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Medication Adherence among Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Patients at Universitas Indonesia Hospital Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun; Andrajati, Retnosari; Sari, Santi Purna; Handayani, Diah
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 44, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/jri.v44i3.775

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) is a deadly disease caused by infectious agents. Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) rates in the world. The prevalence of tuberculosis cases in Depok City between 2019-2022 showed an increase in cases every year. This study aims to measure the level of adherence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) patients to their treatment using the Eight-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire.Methods: This study is an observational study using a cross-sectional study design, conducted from February 2024 to March 2024 at the University of Indonesia Hospital. Eighty-seven respondents participated in this study. Respondents completed the validated Indonesian version of the MMAS-8 questionnaire after signing informed consent forms.Results: The results of the study showed that 50.6% of respondents had low adherence levels, 47.1% had moderate adherence levels, and 2.3% had high adherence levels. The data was then statistically analyzed using the SPSS version 29 statistical package with Chi-Square analysis, which resulted in a significant correlation (P<0.05) between adherence levels and gender.Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between gender and respondent adherence. More than 50% of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) patients at the University of Indonesia Hospital still have low adherence levels to their treatment.

Efficacy Test of Tetanus Leaf (Leea aequata L.) Ethanol Extract against Bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) Lumban Gaol, Irma Yohana; Bangar, Roy Indrianto; Kaban, Vera Estefania; Br Sembiring, Novitaria; Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun
PCJN: Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): PCJN: Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara
Publisher : CV. Nusantara Scientific Medical

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58549/pcjn.v3i01.86

Antibiotic-resistant nosocomial infections are caused by the opportunistic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The purpose of this study is to use the disc diffusion method to assess the antibacterial efficacy of Tetanus (Leea aequata L.) leaf ethanol extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity was evaluated at 25%, 50%, and 75% concentrations after the leaves were extracted by maceration with 96% ethanol. The findings indicated that the antibacterial activity was depending on concentration, with respective minimum inhibition level measuring 12.97 mm, 16.7 mm, and 21.06 mm. The negative control (DMSO) displayed no inhibition zone, but the positive control (gentamicin) displayed KHM measuring 25.03 mm. The data distribution did not differ significantly, according to statistical analysis (p > 0.05). Bioactive substances that can harm bacterial cell structures, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, were thought to be responsible for this antibacterial action. According to these results, tetanus leaf extract may be used as a natural antibacterial agent and as a substitute for antibiotics in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections

Formulation and Evaluation of Tetanus Leaf (Leea aequata L.) Ethanol Extract on Tablet Preparation using Wet Granulation Method Ningsih, Wulan Seppia; Bangar, Roy Indrianto; Kaban, Vera Estefania; Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun
PCJN: Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): PCJN: Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara
Publisher : CV. Nusantara Scientific Medical

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58549/pcjn.v3i01.87

Degenerative diseases are currently widely suffered, especially in Indonesian society, as many as 30% of the population is detected with degenerative diseases. One alternative treatment that is widely consumed by Indonesian society is herbal or traditional medicine, one of the plants that is widely consumed by society, especially in Indonesia, namely Tetanus Leea Aequata L leaves. These leaves are often found, especially in the Karo area. The purpose of this study was to use ethanol extract of tetanus Leea Aequata leaves as tablets using the wet granulation method. The content contained in the leaves, such as Flavonoids, can be used as an alternative medicine to treat degenerative diseases by using a comparison of muchilago amyli used as a binder, namely f1 20%, f2 10% and F3 5% based on this study, a formula was obtained that can be used to make tablets, namely formula 1 20% muchilago amyli

Antioxidant Activity Test of Titanus (Leea aequata L) Leaf Extract with DPPH Method Sihotang, Nurhanifah; Bangar, Roy Indrianto; Kaban, Vera Estefania; Br Sembiring, Novitaria; Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun
PCJN: Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): PCJN: Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara
Publisher : CV. Nusantara Scientific Medical

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58549/pcjn.v3i01.90

Free radicals play an important role in oxidative stress, which can lead to a number of degenerative diseases, including heart disease, cancer and premature aging. Natural and artificial ingredients can be used to make antioxidants. The use of synthetic antioxidants is starting to be limited because excessive use can cause negative side effects, such as the accumulation of toxins in the body. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity of tetanus (Leea aequata L.) leaf extract using DPPH method. Free radicals generated during metabolism can cause cell damage and contribute to various degenerative diseases. Therefore, it is important to find effective sources of antioxidants. In this study, Tetanus leaves were extracted using 96% ethanol solvent through maceration method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the IC50 value against DPPH radical. The results showed that tetanus leaf extract had an IC50 value of 39.484 ppm, which indicated significant antioxidant activity. These results indicate that tetanus leaf extract can function as a free radical scavenging agent, which could potentially serve as a raw material in the development of herbal medicine to prevent oxidative stress-related diseases.

