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Penerapan Keadilan dalam Penafsiran Unsur Pembuktian Tidak Sederhana Pada Pengembang (Developer) Selaku Debitor Pailit dalam Rangka Melindungi Kepentingan Hukum Kreditor Hermawan, Vincent; Adam, Richard C.
AL-SULTHANIYAH Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): AL-SULTHANIYAH
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Sambas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37567/al-sulthaniyah.v14i2.4510

Abstract

This study analyzes the application of justice in the interpretation of the not-simple proof element in developer bankruptcy cases to protect both debtor and creditor legal interests. Using normative legal research with conceptual and statutory approaches, the study finds a shift in court decisions from legal formalism to substantive justice, particularly since the issuance of Supreme Court Circular Letter No. 3 of 2023. This change effectively protects developers from premature bankruptcy, in line with legal theories of Radbruch and Aristotle and global trends of prioritizing business continuity. However, this shift paradoxically creates a legal dilemma for creditors, who lose access to a quick and efficient mechanism for debt settlement, thus compromising their legal certainty and benefits. This research concludes that a balance between protecting both parties is a crucial issue, and future studies should explore alternative dispute resolution mechanisms to ensure a more equitable and efficient legal system for all stakeholders.
A Juridical Analysis of the Validity of General Meeting of Shareholders’ Resolutions in Cases of Procedural and Organizational Deviations Kuistono, Caesar Andre; Adam, Richard C.
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i2.375

Abstract

The General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS), as the highest governing body of a Limited Liability Company, must be conducted in accordance with the formal and material procedures mandated by Law Number 40 of 2007 to ensure that its resolutions carry binding legal effect. This study employs a normative legal research method using a statutory approach to examine the validity of GMS resolutions in instances of procedural deviation, including improper notice, omission of the meeting agenda, or failure to satisfy attendance and decision-making quorum requirements. The findings show that such procedural violations generally render GMS resolutions invalid and may provide grounds for shareholders to file a claim before the district court under Article 61 of the Company Law, except in situations where all shareholders are present and unanimously approve the resolutions as permitted under Article 82(5). Beyond invalidating resolutions, procedural deviations may also give rise to civil liability for directors or commissioners, underscoring the importance of adherence to GMS procedures in safeguarding shareholder rights and supporting sound corporate governance