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All Journal Arena Hukum Ahmad Dahlan Legal Perspective JIMR : Journal Of International Multidisciplinary Research INCIDENTAL : JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY SERVICE AND EMPOWERMENT Syura: Journal of Law Jurnal Pendidikan, Hukum, Komunikasi
Melki T. Tunggati
Universitas Bina Taruna Gorontalo
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other

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PREVENTIVE CONSTITUTIONAL HARM DAN DIGITAL SOVEREIGNTY SEBAGAI KONSTRUKSI BARU PERLINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI DALAM KERJA SAMA INTERNASIONAL Melki T. Tunggati; Sri Wahyuni S. Moha; Mohamad Batu; Irwan Polidu; Arif Mahfudin Ibrahim
JIMR : Journal Of International Multidisciplinary Research Vol 5 No 01 (2026): JIMR : Journal Of International Multidisciplinary Research
Publisher : Pusat Studi Ekonomi Publikasi Ilmiah dan Pengembangan SDM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62668/jimr.v5i01.2503

Abstract

This study aims to construct the concepts of “preventive constitutional harm” and “digital sovereignty” as a new paradigm for personal data protection in international cooperation, analyze the normative gap between Article 62(2) (2) of the Personal Data Prot ection Law (PDP Law) against the constitutional standards of Article 28G(1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and to formulate a comprehensive constitutional protection model to fill this normative gap. This study employs a normative legal research method using a legislative approach, a case-based approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative law approach to the EU’s GDPR, Brazil’s LGPD, and Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Act. The findings indicate that Article 62( (2) of the PDP Law contains a multidimensional normative gap encompassing substantive, institution al, procedural-democratic, and remedial dimensions; thus, this study formulates the CDPFIC as an integrative model that positions digital sovereignty as an operational constitutional constraint on execu tive discretion in international cooperation regarding the transfer of personal data of Indonesian citizens.
Kompetensi Relatif Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial Dalam Perspektif Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Berbasis Fleksibilitas Kerja (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 60/PUU-XXIV/2026) Melki T. Tunggati; Ellys Rachman; Sri Nurnaningsih Rachman; Andi Yusuf Katili
Jurnal Pendidikan, Hukum, Komunikasi (J-DIKUMSI) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Pendidikan, Hukum, Komunikasi (J-DIKUMSI)
Publisher : CV. Dalle’ Deceng Abeeayla

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69623/j-dikumsi.v2i2.284

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstitusionalitas norma kompetensi relatif pengadilan hubungan industrial dalam Pasal 81 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2004 dari perspektif kebijakan ketenagakerjaan berbasis fleksibilitas kerja, serta mengkaji implikasi yuridis dissenting opinion dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 60/PUU-XXIV/2026 terhadap rekonstruksi kebijakan hukum acara yang berorientasi pada akses keadilan bagi pekerja/buruh alih daya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual, yang bahan hukumnya dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui teknik interpretasi gramatikal, sistematis, dan teleologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mahkamah secara formal tepat mempertahankan konstitusionalitas Pasal 81 UU 2/2004 berdasarkan asas lex specialis dan kepastian hukum, namun norma tersebut mengandung constitutional deficiency substantif karena masih berpijak pada asumsi hubungan kerja tunggal-lokasi yang tidak lagi relevan dengan realitas relasi kerja triadik dan multi-lokasi pada skema alih daya, sebagaimana diperkuat oleh dua dissenting opinion yang mengusulkan perluasan forum gugatan berbasis prinsip access to justice. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa diperlukan rekonstruksi kebijakan hukum acara PHI yang mengintegrasikan prinsip pertanggungjawaban bersama antara perusahaan alih daya dan perusahaan pengguna jasa. Implikasinya, temuan ini memberikan basis argumentasi akademik bagi pembentuk undang-undang dalam merevisi Pasal 81 UU 2/2004 ke arah yang lebih adaptif. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan menempuh pendekatan sosio-legal untuk menguji secara empiris hambatan akses keadilan yang dialami pekerja alih daya dalam praktik peradilan hubungan industrial.
SOSIALISASI PERLINDUNGAN MEREK DAN HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL BAGI PELAKU UMKM DI KECAMATAN DUMBO RAYA, KOTA GORONTALO Karlin Z. Mamu; Melki T. Tunggati; Nirwan Junus; Sri Olawaty DJ. Suaib
INCIDENTAL : Journal Of Community Service and Empowerment Vol 5 No 1 (2026): INCIDENTAL : Journal of Community Service And Empowerment
Publisher : Pusat Studi Ekonomi Publikasi Ilmiah dan Pengembangan SDM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62668/ijcse.v5i1.2532

Abstract

This community service program aims to enhance the legal understanding and awareness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Dumbo Raya Subdistrict, Gorontalo City, regarding the importance of trademark protection and intellectual property rights (IPR) under Law No. 20 of 2016 on Trademarks and Geographical Indications. The method employed was a participatory educational approach through legal outreach sessions, seminars, interactive discussions, and evaluations based on pre-test and post-test questionnaires. The results of the activity showed that prior to the outreach, the majority of participants had very low levels of legal literacy, both in terms of conceptual understanding of trademarks and technical understanding of the trademark registration process at the Directorate General of Intellectual Property. After the outreach activities were conducted, there was a significant improvement in all aspects of the participants’ legal understanding and awareness. These findings demonstrate that structured and practical legal outreach is an effective tool for promoting IPR literacy and fostering sustained legal compliance among MSME operators.
Legal Compliance with Merger Notification Requirements for Foreign Business Entities in the Crypto Asset Sector: An Analysis of KPPU Decision No. 16/KPPU-M/2024 Melki T. Tunggati; Karlin Z. Mamu; Sofyan Piyo
Syura: Journal of Law Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam (STAI) Darul Ulum Banyuanyar Pamekasan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58223/syura.v4i2.801

