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Claim Audit by BPKP (Financial and Development Supervisory Agency) on Construction Contracts in BUMN Efendy, Prasetyo; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
International Journal of Law Policy and Governance Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Asosiasi Dosen Peneliti Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54099/ijlpg.v4i2.1236

Construction service work is the most complex work compared to other industries. It is not surprising that in the implementation of construction service work, things arise that deviate from the initial planning, resulting in claims by the Provider of Goods/Services to the User of Goods/Services. In construction service work owned by BUMN (State-Owned Enterprises), several construction claims that have occurred that have been previously reviewed by the Provider of Goods/Services, are continued for the claim audit process by BPKP (Financial and Development Supervisory Agency), especially for claims related to additional costs that are quite large in value. Of course, this requires a mutual agreement between the User of Goods/Services and the Provider of Goods/Services to jointly submit a claim audit application to BPKP. This claim audit application to BPKP is carried out to ensure the amount of the claim submitted by the Provider of Goods/Services, where BPKP is seen as a competent and experienced body for claim audits. Problems will arise if: The Provider of Goods/Services does not agree to the claim audit process to BPKP because it is not stated in the construction contract or the Provider of Goods/Services does not agree with the results of the claim audit conducted by BPKP. In the event that the claim is not fulfilled or resolved, it means that a dispute has occurred between the contracting parties. This dispute must be resolved through the legal channels chosen by the parties in the contract, either through Alternative Dispute Resolution (Consultation, Negotiation, Mediation, Conciliation, Expert Assessment), Arbitration, or through the Court. The dispute resolution process will take longer, so it is necessary to rethink whether this claim audit to BPKP can be a faster way to resolve construction contract claims.

Dampak Perilaku Masyarakat Terhadap Penetapan Kawasan Industri Terpadu Batang di Batang Sami’an, Sami’an; Al Farisi, Salman; Milzam, Muhammad; Addi Syirfan, Muhammad; Bagastio, Andrew
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v4i4.13488

Perubahan akibat pembangunan yang berlangsung dengan pesat, selain mendatangkan kemakmuran bagi masyarakat juga memberi pengaruh terhadap lingkungan sosial, ekonomi setempat. Untuk itu setiap pembangunan industri harus memperhitungkan dampak yang mungkin ditimbulkan. Dampak ini meliputi dampak yang bersifat positif dan negatif. Keberadaan kawasan industri juga dapat memicu terjadinya mobilitas penduduk pendatang ke daerah sekitar kawasan industri. Keberadaan penduduk pendatang akan berpengaruh terhadap pergeseran perilaku sosial dalam tingkat solidaritas antara penduduk lokal dan penduduk pendatang yang membawa tata nilai dan perilakunya dengan masyarakat setempat. Akibatnya melemah dan melunturnya solidaritas dalam hal bergotong royong diakibatkan dari kesibukan dan banyaknya masyarakat yang menghabiskan waktu di tempat kerja. Kesibukan itulah yang membuat masyarakat menjadi kurang perhatian terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya yang menyebabkan melunturnya solidaritas dalam hal bergotong royong. Dampak pembangunan kawasan industri diharapkan mampu menciptakan keanekaragaman kehidupan ekonomi dan menciptakan lapangan kerja baru. penetapan kawasan industri akan menciptakan peluang kerja baik dari sektor industri itu sendiri maupun di sektor lain seperti sektor jasa dan perdagangan, sehingga mendorong peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat yang akan berimplikasi terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat ke arah yang lebih baik dan merata. Dampak lain dari kehadiran kawasan industri ini pun berdampak bagi kehidupan masyarakat pedesaan, pada pola perilaku masyarakat, yang lambat laun mulai pudar tergerus oleh zaman.

Penyelesaian Sengketa Konstruksi Melalui Arbitrase Fransiska, Era; Saputro, Adi; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/japendi.v6i2.7388

Penelitian ini melakukan analisis komprehensif terhadap implementasi arbitrase dalam penyelesaian sengketa konstruksi di Indonesia. Menggunakan metodologi yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif, penelitian ini mengkaji Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 tentang Jasa Konstruksi. Analisis data BANI periode 2019-2023 mengungkapkan mekanisme arbitrase yang sistematis meliputi prosedur pengajuan, pemilihan arbiter (45% praktisi hukum konstruksi, 30% akademisi hukum, 25% ahli teknik), proses pemeriksaan, dan implementasi putusan. Penelitian mengidentifikasi empat tantangan utama: biaya awal tinggi (30% di atas litigasi), keterbatasan upaya hukum pasca putusan (23% responden keberatan), kompleksitas prosedural (35% kasus tertunda), dan potensi konflik kepentingan (18% kasus). Meski menghadapi tantangan, arbitrase menunjukkan efektivitas melalui standardisasi kualifikasi arbiter (tingkat kompetensi 92%), perlindungan kerahasiaan (tingkat kepuasan 87%), dan kepatuhan sukarela tinggi (75% putusan). Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun arbitrase menawarkan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efisien, dibuktikan dengan rata-rata waktu penyelesaian 180 hari berbanding 2-3 tahun untuk litigasi, diperlukan penyempurnaan sistematis dalam struktur biaya, mekanisme review, modernisasi prosedur, dan verifikasi independensi arbiter

