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Journal : Grimsa Journal of Science Engineering and Technology

Geothermal Flora and AgNPs Synergy: A Study on the Efficacy of Lantana camara and Acrostichum aureum-Infused Hand Sanitizers Harera, Cheariva Firsa; Maysarah, Hilda; Kemala, Pati; Idroes, Ghazi Mauer; Maulydia, Nur Balqis; Patwekar, Mohsina; Idroes, Rinaldi
Grimsa Journal of Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjset.v2i2.38

Abstract

Hand hygiene is an important factor that needs to be observed in controlling the spread of diseases transmitted through hand-to-hand contact. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from tembelekan (Lantana camara) and paku laut (Acrostichum aureum) using the green synthesis method has good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Therefore, a preparation formulation was made, namely hand sanitizer, which is still rarely used. Formulations that have successfully entered the evaluation stage include organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, spreadability tests, adhesion tests, viscosity tests, pH tests, accelerated stability tests, and irritation tests. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The hand sanitizer is formulated to contain 5% tembelekan AgNPs (F1); paku laut AgNPs 5% (F2); and a combination of 2.5% paku laut AgNPs and 2.5% tembelekan AgNPs. The resulting hand sanitizer has good organoleptic characteristics, except for the color of the preparation, which changed during the accelerated stability test. Test results for pH, adhesion, spreadability, viscosity, and homogeneity of hand sanitizer meet the requirements of a good test. Irritation tests on ten volunteers showed no irritation reaction. Antibacterial tests show that hand sanitizer has bacterial antibacterial activity with an average ± standard deviation of the inhibition zone Staphylococcus aureus is 6.605±0.459(F1); 6.665±0.615(F2); 6.380±0.282(F3) dan Escherichia coli namely 6.575 ± 0.219 (F1); 6.860 ± 0.155 (F2); 6.810 ± 0.056 (F3). Making hand sanitizer AgNPs-based ingredients from plants can be used as hand sanitizer, but stabilizers are required to prevent color changes during storage.
Sustainable Plant-Assisted Production of Silver Nanoparticle Hybrids for Antimicrobial Use: Insights from Chromolaena odorata and Patchouli Oil Pebriani, Liska Nova; Kemala, Pati; Idroes, Ghazi Mauer; Fatriasari, Widya; Khairan, Khairan; Idroes, Rinaldi
Grimsa Journal of Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjset.v4i1.117

Abstract

This study developed a green synthesis approach for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using ethanolic extracts of Chromolaena odorata leaves (LCo) collected from geothermal areas, followed by post-synthesis incorporation of patchouli oil (PO) to improve antimicrobial performance. The synthesis was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on AgNO₃ concentration and pH, with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) as the response indicator. Successful formation of AgNPs was confirmed by characteristic SPR absorption in the visible region. Structural and morphological analyses indicated the involvement of plant-derived functional groups in nanoparticle stabilization, with predominantly spherical particles and some aggregation observed. Antimicrobial testing against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans showed that the PO-AgNPs-LCo system exhibited a slightly higher inhibition zone compared to AgNPs-LCo alone, indicating a marginal enhancement in antimicrobial activity. These results suggest that geothermal-derived plant extracts can be effectively utilized for AgNPs synthesis, while post-synthesis incorporation of natural oils may provide additional functional modification. However, the observed enhancement remains limited, indicating the need for further optimization and mechanistic studies. Overall, this work highlights a simple and eco-friendly route for developing plant-based antimicrobial nanomaterials.