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All Journal Indonesian Perspective Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Indonesian Journal of International Relations Padjadjaran Journal of International Relations Jurnal Al Azhar Indonesia Seri Ilmu Sosial Global South Review Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs Soshum: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Indonesian Perspective Global Focus Journal Middle East and Islamic Studies Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies Bhuvana: Journal of Global Studies Jisiera: The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations
Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua
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Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Social Sciences Other

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The Southern Voice: Zapatista and the Challenge towards Neoliberal Agenda in a Globalized World Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Andara, Namira Naza; Hutauruk, Muhammad David Ferdian
Global South Review Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Global South Review
Publisher : Institute of International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/globalsouth.97187

Abstract

The Zapatistas, emerging in the early 1990s in Chiapas, Mexico, advocate for indigenous autonomy, participatory democracy, and social justice, offering a powerful critique of neoliberal globalization. Their decentralized governance model, based on autonomous municipalities known as "caracoles," emphasizes collective consensus, horizontalism, and grassroots self-governance, challenging conventional power structures. This study utilizes qualitative research through literature analysis and frames its discussion within critical perspective. By critiquing neoliberal policies and advocating for indigenous dignity and autonomy, the Zapatistas underscore the detrimental impacts of globalization on marginalized communities, presenting a broader struggle against capitalist exploitation. It explores the Zapatistas’ ideological foundations, strategic resistance to NAFTA, and its critique of neoliberal globalization highlighting its significance for global social movements. The movement’s unique operational model contrasts with Mexico's hierarchical systems, promoting local authority and community empowerment. The Zapatistas' commitment to gender equality, education, healthcare, and improved living standards reflects their vision of a pluralistic and inclusive society. Their slogan, "a world where many worlds fit," continues to inspire contemporary social movements worldwide, advocating for a just and equitable society.
The Role of UN Women in the Implementation of SDG 5 in Conflict Area: A Case Study of Palestine Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua
Jisiera: The Journal of Islamic Studies and International Relations Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Jisiera Volume 7, April, 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Islamic Studies and International Relations Association (Insiera)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11047425

Abstract

This article discusses UN Women's role in implementing gender equality under Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5 in Palestine, a region prone to ongoing conflict with Israel. Women in conflict zones are often victims of physical, sexual and psychological violence and experience limited access to health and education services. UN Women, as a UN agency that focuses on gender equality, has an important role in encouraging the implementation of SDG 5 in conflict areas such as Palestine. Using descriptive qualitative research methods, this article analyzes the history and role of UN Women, the relationship between SDG 5 and conflict areas, and indications of gender inequality in the Palestinian conflict, such as violence against women and limited access to health services. Based on this analysis, the research question formulated is "How is UN Women's role in implementing gender equality contained in SDG 5 as a global agenda in situations in areas that are prone to prolonged conflict such as in Palestine?" This article aims to describe and analyze the role of UN Women in promoting gender equality in Palestine and to look at the effectiveness of SDGs in advancing gender equality in the midst of conflict.
Perdagangan Minyak Sawit Indonesia ke India: Analisis Ecologically Unequal Exchange Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua
Indonesian Perspective Vol 8, No 2: (Juli-Desember 2023): 211-338
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v8i2.53035

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perdagangan sawit Indonesia dengan india menggunakan perspektif sistem dunia. Indonesia merupakan produsen sawit terbesar di dunia yang memasok lebih dari setengah kebutuhan sawit global, termasuk India. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa meskipun volume perdagangan dengan India berada pada angka yang tinggi, namun keuntungan yang didapat Indonesia cenderung menurun. Ketidakmampuan Indonesia dalam mengontrol harga sawit, salah satunya disebabkan karena masih bergantung pada permintaan global. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa India mendorong basis produksi sawit yang murah ke negara peripheral seperti Indonesia yang berdampak terhadap kondisi ekologis masyarakat lokal, yang diperparah oleh dominasi kapitalis global terhadap penguasaan lahan sawit di Indonesia. Artikel ini membuktikan bahwa terjadi distribusi yang tidak setara antara benefit dan cost dari perdagangan sawit Indonesia dengan India, terutama pada aspek ekologis dengan Indonesia berperan sebagai negara peripheral.  
Setting New Delhi's Sail: A Realism Perspective of India's Pivot towards Israel Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Manullang, Abel Josafat; Pradana, Muhammad Erza
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.02.5

Abstract

Since its escalation on October 7th, 2023, the Israel-Palestine conflict has become a pivotal event, drawing global attention and complicating post-COVID international relations. India's historical stance of nonalignment, rooted in anti-colonialism and southern solidarity, has traditionally favored Palestinian independence. However, since the 1990s, India has gradually shifted its foreign policy, deepening ties with Israel amidst evolving geopolitical dynamics. This paper explores the factors driving India's shift towards stronger relations with Israel through a realist perspective. This paper employs the qualitative research methods with literature studies using primary and secondary data. The paper examines India's strategic adaptations in response to its rivalries with China and Pakistan. It finds that under BJP leadership, India's relationship with Israel has flourished, marked by extensive diplomatic exchanges and significant arms trade, making Israel a crucial ally in India's defense modernization. This partnership has provided India with critical military capabilities and technological advancements. The authors conclude that India's pursuit of strategic autonomy allows it to maintain agency and pursuit of national interests with little to none external restraints. This strategic autonomy approach underscores India's commitment to enhanced security and technological self-sufficiency amidst regional and global power shifts.
Mengapa Reformasi Dewan Keamanan PBB Sulit Dilakukan? Telaah Realisme Pada Kasus Perang Rusia-Ukraina Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Alyanisa, Rahmah; Zakiah, Halimatun; Kuncoro, Abdillah Ibnu
Jurnal Al Azhar Indonesia Seri Ilmu Sosial Vol 5, No 2 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36722/jaiss.v5i2.2601