The Efectiveness of Arbitration Mechanisms in The Resolution Of Construction Disputes In Indonesia: A Critical Analysis of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration And Alternative Dispute Resolution Pakpahan, Alfredo; Saragih, Hidbar Roberta; Wisatrioda, Bayu; Laia, Kharisman; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2619

Disputes in construction projects often arise from divergent interpretations of contracts, delays in execution, and the complex dynamics of scope changes. Within this context, arbitration has long been regarded as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism that promises efficiency, fairness, and confidentiality outside the court system. However, more than two decades after the enactment of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, its effectiveness in the construction sector remains subject to debate and scrutiny. This study critically examines the effectiveness of arbitration in resolving construction disputes under the legal framework established by Law No. 30 of 1999. Using a normative juridical approach, it reviews statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and field practices, complemented by interviews with legal practitioners and construction arbitrators. The findings reveal that while arbitration offers advantages in terms of confidentiality, procedural flexibility, and finality of decisions, its practical effectiveness is often constrained by high procedural costs, limited contractual understanding among parties, and challenges in enforcing arbitral awards through the courts. Furthermore, the substance of Law No. 30 of 1999 appears insufficiently adaptive to the technical and multidimensional nature of modern construction disputes. This research therefore recommends revising and modernizing the law particularly by strengthening the enforceability of arbitral awards, standardizing arbitration institutions, and enhancing the competence of human resources in construction law. Ultimately, arbitration should evolve as a mechanism not only for efficient dispute resolution but also for upholding justice, legal certainty, and professional integrity in Indonesia’s construction sector.

Analysis of Management of Legal Consequences of Service Provider Default on Project Delays: A Legal Study and Relational Approach to Dispute Prevention Setijanto, Augustinus; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development) Vol 8 No 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : LPPM of NAROTAMA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29138/ijebd.v8i6.3470

Delays in construction work execution represent one of the most common forms of default that trigger disputes between employers and contractors. Within Indonesia’s civil law framework, such default entails legal consequences including delay penalties, compensation, contract termination, and enforcement of performance bonds. This study examines these legal implications under the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), Law No. 2 of 2017 on Construction Services, and several Supreme Court decisions with permanent legal force namely Decisions No. 294 PK/Pdt/2014, No. 3053 K/Pdt/2011, and No. 60 K/Pdt/2020. The research adopts a normative juridical approach supported by secondary data from literature review and judicial case analysis. It also proposes a dispute-prevention hypothesis founded on effective communication through guanxi, dynamic relationship, and personal approach, aimed at reinforcing loyalty and preventing conflict. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s positive legal system remains sanction-oriented and emphasizes legal certainty, whereas sustainable dispute prevention requires a paradigm grounded in relational trust. Integrating relational approaches into construction contract practice may establish equilibrium between legal certainty and substantive justice.

The Efectiveness of Arbitration Mechanisms in The Resolution Of Construction Disputes In Indonesia: A Critical Analysis of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration And Alternative Dispute Resolution Pakpahan, Alfredo; Saragih, Hidbar Roberta; Wisatrioda, Bayu; Laia, Kharisman; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2619

Disputes in construction projects often arise from divergent interpretations of contracts, delays in execution, and the complex dynamics of scope changes. Within this context, arbitration has long been regarded as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism that promises efficiency, fairness, and confidentiality outside the court system. However, more than two decades after the enactment of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, its effectiveness in the construction sector remains subject to debate and scrutiny. This study critically examines the effectiveness of arbitration in resolving construction disputes under the legal framework established by Law No. 30 of 1999. Using a normative juridical approach, it reviews statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and field practices, complemented by interviews with legal practitioners and construction arbitrators. The findings reveal that while arbitration offers advantages in terms of confidentiality, procedural flexibility, and finality of decisions, its practical effectiveness is often constrained by high procedural costs, limited contractual understanding among parties, and challenges in enforcing arbitral awards through the courts. Furthermore, the substance of Law No. 30 of 1999 appears insufficiently adaptive to the technical and multidimensional nature of modern construction disputes. This research therefore recommends revising and modernizing the law particularly by strengthening the enforceability of arbitral awards, standardizing arbitration institutions, and enhancing the competence of human resources in construction law. Ultimately, arbitration should evolve as a mechanism not only for efficient dispute resolution but also for upholding justice, legal certainty, and professional integrity in Indonesia’s construction sector.