Abstract

This research critically examines the legal compliance of foreign business actors with merger notification obligations in Indonesia's crypto asset sector, using KPPU Decision Number 16/KPPU-M/2024 as its empirical anchor while offering a theoretical contribution that integrates extraterritorial jurisdiction doctrine with legal compliance theory. Employing normative legal research through statutory, case, and comparative approaches, this study evaluates the reasoning quality of the Commission's decision rather than merely describing it, finding that while two of four violation elements were soundly proven, two others were established declaratively without transparent methodology. A comprehensive four-country comparison (Indonesia, the European Union, the United States, and Singapore) reveals that Indonesia is the only jurisdiction lacking any structured compliance guidance for foreign investors, and that its fixed administrative sanction produced a disproportionately weak deterrent against a multinational entity affiliated with Binance. The study further develops an original analytical framework identifying four structural dimensions unique to crypto markets, namely market concentration, network effects, platform dominance, and data concentration, none of which are captured by Indonesia's conventional asset-and-sales-value merger thresholds. These findings indicate that foreign business actors' non-compliance stems not merely from individual negligence but from systemic regulatory and institutional gaps. The research concludes that effective merger oversight in the crypto sector requires responsive regulatory reform, a gradual transition toward pre-merger notification, and sector-specific compliance instruments, while acknowledging its limitation as a single-case normative study whose findings warrant further empirical validation.
Konstruksi Hukum Aset Pihak Ketiga sebagai Boedel Pailit dalam Skema Triangulasi Utang-Piutang (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 179 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2020) Melki T. Tunggati; Arif Mahfudin Ibrahim; Sri Wahyuni S. Moha; Sri Olawaty Suaib
Ahmad Dahlan Legal Perspective Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/adlp.v6i1.15823

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji konstruksi hukum actio pauliana terhadap aset milik pihak ketiga yang dialihkan sebagai pembayaran utang debitor pailit dalam periode kritis satu tahun sebelum putusan pailit dijatuhkan, isu yang belum banyak dibedah dalam penelitian terdahulu yang umumnya berfokus pada pengalihan aset langsung debitor-kreditor atau perlindungan pembeli beritikad baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab dua rumusan masalah, yaitu bagaimana konstruksi hukum pengalihan aset pihak ketiga sebagai pembayaran utang debitor pailit dalam kerangka actio pauliana, dan bagaimana bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap kreditor konkuren atas pengalihan tersebut, berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 179 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2020. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, kasus, dan konseptual dengan analisis preskriptif-analitis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Mahkamah Agung menerapkan prinsip substance over form untuk mengategorikan aset pihak ketiga sebagai bagian boedel pailit berdasarkan teori tanggungan umum, sekaligus mencerminkan rasionalitas disgorging unjust enrichment guna mencegah keuntungan tidak adil bagi kreditor penerima. Namun, penerapan substance over form perlu dibatasi pada kriteria kumulatif tertentu karena tidak berbasis norma perdata eksplisit, dan ratio decidendi Mahkamah Agung masih menyisakan kelemahan elaboratif sehingga kepastian hukum yang terbentuk bersifat retrospektif. Penelitian ini berkontribusi memperluas cakupan actio pauliana terhadap skema triangulasi utang-piutang dalam hukum kepailitan Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Actio Pauliana; Kreditor Konkuren; Pengalihan Aset Pihak Ketiga; Kepailitan; Konstruksi Hukum.
Reorientation of Law Enforcement of Excise Crimes Through the Ultimum Remedium Approach Sri Olawaty DJ. Suaib; Melki T. Tunggati
Arena Hukum Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.arenahukum2026.01901.7

Abstract

Law enforcement against excise crimes in Indonesia remains ineffective, as the punitive approach (primum remedium) is overly dominant, leading to suboptimal recovery of state losses and increased excise taxpayer compliance. This condition emphasises the urgency of applying the ultimum remedium principle, such as imposing criminal sanctions as a last resort after administrative mechanisms prove ineffective. This research examines legal issues regarding the effectiveness of applying the ultimum remedium principle in excise crimes and the ideal model for its implementation. Previous research by Ramadhan et al. (2024) highlighted ultimum remedium as a means of recovering state losses, while Kartanto et al. (2020) discussed the direction of applying this principle in tax crimes; however, they did not specifically analyse the implementation issues in excise crimes and the reorientation model for their law enforcement. This research also analyses the effectiveness of applying this principle and offers an ideal model formulation. The method used is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches.  Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials were analysed using a descriptive-analytical, prescriptive method, involving deductive reasoning and teleological interpretation. The results show that the application of ultimum remedium has been adopted in excise and tax regulations, but it has not been optimal due to limited understanding among apparatus, unclear regulatory parameters, weak inter-agency coordination, and the dilemma between state loss recovery and deterrent effects. Therefore, reformulation is needed through multi-level strategies, strengthening restorative mechanisms, regulatory harmonisation, and an integrated monitoring system. This research contributes to the development of restorative-based fiscal law and opens opportunities for cross-country comparative studies related to fiscal violations.
Co-Authors Arif Mahfudin Ibrahim Arif Mahfudin Ibrahim Ellys Rachman Irwan Polidu Katili, Andi Yusuf Mamu, Karlin Z Mohamad Batu Nirwan Junus Sofyan Piyo Sri Nurnaningsih Rachman Sri Olawaty DJ. Suaib Sri Olawaty DJ. Suaib Sri Olawaty Suaib Sri Wahyuni Moha Sri Wahyuni S. Moha