Perbandingan Pengaruh Konsumsi Jus Terong Belanda Segar dan Komersil Terhadap Tikus Obesitas Syahputra, Hariyadi Dharmawan; Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun; Iksen, Iksen; Gurning, Kasta
Herbal Medicine Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Herbal Medicine Journal
Publisher : Program Studi S1 Farmasi, STIKES Senior, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58996/hmj.v8i1.144

Background: High yield carbohydrate diet is common in Indonesia mainly in North Sumatra province. In the long run consuming primary carbohydrate form rice may increase the risk for diabetic and its complication. Not only the amount of rice but certain beverages also such as tamarillo juice, though it’s rich amount of nutritious benefit, some product may yield more sugar to improve from its sour or bitter flavor. Objectives: studies aim to find the diet correlation between amount of carbohydrate total and Vitamin C intake in fresh and store brought tamarillo juice affect animal model with high sucrose induction. Material and Methods: Fresh tamarillo fruit grew in north Sumatra blended versus store brought juice are given daily towards obese female rats induced with 2 ml of lard and 5% sucrose orally for five weeks. Beforehand sample had its total carbohydrate and Vitamin C content with iodometric method. The last 2 weeks then rats treated with fresh blend and store brought product juice. Results: Total content value obtained from fresh compared with store brought tamarillo juice in vitamin C, (18.63 ± 7.16 mg/ml); (11.57 ± 6.8 mg/ml) and total carbohydrate (15.02 ± 2.35 mg/ml); (25.37 ± 28.17 mg/ml) respectively. During treatment increase in body weight significantly in store brought product. Histology remarks in pancreas do not show any significance damage in cell especially for fresh blend treatment group. Conclusion: Fresh blend tamarillo juice may improve health and can be considered safe for subject that like to consume high carbs in their diet.

The Factor Affecting Medication Adherence in Tuberculosis Patients: A Literature Review Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun; Andrajati, Retnosari; Sari, Santi Purna; Handayani, Diah
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i1.1541

Medication adherence is crucial for the successful treatment of tuberculosis (TB), a persistent global health issue that demands prolonged and rigorous therapy to achieve cure, prevent drug resistance, and reduce transmission rates within communities. Recent studies highlight predictors of effective treatment outcomes such as being a new TB case and being HIV-negative. There is a significant relationship between various psychosocial factors that influence treatment adherence, particularly among elderly TB patients, where adherence is characterized by complexity and multidimensionality. Factors like depression, anxiety, income levels, social support, patient status, and TB classification play critical roles in adherence. Understanding these factors is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving outcomes in TB management.

Medication Adherence among Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Patients at Universitas Indonesia Hospital Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun; Andrajati, Retnosari; Sari, Santi Purna; Handayani, Diah
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 44 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36497/jri.v44i3.775

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) is a deadly disease caused by infectious agents. Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) rates in the world. The prevalence of tuberculosis cases in Depok City between 2019-2022 showed an increase in cases every year. This study aims to measure the level of adherence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) patients to their treatment using the Eight-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire.Methods: This study is an observational study using a cross-sectional study design, conducted from February 2024 to March 2024 at the University of Indonesia Hospital. Eighty-seven respondents participated in this study. Respondents completed the validated Indonesian version of the MMAS-8 questionnaire after signing informed consent forms.Results: The results of the study showed that 50.6% of respondents had low adherence levels, 47.1% had moderate adherence levels, and 2.3% had high adherence levels. The data was then statistically analyzed using the SPSS version 29 statistical package with Chi-Square analysis, which resulted in a significant correlation (P<0.05) between adherence levels and gender.Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between gender and respondent adherence. More than 50% of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB-DR) patients at the University of Indonesia Hospital still have low adherence levels to their treatment.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TERHADAP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MANGGA ARUM MANIS (Mangifera indica L. var. arum manis) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DPPH Mahzura, Siti; Br Ginting, Astriani Natalia; Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun
Jurnal Buana Farma Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Buana Farma
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36805/jbf.v6i1.1624

