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Effect of Probiotic Administration of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans Isolate on Growth Performance in Broiler Chicken Faiqoh, Berliana Elok; Lamid, Mirni; Damayanti, Ratna; Chusniati, Sri; Al Arif, Mohammad Anam; Warsito, Sunaryo Hadi; Lestari, Tita Damayanti; Raharjo, Hartanto Mulyo; Rehman, Saifur; Hussain, Muhammad Asif
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023): Special Issue: International Conference on Veterinary Medicine and Health Scien
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol6.iss3.2023.99-106

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of probiotic administration of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans isolate in improving feed intake, and body weight, and feed conversion rate (FCR) in broiler chicken. A total of 24 broiler chickens divided into four treatments i.e. (P0) was a group without probiotics, (P1), (P2), and (P3) were experimental treatment groups consist of probiotic 2 mL/day, 4 mL/day, and 6 mL/day per orally. In results, feed intake, body weight, and FCR values in all treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) were significantly different (p < 0.05) from (P0) group. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between P1 and P3 group. It can be concluded that the effect of B. subtilis and B. coagulans as probiotics with a dose of 4 mL/day had a noticeable impact on feed intake, body weight, and decreased FCR.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cu(II)-EDTA Complexes: Antibacterial Studies (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) and Inhibition of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 in Vero Cell Kinetasari, Theresia Janice; Sucipto, Teguh Hari; Nugroho, Browi; Hariyono, Hariyono; Rehman, Saifur
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v13i2.69005

Abstract

The Cu(II)-EDTA complex is known to have antibacterial and antiviral potential, but its effectiveness against pathogenic bacteria and dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) still needs to be studied. This study synthesized and characterized the Cu(II)-EDTA complex of CuSO4 precursors, and then tested the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the antiviral activity against DENV-2 in Vero cells. This study successfully synthesized and characterized the Cu(II)-EDTA complex using CuSO4 as a precursor through the solvothermal method, producing blue crystals with a Cu ratio of 1:1. DSC analysis showed thermal stability up to 250°C with an endothermal peak at 270-300°C. The particles are 6.31 nm in size with a PDI of 0.076, indicating uniform distribution with nanoparticle size (<100 nm). FTIR confirms the formation of the complex through significant shifts in the O-H and C=O bands. SEM shows a layered morphology that can affect the solubility and release of substances. UV-Vis shows maximum absorbance peaks of EDTA at 244 nm and CuSO4 at 740 nm. Antibacterial tests of Cu(II)-EDTA against E. coli and S. aureus showed that Cu(II)-EDTA had less activity than pure CuSO4. For DENV-2, CuSO4 was more effective with an EC50 value of 77.86 μg/mL, lower than Cu(II)-EDTA 356.13 μg/mL, indicating that CuSO4 was better at inhibiting viral replication.
DETECTION OF SEROTYPES AND KNOCKDOWN-RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN DENGUE AND OTHER FLAVIVIRUS SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM MENGARE ISLAND, INDONESIA Dwiyanti, Tasya Amalia; Sucipto, Teguh Hari; Suhandarini, Khoirunnisa; Fathiarachman, Azizia Kanya; Nastiti, Helena Putri; Putri, Anika Rahma; Fauziyah, Shifa; Widiyanti, Prihartini; Hariyono, Hariyono; Rehman, Saifur
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 61, No. 1
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in tropical regions. This study aimed to detect flavivirus presence, DENV serotypes, and knockdown-resistance (kdr) mutations in mosquito samples collected from Mengare Island, Gresik, Indonesia. A cross-sectional experimental design was employed, utilizing reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for flavivirus detection and serotyping, as well as for identifying kdr mutations. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction was performed using the Quick-RNA™ Miniprep Plus Kit (Zymo Research, Irvine, CA, USA), followed by RT-PCR with specific primers for DENV serotypes 1–4 and kdr mutations (V1016G and F1534C). Six adult female Aedes albopictus mosquitoes were analyzed in this study. The results revealed no evidence of flavivirus infection or DENV serotypes in the mosquito samples, as no complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) bands corresponding to expected base pair sizes were observed on the agarose gels. Similarly, the analysis of kdr mutations showed that all samples were homozygous wildtype, with no mutations detected at the V1016G or F1534C loci. In conclusion, these findings suggest the absence of active dengue virus transmission or notable insecticide resistance in the studied mosquito population from Mengare Island. This study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring of flavivirus presence and resistance mutations. The variability in kdr mutation frequencies across regions underscores the need for sustained surveillance and effective control measures to mitigate potential outbreaks in high-risk areas such as Mengare Island.
Detection of the iroN gene in strains of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in ducks at the Surabaya live market Kendek, Irfan Alias; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Wibisono, Freshinta Jellia; Putri, Mariana Febrilianti Resilinda; Abidin, Zainul; Naseh, Naseh; Rehman, Saifur; Khairullah, Aswin Rafif; Yanestria, Sheila Marty; Pratama, Bima Putra; Kurniasih, Dea Anita Ariani; Ahmad, Riza Zainuddin; Tang, John Yew Huat; Kurniawan, Muhammad ‘Ahdi; Dameanti, Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss1.2026.242-258

Abstract

Escherichia coli normally inhabits the intestinal tract of poultry as a commensal organism; however, specific strains such as avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) may become opportunistic pathogens responsible for colibacillosis in birds. The inappropriate use of antibiotics can increase antimicrobial resistance, which may impact public health. This study aimed to detect the presence of the iroN virulence gene specifically in multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates associated with APEC obtained from duck cloacal swabs collected at live markets in Surabaya. This study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional survey, and the results are presented as prevalence proportions without inferential or correlation statistical testing, as iroN detection was performed exclusively on MDR isolates. Samples were collected from five live markets in Surabaya and cultured on MacConkey agar (MCA). E. coli was identified morphologically through Gram staining and biochemically using Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA), Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM), Simmons Citrate Agar (SCA), indole, and methyl red–Voges–Proskauer (MR–VP) tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on all confirmed E. coli isolates (n = 120), and PCR analysis of the iroN gene was subsequently conducted only on MDR isolates (n = 14). The identification rate of E. coli in this study was 83.3% (120/144). Resistance to erythromycin was 81.7% (98/120), which likely reflects the intrinsic resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to macrolides rather than acquired antimicrobial resistance. This was followed by resistance to gentamicin at 19.2% (23/120), ciprofloxacin at 14.2% (17/120), aztreonam at 3.3% (4/120), and chloramphenicol at 2.5% (3/120). The prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) was 11.6% (14/120). Among these MDR isolates, 42.8% (6/14) were positive for the iroN virulence gene. No statistical association between MDR status and iroN carriage was assessed because non-MDR isolates were not screened for iroN. These findings provide baseline descriptive data on MDR and iroN-positive E. coli in traditional markets in Surabaya based on a limited panel of representative antimicrobial classes, without inferring specific resistance mechanisms such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production.