Abstract

Konflik internasional, terutama perang Rusia-Ukraina, telah menjadi fokus perhatian dunia dan menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang peran Dewan Keamanan PBB dalam menjaga perdamaian dan keamanan internasional. Dewan Keamanan PBB, dengan lima anggota tetap yang memiliki hak veto, dihadapkan pada kritik terkait penggunaan hak istimewa ini, yang dianggap membatasi kemampuan Dewan untuk bertindak secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami mengapa upaya reformasi Dewan Keamanan PBB selalu gagal untuk direalisasikan, terutama dalam konteks konflik Rusia-Ukraina. Artikel ini menggunakan Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Deskriptif dengan sumber data sekunder yang berasal dari penelitian terdahulu, dokumen resmi, serta berita. Menggunakan paradigma neorealisme, artikel ini mencoba untuk memahami perilaku negara-negara anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan. Dalam perspektif neorealis, kekuasaan negara-bangsa dan kepentingan nasional dianggap sebagai faktor utama dalam hubungan internasional. Neorealisme Waltz dalam hal ini diintegrasikan untuk memberikan pemahaman struktural terhadap dinamika internasional yang membentuk perilaku negara. Kajian realisme dalam artikel ini menemukan bahwa tidak terealisasikannya reformasi DK PBB disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, yakni (1) perbedaan pendapat anggota tetap tentang arah reformasi, (2) keengganan anggota tetap untuk melepaskan status hak istimewa (3) hambatan struktural dalam Piagam PBB, serta (4) inkonsistensi dukungan negara non-anggota ketika dihadapkan pada kepentingan politik. Kata kunci: Hak Veto; Perang Rusia-Ukraina; Realisme; Reformasi Dewan Keamanan PBB.
Navigating the Discord: Assessing Civil-Military Relations Theory in Public Transparency Debate Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil; Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.7934

Abstract

Indonesia's government has faced significant criticism for its lack of transparency regarding defense and military expenditures. In early 2024, this issue garnered peak public attention when Prabowo Subianto, a key figure in Indonesia's military activities, defended the non-transparent approach as vital for securing regional strategic interests. This stance conflicts with the principles of liberal democracy, which prioritize public needs and aspirations. After reviewing existing literature, this paper finds that the Civil-Military Relations (CMR) theory has not yet been applied to assess the issue of military transparency at a domestic level. This study examines whether CMR theory can serve as an analytical framework for the discord between public demands for transparency towards military organizations. The findings suggest that while CMR theory is relevant to the relationship between civil and military and its justification for public demands for military transparency, the normative framework itself is inconsistent. Resonating with the existing literature, this paper also finds that this CMR is yet to be integrated with the corridor of political science and, thus best studied for practical and strategic needs; hence explains the requirement to assess more contextual and nuanced variables.
The International Energy Agency's Role in Supporting the Sustainability of Renewable Energy Supply in Indonesia Situmeang, Nurmasari; Putri, Sindy Yulia; Desbrantoro, Shafa Qisisina; Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Putri, Syifa Aprilia
Soshum: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Unit Publikasi Ilmiah, P3M, Politeknik Negeri Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31940/soshum.v14i1.1-9

Abstract

Indonesia, as a country with abundant natural resources, faces serious challenges related to the use of non-renewable natural resources such as petroleum. Negative environmental impacts and the risk of depletion of these resources have triggered the need for a transition to renewable energy. We use an inductive qualitative method through document research as data collection. Given the International Energy Agency's (IEA) role in supporting national energy sustainability and reviewing Indonesia's energy policies, a pertinent question arises regarding its role in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the concrete role of the International Energy Agency (IEA) in supporting the sustainability of renewable energy supply in Indonesia with reference to SDG 7. This study finds that the role of the IEA in striving for a renewable energy transition in Indonesia centres on providing analysis of the potential and challenges as well as policy recommendations to direct the government in developing strategies for implementing renewable energy. The IEA also facilitates international cooperation, technology transfer, and investment in the renewable energy sector. Indonesia is committed to achieving the targets of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7, which focuses on universal access to affordable, clean, and sustainable energy. Cooperation with the IEA will continue to be key in achieving this goal, especially to achieve the net-zero emissions target by 2060 and ensure the availability of a sustainable renewable energy supply.
Co-Authors Alyanisa, Rahmah Ana Maulana, Ana Andara, Namira Naza Augustin, Aliffa Desbrantoro, Shafa Qisisina Firzatullah, Mohammad Fadhil Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil Hutauruk, Muhammad David Ferdian Kinanti, Finsy Aurelia Putri Kuncoro, Abdillah Ibnu Maharani, Azzahra Manullang, Abel Josafat Manurung, Steven Montesquieu Miftah, Hafidz Zaula Nurmasari Situmeang Pradana, Muhammad Erza Putri, Syifa Aprilia Saefulloh, Riesky Ramdhani Sindy Yulia Putri Wijaya, Muhammad Farid Gibran Zakiah, Halimatun