A Study on the Relevance of Indonesian Civil Law in Resolving EPC FIDIC Silver Book Contract Disputes Through Bani Arbitration Napitupulu, Bona Ary; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an; Noor, Ganis Vitayanti
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i2.2950

EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) contracts are increasingly used in large infrastructure projects in Indonesia due to their efficiency and clear division of responsibilities (Federation Internationale des Ingenieurs-Conseils [FIDIC], 2017). However, this contract is rooted in a Common Law system that is different from Indonesia's national legal system which adheres to Civil Law (Subekti, 2019; Satrio, 2021). This study aims to analyze the extent to which the Indonesian Civil Law system is able to maintain its legal sovereignty in the implementation of FIDIC Silver Book-based EPC contracts, as well as identify legal challenges that arise due to differences in legal principles. The method used is a normative juridical approach combined with conceptual and comparative analysis of the provisions of the Civil Code (1847), Law Number 2 of 2017 concerning Construction Services (Law of the Republic of Indonesia, 2017), and risk allocation and dispute resolution clauses in the FIDIC Conditions of Contract (FIDIC, 2017). The results of the study show that there are fundamental differences in the principle of risk sharing and dispute resolution mechanisms between the Common Law and Civil Law systems. Several clauses in FIDIC require harmonization to be in line with the principles of justice, legal certainty, and proportionality that apply in national law (Hidayat, 2021; Osei, 2022). This research contributes to strengthening academic and practical understanding of the harmonization between international contracts and national law. These findings are expected to be a conceptual basis for the development of adaptive construction legal norms while maintaining Indonesia's legal sovereignty (Lubis, 2020; Klee, 2021).

Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik dalam Menjamin Profesionalitas Konsultan Desain pada Kontrak Konstruksi Design & Build di Indonesia Pakpahan, Petra Firman; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Aditya, Agung
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7441

The Design & Build (DB) procurement model reshapes the legal structure of construction contracts by consolidating the responsibility for both design and construction under a single entity, the DB contractor. Within this structure, design consultants operate under the contractor’s authority and have no direct contractual relationship with the owner, creating potential conflicts of interest that may compromise professional independence. This normative legal research examines how the principle of good faith and the statutory principle of professionalism can be employed to interpret and regulate the obligations of DB contractors and their design consultants, particularly in ensuring the integrity and reliability of design outcomes. Using a statute-based and conceptual approach, this study analyses the Indonesian Civil Code, Law No. 2 of 2017 on Construction Services, and doctrinal writings on contract law and construction law, alongside academic literature on DB performance. The findings reveal that good faith functions as an interpretive, supplementary, and corrective principle in contractual relationships, and can therefore serve as a normative foundation to prevent undue interference by contractors in design decisions. Furthermore, the principle of professionalism requires design consultants to uphold technical standards and ethical responsibilities, even when positioned hierarchically under the contractor. The study concludes that the integration of good faith and professionalism offers an effective normative mechanism to strengthen accountability in DB projects, protect the owner’s interests, and fill the contractual gap arising from the absence of privity between the owner and the design consultant.

Penyelesaian Sengketa Kontrak Konstruksi Internasional Melalui Arbitrase ICSID Sudarsono, Sudarsono; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an; Kunantiyorini, Anik
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7442

This study aims to examine the settlement of investment disputes between the government and foreign investors through the ICSID institution and the mechanism for implementing its decisions in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a regulatory approach and a conceptual approach. ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes) is based on an international agreement that establishes an autonomous and independent system for the settlement of foreign investment disputes. The ICSID's performance does not serve as a mediator that reconciles the parties; rather, it provides an institutional and procedural framework for independent conciliation commissions and arbitration tribunals set up specifically for each dispute case. In this case, ICSID only provides dispute resolution facilities based on two sets of procedural rules, namely the provisions of the ICSID Convention along with the ICSID Regulations/Rules, as well as the ICSID Additional Facilities Rules. Furthermore, the implementation of ICSID institutional decisions in Indonesia refers to Law No. 30 of 1999 which stipulates that the authority to recognize and implement international arbitral awards lies with the Central Jakarta District Court, with a procedure that must be preceded by an application from the party concerned.

Perbandingan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak Antara Kontrak Pemerintah dan Kontrak Swasta Suryani, Sandra; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7459

The principle of freedom of contract is a fundamental principle in contract law which gives parties the authority to determine whether they will make an agreement, with whom the agreement is made, as well as the content and form of the agreement. This principle is rooted in the idea of ??autonomy of will which places contracts as the result of free agreement between the parties. However, in practice, the principle of freedom of contract is not applied uniformly to all types of contracts. Differences in the character of the parties, the purpose of the contract, and the interests protected by law cause variations in restrictions on freedom of contract, especially between government contracts and private contracts. Government contracts, even though they are in the form of agreements, cannot be separated from the state's function as organizer of public interests, so that freedom of contract in them experiences stricter restrictions. On the other hand, private contracts provide a wider space for freedom, although in practice they still face limitations due to the unequal bargaining positions of the parties. This research aims to analyze the concept of the principle of freedom of contract and compare its application in government contracts and private contracts in order to assess the relevance and legitimacy of this principle in modern contractual practice.

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