infant and under two year children: z-score weight-for-length, length-for-age dan weight-for-age. Nutrient intake was obtained by using 24h recall. Breastfeeding pattern, complementary feeding practice, and factors associated with nutritional status were collected by using structured questionnaire. All data was presented using descriptive statistics. Result shows that nutritional problem among pregnant women, lactating mother, infant and children under two year children was categorized into high and medium. There were 18,9% and 30,3% of pregnant women entering their pregnancy with underweight and overweight problem; and 49,3% low pregnancy weight gain. The percentage of underweight in lactating mother wasÂ 8,4%. Wasting and stunting in infant and children under two year were categorized as âmedium problemâ (wasting: 7,5% vs. 7,8%; stunting: 21,0% vs. 21.2%). There was 94,4% of infant receiving breastmilk. However exclussive breastfeeding practice only accounted forÂ 28,8%, since there were 52,8% dan 66,5% of them received prelacteal and early complementary food. Nutritional problems in City and District Malang are still a challange and need to resolve.Keyword: Â nutritional status, pregnant women, lactating mother, children under two year old, exclusive brestfeedingÂ

Hubungan Status Gizi dan Konsumsi Junk Food dengan Menarche Dini Pada Remaja Awal (Studi Kasus di 3 Sekolah Dasar Kota Malang) Arifin, Nur Annisah; Fatmawati, Fatmawati; Fahmi, Ilmia
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Publisher : Journal of Issues in Midwifery

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.JOIM.2020.004.02.4

Pada masa remaja terjadi proses pematangan organ-organ reproduksi manusia dan biasa disebut masa pubertas. Pada perempuan, pubertas dapat ditandai dengan datangnya menstruasi (menarche). Menarche ialah saat seorang perempuan pertama kali mengalami menstruasi. Usia menarche dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu genetika, nutrisi, aktivitas fisik, faktor lingkungan, pengaruh arus komunikasi, dan globalisasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dan konsumsi junk food dengan usia menarche pada remaja putri di 3 sekolah dasar kota Malang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah siswi sekolah dasar yang berumur 10-12 tahun dan yang sudah menstruasi di 3 SD Kota Malang (n=64) yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan rata-rata usia menarche adalah 10,67Â±1,07 tahun. Dari uji statistik dengan korelasi Spearman ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan menarche dini dengan nilai p-value (<0,05), selain itu tidak terdapat hubungan antara konsumsi junk food dengan menarche dini dengan nilai p-value (>0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara status gizi konsumsi junk food dengan menarche dini.

ENHANCING EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORS' KNOWLEDGE IN MEASURING THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF YOUNG CHILDREN Fahmi, Ilmia; Maulidiana, Annisa Rizky; Ariestiningsih, Ayuningtyas Dian; Wirawan, Nia Novita
Caring: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 4, No 2 (2024): CARING Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Agustus 2024)
Publisher : Caring: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.caringjpm.2024.004.02.2

Early childhood educators are one of the main elements in providing appropriate stimulation and monitoring the growth and development of children aged 0 - 6 years so that they do not experience nutritional and health problems, for example stunting. Early childhood growth, especially weight and height, is very important to monitor through routine monthly measurements and determining nutritional status using a growth curve. Early childhood educators face several obstacles in carrying out nutritional status monitoring activities, such as teachers' lack of knowledge and skills in carrying out anthropometric measurements, the use of growth curves to determine nutritional status and limited equipment. The aim of this community service is to increase the knowledge of the educators in Malang Regency, especially Pakisaji sub-district, to measure and monitor the nutritional status of preschool children. Community service activities were carried out on early October 2023 at the Nutrition Department and were attended by 44 participants. Before the activity begins, participants first fill out a pre-test form to determine their level of knowledge. Participants are given education about the correct way to measure nutritional status in early childhood. A total of 39 participants completed the pre-test and post-test completely with an average pre-test score of 43.72 and post-test 75.13, an increase in score of 30 points. It can be concluded that community service activities increase the knowledge and skills of the educators in measuring the nutritional status of early childhood.

Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Dalam Pengukuran dan Pemantauan Status Gizi Anak Usia Prasekolah di Kabupaten Malang Maulidiana, Annisa Rizky; Fahmi, Ilmia; Ariestiningsih, Ayuningtyas Dian
TRI DHARMA MANDIRI: Diseminasi dan Hilirisasi Riset kepada Masyarakat (Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat) Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : JTRIDHARMA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtridharma.2024.004.01.10

Layanan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) merupakan salah satu program pemerintah dalam konvergensi intervensi pencegahan dan penanganan stunting. Guru PAUD memiliki peran penting dalam pemberian stimulasi dan pemantauan tahapan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia prasekolah. Pertumbuhan anak sangat penting untuk dipantau melalui pengukuran antropometri secara rutin setiap bulan dan penentuan status gizi menggunakan kurva pertumbuhan. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru pendidik lembaga PAUD di Kabupaten Malang dalam melakukan pengukuran dan pemantauan status gizi anak prasekolah. Metode kegiatan berupa Training of Trainers (ToT) berupa pemberian materi, pelatihan pengukuran antropometri, serta penentuan status gizi kepada 42 orang perwakilan guru PAUD di setiap kecamatan di Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2022. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan nilai pre-post test sebesar 39% dari 56,19 menjadi 78,10 (p < 0,001) dan peningkatan keterampilan peserta dalam melakukan pengukuran antropometri sesuai prosedur terstandar serta pengisian kurva pertumbuhan sesuai hasil ukur. Diharapkan dengan adanya kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan kesadaran guru PAUD di Kabupaten Malang dalam upaya optimalisasi monitoring tumbuh kembang anak usia prasekolah dan pencegahan masalah gizi terutama stunting.

Anthropometric indices and physical activity in relation to premenstrual syndrome among female adolescents Maulidiana, Annisa Rizky; Qomariah, Putri Nabila; Rahmawati, Savitri Nur; Airin, Airin; Nazifa, Azzahra; Nurazizah, Dumay Mutiara; Chrishargyantari, Tirsa Dewanti; Ventiyaningsih, Agustiana Dwi Indiah; Fahmi, Ilmia
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 13, No 1 (2024): December
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.13.1.35-41

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a collection of symptoms that are usually experienced by female adolescent before the start of each menstrual cycle which can impact their social activities and concentration on studies. There are several factors that can influence the occurrence of PMS, such as nutritional status, body composition, and physical level. Objectives: To explore the incidence of PMS among female adolescents and its correlation with anthropometric indices and physical activity in Malang City, IndonesiaMaterials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in August to November 2023. A total of 143 female second year students from three public high schools in Malang City was participated in this study. Weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body fat percentage (BF%) were measured. Anthropometric indices including body mass index-for-age (BMI-for-age), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. PMS was measured using 10-item shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form(sPAF) and physical activity using Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescent (PAQ-A). Spearman test was used to evaluate the correlation between variables.Results: There were significant positive correlations among anthropometric indices. There was a positive correlation between PMS with BF%, WHR, and WHtR, however no correlation was found with BMI-for-age. PMS was inversely correlated with physical activity level.Conclusion: Anthropometric indices as predictor of obesity such as BF%, WHR, and WHtR was positively correlated with PMS while physical activity was negatively correlated with PMS. These findings suggest that changes toward healthy lifestyle, such as having regular physical activity and maintain a normal range of body composition and nutritional status are important to alleviate PMS symptoms in female adolescents.Keywords: Adolescent; anthropometric indices; body fat; physical activity; premenstrual syndrome

Expanding pregnant women’s nutrition education access via an integrated model Rahmawati, Widya; Dewi, Mustika; Habibie, Intan Yusuf; Fahmi, Ilmia; Priambada, Swasta
Caring: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 4, No 3 (2024): CARING Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Desember 2024)
Publisher : Caring: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.caringjpm.2024.004.03.3

