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All Journal Nusantara Hasana Journal Journal of Digital Learning and Distance Education International Journal of Scientific Multidisciplinary Research (IJSMR) Journal International Journal of Teaching and Learning (INJOTEL) Journal of Social and Humanities International Journal of Integrated Science and Technology Al-Jamahiria : Jurnal Komunikasi dan Dakwah Islam Journal of Advanced Computer Knowledge and Algorithms Education Specialist
Musawer HAKIMI
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Nursing Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Journal of Advanced Computer Knowledge and Algorithms

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AI-based Phishing Attacks on University Networks: A Systematic Literature Review and Defense Framework Saidamin Sajid; Abdul Wajid Fazil; Musawer Hakimi
Journal of Advanced Computer Knowledge and Algorithms Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Advanced Computer Knowledge and Algorithms - April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Department of Informatics, Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jacka.v3i2.26650

Abstract

Phishing continues to be a major issue not only affecting the internet users but also being a big problem for the cybersecurity world; university networks are the most probable attack targets due to their open infrastructures, diverse user population, and limited security resources. The breakthrough in artificial intelligence (AI), notably large language models, has not only made phishing attacks more sophisticated and realistic but also envisioning new defense techniques based on machine learning and natural language processing. This current research report is a systematic literature review (SLR) of 53 academic studies that examine the dual aspect of AI in promoting and hindering phishing attacks in higher education institutions (HEIs). The review reveals three prominent points: emails sent by AI are increasingly real and adaptable; AI-based detection systems are very effective in laboratory-like conditions but struggle against new and adversarial attacks; and human factors like lack of user awareness and slow incident reporting are still the main vulnerabilities. The research then proposes a multi-layered defense framework that includes infrastructure strengthening, AI detection, human-centered awareness training, incident response mechanisms, and governance policies. This framework provides a practical roadmap for HEIs to boost their cybersecurity resilience and play a part in the sustainable growth of the university.
Co-Authors Abdul Wajid Fazil Amir Kror Shahidzay Asemah Hasab Asma MUHID Asmatullah Rashidi Bayani, Bibi Marwa FarhDiba Nabezada Farid, Ahmad Salman Fazila AKRAMI Helena ULUSI Khatera AKRAMI Khudai Qul Khaliqyar Maleena Safi Masooma Amini Mehriya Daudzai Mohammad Reshad OLUSI Mohammadullah Shirpoor Mursal AKRAMI Nargis Hakimi Nasrullah Rahimi Quraishi, Tamanna Rohina Salamzada Saidamin Sajid Samira Yashar Sebghatullah Aslamzai Shairagha Katebzadah Tamanna Quraishi Zahra Nejrabi