Radikal bebas dapat memicu stres oksidatif yang berperan dalam berbagai penyakit degeneratif, sehingga diperlukan sumber antioksidan alami yang aman dan efektif. Daun mangga arum manis mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan triterpenoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun mangga arum manis (Mangifera indica L. var. arum manis) menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorium. Daun mangga dikumpulkan dari Kecamatan Secanggang, Kabupaten Langkat, kemudian dideterminasi di Herbarium Medanense. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan metabolit sekunder. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 20, 40, 60, 80, dan 100 ppm serta vitamin C sebagai kontrol positif. Sampel direaksikan dengan larutan DPPH 50 ppm dan absorbansi diukur pada panjang gelombang 517 nm setelah inkubasi 30 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase inhibisi meningkat seiring peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak, dengan nilai inhibisi tertinggi sebesar 50,2% pada konsentrasi 100 ppm. Analisis regresi linear menghasilkan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 98,73 ppm yang termasuk kategori aktivitas antioksidan kuat. Sebagai pembanding, vitamin C menunjukkan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 6,07 ppm yang mengindikasikan aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa ekstrak etanol daun mangga arum manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kuat berdasarkan nilai IC₅₀. Meskipun potensinya lebih rendah dibandingkan vitamin C, ekstrak ini tetap menunjukkan kemampuan signifikan sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan menggunakan metode FRAP atau ABTS untuk memperkuat hasil.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MANGGA ARUM MANIS (Mangifera indica L. ‘Arumanis’) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus Alya, Cinta; Br Ginting, Astriani Natalia; Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun
Jurnal Buana Farma Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Buana Farma
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36805/jbf.v6i1.1625

The increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has encouraged the exploration of natural products as alternative antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory potential of the ethanolic extract of ‘Arumanis’ mango leaves (Mangifera indica L. ‘Arumanis’) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The research was conducted using a laboratory experimental design including plant identification, preparation of simplicia, extraction by maceration with 96% ethanol, phytochemical screening, and antibacterial activity testing using the disk diffusion method. The extract was tested at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% (50–150 mg/mL), with three replications (n=3) for each treatment and control group. The inhibition zones were measured including the 6 mm disk diameter and analyzed descriptively as mean ± standard deviation. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. The antibacterial assay showed inhibition zone diameters of 3.00 ± 2.12 mm (5%), 4.38 ± 2.51 mm (10%), and 6.13 ± 2.63 mm (15%), while the positive control chloramphenicol (30 µg/disk) produced a 21.43 ± 0.06 mm inhibition zone and the negative control (10% DMSO) showed no inhibitory effect. Although inhibition zones were observed at all concentrations, the diameters were relatively small compared to the standard antibiotic. Therefore, the ethanolic extract of M. indica ‘Arumanis’ leaves demonstrates concentration-dependent inhibitory potential against S. aureus, but with limited antibacterial activity, indicating the need for further evaluation using dilution methods to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).

ANALISIS BIAYA TERAPI ASPIRIN DAN CLOPIDOGREL PADA PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK DI RUMAH SAKIT ROYAL PRIMA TAHUN 2022 – 2025 Nasution, Nursaima Putri; Harahap, Daimah Wirdatus Sanaun; Br Ginting, Astriani Natalia
Jurnal Buana Farma Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Buana Farma
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36805/jbf.v6i1.1647

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and long-term disability, imposing a substantial economic burden due to high treatment and rehabilitation costs. Antiplatelet therapies such as aspirin and clopidogrel are commonly used for secondary prevention to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke; however, differences in treatment costs require evaluation to support efficient use of healthcare resources. This study aimed to analyze and compare the total cost and cost-effectiveness of aspirin and clopidogrel therapy in patients with ischemic stroke at Royal Prima General Hospital during the period 2022-2025. This study was an observational analytic study with a retrospective design using patients’ medical record data. The analysis was conducted from the hospital perspective by calculating direct medical costs, including drug costs, hospitalization, diagnostic examinations, and medical procedures. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation was performed using the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) approach, with cost-effectiveness assessed through the calculation of the Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (CER) based on patients’ clinical outcomes. The results demonstrated differences in total treatment costs between aspirin and clopidogrel therapy, influenced by variations in cost components and patients’ clinical characteristics. In conclusion, cost-effectiveness analysis using CEA and CER can provide a scientific basis for selecting antiplatelet therapy that is rational and cost-efficient in the management of patients with ischemic stroke.

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