Ensuring proper nutrition during pregnancy is essential for fetal development and maternal well-being. The aim of this community service is to provide an integrated nutrition education guide for health workers and pregnant women, along with interesting and accurate nutrition education media for pregnant women. This community service activity is carried out through several stages, including: 1) Situation analysis; 2) Development of educational materials such as an integrated nutrition education guide for health workers, a balanced nutrition guide for pregnant women, and nutrition education videos; 3) Delivery of nutrition education through classes for pregnant women, home visits, and YouTube videos. The results of this community service activity include 1) Preparation of an integrated nutrition education guide module; 2) Preparation of a nutrition guide for pregnant women; 3) Creation of a video series on nutrition education for pregnant women; 4) Implementation of nutrition education for pregnant women; 5) Increasing the knowledge of pregnant women regarding nutrition. Furthermore, this community service activity is integrated into the Nutrition Evaluation, Intervention, and Monitoring course, providing an off-campus experience for students. By using an integrated nutrition education model that combines various approaches and communication channels, it is hoped to increase the reach of nutrition education. This will ultimately enhance the knowledge, awareness, and eating habits of pregnant women to ensure optimal maternal and fetal health. In conclusion, by using an integrated nutrition education model that combines various approaches and communication channels, it is hoped that it can increase the reach of nutrition education, which ultimately increases the knowledge, awareness and eating habits of pregnant women to ensure optimal maternal and fetal health.

Webinar Pembuatan Formula Enteral Blenderized yang Mengandung Immunonutrient Harti, Leny Budhi; Cempaka, Anggun Rindang; Maulidiana, Annisa Rizky; Dini, Cleonara Yanuar; Fahmi, Ilmia; Wani, Yudi Arimba
TRI DHARMA MANDIRI: Dissemination and Downstreaming of Research to the Community (Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 1 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : SMONAGENES Research Center, Univeritas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtridharma.2021.001.02.45

Formula enteral komersial tidak selalu diberikan pada pasien selama dirawat inap karena tergantung kebijakan Rumah Sakit (RS). Oleh karena itu formula enteral buatan Rumah Sakit atau sering disebut dengan blenderized diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi pasien, dimana pembuatannya membutuhkan keahlian khusus Ahli Gizi. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan ahli gizi atau masyarakat umum yang berkerja sebagai penjamah makanan di Rumah Sakit dalam membuat formula enteral blenderized. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dalam bentuk webinar (ceramah) dengan sasaran utama adalah ahli gizi, penjamah makanan di Rumah Sakit, dan mahasiswa jurusan gizi. Webinar dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi Zoom Meeting dengan kapasitas peserta 300 orang. Selama webinar peserta diwajibkan untuk mengisi daftar hadir, soal pre-test dan post-test terkait formula enteral blenderized. Jumlah soal pre-test dan post-test masing-masing sebanyak 10 soal yang merupakan instrumen sederhana untuk mengukur peningkatan pengetahuan peserta selama mengikuti webinar. Perbedaan rata-rata skor pre-test dan post-test dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistic paired T-Test. Hasil webinar menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor pre-test sebesar 64,70 dan skor post-test sebesar 83,93. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pre-test dan post-test (p=0,000). Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan peserta webinar tentang formula enteral blenderized.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat pada Webinar Tentang Peran Makanan untuk Meningkatkan Sistem Imun di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Harti, Leny Budhi; Cempaka, Anggun Rindang; Maulidiana, Annisa Rizky; Dini, Cleonara Yanuar; Fahmi, Ilmia; Wani, Yudi Arimba
TRI DHARMA MANDIRI: Dissemination and Downstreaming of Research to the Community (Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 2 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : SMONAGENES Research Center, Univeritas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtridharma.2022.002.02.92

