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All Journal BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing International Journal of Humanities, Law, and Politics International Journal of Health, Medicine, and Sports International Journal of Linguistics, Communication, and Broadcasting
Ibrahim, Riza Andrian
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Journal : International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing

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Determining Long-Term Probabilities for Labor Absorption from the Realization of Domestic Investment (PMDN) and Foreign Investment (PMA) in Indonesia Using Markov Chain Analysis: Determining Long-Term Probabilities for Labor Absorption from the Realization of Domestic Investment (PMDN) and Foreign Investment (PMA) in Indonesia Using Markov Chain Analysis binti Syed Jaaffar, Sharifah Arni; Ibrahim, Riza Andrian
International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing Vol. 1 No. 3 (2023): International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing
Publisher : Communication In Research And Publications

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijmsc.v1i3.6

Abstract

The government through President Joko Widodo in a press conference stated that the Job Creation Law is very urgent to be passed immediately, even though it has received a lot of resistance in society. The government stated that the bureaucracy in investing in Indonesia is still convoluted, so the possibility of a decrease in employment in the future is very high. However, this was denied by Faisal Basri. This reason is not in accordance with the current state of investment, he concluded. Realization of Domestic Investment (PMDN) and Foreign Investment (PMA) in Indonesia tends to always increase every year, so it is not the investment bureaucracy that is the cause of decreased employment. Abdul Malik said that, the reason for the decrease in absorption labor is the lack of competitiveness of the local workforce and the government's lack of selectiveness in choosing investments that enter Indonesia. This study aims to provide consideration for the government, in the form of long-term employment probabilities from the realization of PMDN and PMA in Indonesia which are calculated using Markov chain analysis. The calculation results obtained are that the long-term probability of increasing the amount of labor absorption from the realization of PMDN and PMA is 0.56 or 56%, while the long-term probability of decreasing is 0.44 or 44%. Then, in specific intervals, the possibility of an increase in the workforce of at most 93 thousand people is very high, namely 0.42 or 42%. This value is greater than the possibility of a decrease in the workforce of at most 93 thousand people, namely 0.27 or 27%. This value is contrary to the government's assumption which states that the possibility of a decrease in labor absorption is very high. Therefore, the results of this research can be used as one of the considerations for the government to rethink the urgency of issuing the Job Creation Law.
Optimization of White Box Testing by Utilizing Branching and Repeating Structures in Java Programs Using Base Path Kalfin, Kalfin; Ibrahim, Riza Andrian; Laksito, Grida Sakti
International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing
Publisher : Communication In Research And Publications

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijmsc.v2i2.98

Abstract

Software testing is a process created to detect anomalies in the operation of a program or system in order to achieve the expected results. White box testing is a software testing method that tests the internal structure, design and program code. This research aims to produce an optimization method for white box testing in Java programs by utilizing branching and repetition structures using the basis path method, as well as analyzing the effectiveness of the proposed method in generating test cases. The Java program tested in this research includes input function calls, loops, branching, and exception handling. Test case design is carried out by applying the basis path method to achieve comprehensive coverage. The test results show that the base path method is able to produce effective test cases for testing control structures without redundancy. Test case design is assisted by flowgraph and matrix graph modeling. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the optimization of white box testing techniques.
Basic Concepts of Stock Option Pricing Models Traded in the Capital Market Ibrahim, Riza Andrian; Azahra, Astrid Sulistya; Kalfin; Saputra, Moch Panji Agung
International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computing
Publisher : Communication In Research And Publications

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijmsc.v2i4.141

Abstract

An option, in the world of capital markets, is a right based on an agreement to buy or sell a commodity, financial securities, or a foreign currency at an agreed price at any time within a three-month contract period. Factors that determine the value of an option include the current price of the stock, intrinsic value, expiration time or time value, volatility, interest rate, and cash dividends paid. Some options pricing models use this parameter to determine the fair market value of an option. This paper aims to learn the basic concepts of option pricing. The method used in studying the pricing of options is a literature review, which is an activity to collect scientific data, especially in the form of theories, methods, or research that has been carried out previously, either in the form of books, manuscripts, journals, and others that already exist in the library. Based on the results of the study, concepts, scientific findings, and method innovations that have been achieved previously are obtained, which are very relevant and useful for understanding the determination of stock option prices. An option, in the world of capital markets, is a right based on an agreement to buy or sell a commodity, financial securities, or a foreign currency at an agreed price at any time within a three-month contract period. Factors that determine the value of an option include the current price of the stock, intrinsic value, expiration time or time value, volatility, interest rate, and cash dividends paid. Some options pricing models use this parameter to determine the fair market value of an option. This paper aims to learn the basic concepts of option pricing. The method used in studying the pricing of options is a literature review, which is an activity to collect scientific data, especially in the form of theories, methods, or research that has been carried out previously, either in the form of books, manuscripts, journals, and others that already exist in the library. Based on the results of the study, concepts, scientific findings, and method innovations that have been achieved previously are obtained, which are very relevant and useful for understanding the determination of stock option prices.
Co-Authors Azahra, Astrid Sulistya binti Abdullah Suhaimi, Nurnisaa binti Syed Jaaffar, Sharifah Arni Budi Nurani Ruchjana Hidayana, R Apriva Hidayana, Rizki Apriva Jaizul W, Alim kalfin Kalfin Laksito, Grida Sakti Lianingsih, Nestia Okta, Setyo Luthfi Pirdaus, Dede Irman Rini Cahyandari Saefullah, Rifki Salih, Yasir Saputra, Renda Sandi Sidiq, Fahmi Suhaimi, Nurnisaa binti Abdullah W, Alim Jaizul Yuningsih, Siti Hadiaty