Kasus positif Covid-19 mulai mengalami peningkatan pada bulan Juli 2020. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah terinfeksi virus adalah dengan meningkatkan sistem imun melalui konsumsi makanan yang mengandung zat gizi seimbang. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan edukasi gizi kepada masyarakat terkait peran makanan dalam meningkatkan sistem imun pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Tujuan dari kegiatan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait peran makanan dalam meningkatkan sistem imun melalui webinar. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dalam bentuk webinar dengan sasaran masyarakat umum, mahasiswa, dan ahli gizi sejumlah 188 orang. Webinar dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi Zoom Meeting dengan kapasitas peserta 300 orang. Pengetahuan peserta webinar diukur menggunakan soal pre- dan post-test masing-masing sebanyak 10 soal. Perbedaan nilai pre- dan post-test dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Hasil webinar menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan yang bermakna (p < 0,001) dari nilai rerata pre-test (57,90 ± 16,91) menjadi nilai rerata post-test (77,37 ± 18,72). Peningkatan pengetahuan peserta webinar mencapai 33,63%. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait peran makan dalam meningkatkan sistem imun dapat dilakukan melalui webinar.

Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Dalam Pengukuran dan Pemantauan Status Gizi Anak Usia Prasekolah di Kabupaten Malang Maulidiana, Annisa Rizky; Fahmi, Ilmia; Ariestiningsih, Ayuningtyas Dian
TRI DHARMA MANDIRI: Dissemination and Downstreaming of Research to the Community (Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 4 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : SMONAGENES Research Center, Univeritas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtridharma.2024.004.01.10

Layanan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) merupakan salah satu program pemerintah dalam konvergensi intervensi pencegahan dan penanganan stunting. Guru PAUD memiliki peran penting dalam pemberian stimulasi dan pemantauan tahapan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia prasekolah. Pertumbuhan anak sangat penting untuk dipantau melalui pengukuran antropometri secara rutin setiap bulan dan penentuan status gizi menggunakan kurva pertumbuhan. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru pendidik lembaga PAUD di Kabupaten Malang dalam melakukan pengukuran dan pemantauan status gizi anak prasekolah. Metode kegiatan berupa Training of Trainers (ToT) berupa pemberian materi, pelatihan pengukuran antropometri, serta penentuan status gizi kepada 42 orang perwakilan guru PAUD di setiap kecamatan di Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai Oktober 2022. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan nilai pre-post test sebesar 39% dari 56,19 menjadi 78,10 (p < 0,001) dan peningkatan keterampilan peserta dalam melakukan pengukuran antropometri sesuai prosedur terstandar serta pengisian kurva pertumbuhan sesuai hasil ukur. Diharapkan dengan adanya kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan kesadaran guru PAUD di Kabupaten Malang dalam upaya optimalisasi monitoring tumbuh kembang anak usia prasekolah dan pencegahan masalah gizi terutama stunting.

Cardiometabolic Risk in Stunted Children: A Literature Study Renyoet, Brigitte Sarah; Fahmi, Ilmia
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i9.11677

Global health and nutrition are undergoing an epidemiological transition with the emergence of the "Triple Burden of Malnutrition," which includes undernutrition, obesity, and micronutrient deficiencies. Children experiencing stunting are at high risk for long-term cardiometabolic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, longitudinal studies exploring the relationship between stunting and cardiometabolic risk are still limited. This study aims to identify and examine the relationship between stunting in children and the associated cardiometabolic risks and evaluate interventions implemented to reduce these risks. A literature review approach was conducted by analyzing 22 research articles focusing on children aged 0-5 years with stunting status. Inclusion criteria included evaluating cardiometabolic risks such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The literature search followed PRISMA guidelines and utilized PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. The research indicates that stunting significantly impacts the risk of cardiometabolic issues in the future. Early nutritional interventions, such as protein-energy supplementation and ongoing dietary counseling, have effectively reduced these risks; however, socioeconomic factors often influence their effectiveness. Addressing stunting should be a priority in preventing long-term health risks. A holistic approach is needed, integrating nutritional, health, and social aspects to tackle this issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

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