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All Journal JURNAL LITIGASI (e-Journal) Veritas et Justitia Jurnal Daulat Hukum Jurnal Akta Hasanuddin Law Review Jurnal Ius Constituendum Nagari Law Review Yurispruden: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang Jurnal Yuridis PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Jurnal GeoEkonomi JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum Al-Manhaj: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Jurnal Nuansa Akademik: Jurnal Pembangunan Masyarakat Law Development Journal Mimbar Hukum Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Susilo, Erwin
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Critiquing the Use of the Term Restorative Justice in Narcotics Cases Susilo, Erwin; Setiawan Negara, Dharma
Jurnal Ius Constituendum Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): OCTOBER
Publisher : Magister Hukum Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/jic.v10i3.12150

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the appropriateness of using the term “Restorative Justice” (RJ) in the settlement of narcotics cases at the investigation and inquiry stages in Indonesia, as regulated under the Regulation of the Chief of the Indonesian National Police Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Handling of Criminal Offenses Based on Restorative Justice (INPR 8/2021). The background of this research arises from the conceptual tension between RJ’s core principles—namely, victim-offender dialogue and community involvement—and the actual practice in narcotics cases, where the offender is simultaneously the victim and no external harmed party is present. The urgency of this writing lies in the widespread use of RJ terminology in policy documents without adequate alignment to its philosophical foundations, which may create confusion in legal interpretation and practice. Using normative juridical methods, this research employs conceptual and statutory approaches to find that the substance of INPR 8/2021 is more aligned with Rehabilitation Theory (RT), particularly the medical model, which views the offender as a patient in need of treatment rather than as a morally responsible agent. This study provides a novel conceptual clarification by framing INPR 8/2021 within the medical model of rehabilitation rather than traditional RJ. This reinterpretation contributes to more accurate legal discourse and supports the development of coherent and normatively sound drug policy frameworks in Indonesia, ensuring that the use of legal terminology reflects the actual purpose and design of the policy.
Restoring Victims of Wrongful Arrest: Automatic Compensation through a Parallel Justice Approach Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Lufsiana, Lufsiana
Law Development Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/ldj.7.3.375-391

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the weaknesses of the existing compensation mechanism for victims of wrongful arrest in the criminal justice system and to propose a reform model based on the principle of Parallel Justice (PJ). Although Indonesian law, particularly the Criminal Procedure Code and Government Regulation No. 92/2015, already provides a legal basis for compensation, the mechanism remains petition-based and dependent on victims’ initiative through pre-trial proceedings. Such a passive system creates structural injustice and fails to guarantee effective recovery for victims of state error. The research method used in this study is normative legal research, employing statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The statutory approach is applied to examine the positive law in Indonesia regarding compensation. The conceptual approach is used to analyze and reformulate the theory of compensation by incorporating the PJ framework developed by Susan Herman, which emphasizes proactive victim restoration. The comparative approach reviews practices in other jurisdictions such as Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, and the United States to identify models of automatic compensation that can be adapted into the Indonesian context. The novelty in this research is the application of the Parallel Justice concept—originally designed for crime victims in general—to the context of wrongful arrest caused by state authorities. This adaptation provides a new paradigm in Indonesian criminal procedure by positioning victims of wrongful arrest not merely as claimants but as individuals entitled to automatic state responsibility. Based on the research, it is concluded that adopting the PJ approach can create a more responsive, victim-oriented, and automatic compensation system. Such reform would strengthen the protection of human rights, enhance public trust in the legal system, and ensure that victims of wrongful arrest are restored fairly, quickly, and comprehensively.
The Innovation of Criminal Law Interpretation Model in Indonesia through Rule of Lenity Approach Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Lufsiana, Lufsiana
Jurnal Daulat Hukum Vol 8, No 3 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jdh.v8i3.47103

Abstract

This research aims to explore and develop an innovative concept of criminal law interpretation in Indonesia through the Rule of Lenity (RoL) approach. The RoL principle, originating from the common law system, emphasizes that ambiguous criminal provisions must be interpreted narrowly and always in favor of the defendant. Within Indonesia’s civil law system, adopting RoL has the potential to strengthen legal certainty, safeguard defendants’ human rights, and reduce the risk of arbitrariness in law enforcement practices. The study employs normative legal research methods, focusing on theoretical foundations of the principle of legality, established doctrines of statutory interpretation, and comparative analysis of RoL application in common law jurisdictions, particularly the United States. The findings suggest that RoL in Indonesia should only serve as a last resort, applied strictly when all existing interpretative methods still leave unresolved ambiguity. This ensures that RoL does not undermine legal predictability while simultaneously upholding fairness in criminal adjudication. The conclusion highlights the necessity of explicitly regulating RoL within Indonesian positive law. Such regulation would provide judges with clearer guidance, reinforce protections for defendants, and contribute to achieving a balanced criminal justice system. Ultimately, the integration of RoL offers a pathway for Indonesia to harmonize its civil law tradition with a principle that enhances justice and prevents potential abuse of prosecutorial and judicial discretion.
Natural Justice, Procedural Justice, and the Judge’s Role in the Pancasila-Based Rule of Law Susilo, Erwin
Yurispruden: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang Vol 8 No 2 (2025): Yurispruden: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/yur.v8i2.23835

Abstract

This paper explores the relationship between natural justice and procedural justice, as well as its implications for the role of judges within the Pancasila-based rule of law. Procedural justice is often misconstrued as mere compliance with formal rules, even though it essentially represents an embodiment of natural justice principles that require judicial proceedings to be fair, impartial, and transparent. Employing normative legal research with a conceptual and statutory approach, this study examines core principles of natural justice, including audi alteram partem, nemo judex in causa sua, and the obligation to provide reasoned judicial decisions. These principles are integral to procedural justice and constitute a constitutional mandate as enshrined in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. In relation to Pancasila, judges bear a professional and moral responsibility to ensure that procedural justice is upheld as the foundation of fair trials and the legal protection of every citizen.
Pembatasan Upaya Hukum Peninjuan Kembali di Jerman dan di Indonesia Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Susilo, Erwin; Syamsuyar, Khairul Umam
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Tema Hukum Internasional dan Perbandingan Hukum
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v6i1.1242

Abstract

Judicial review (PK) is an extraordinary legal effort that allows criminal cases to be reopened even though they already have permanent legal force (res judicata). This mechanism aims to correct judicial errors that can occur due to novum, judge's error, or conflicting decisions. However, in the Indonesian legal system, PK can only be submitted by the convict or his heirs, which has given rise to debate regarding limited access to justice. This study highlights the relevance and implications of these limitations and compares them with legal systems in other countries, such as Germany, which implements the Wiederaufnahme des Verfahrens mechanism in the Strafprozessordnung (StPO). Through comparative analysis, it was found that the Indonesian legal system still has normative ambiguity in determining the limits of judge error and the category of novum that can be used as the basis for a PK. This study proposes a reformulation of the PK concept that is more inclusive, by expanding the subjects who have the right to apply for a PK not only limited to the convict or his heirs, but also other parties who have legal interests. In addition, stricter regulations are needed regarding the limits of judge error and the validity of the novum, as implemented in Article 359 of the German StPO.
Analisis Kritis terhadap Relevansi Asas Ne Bis In Idem dalam Perkara Perceraian Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Susilo, Erwin; Lufsiana
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 6 No 6 (2025): Tema Hukum Keluarga
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v6i6.1243

Abstract

Marriage in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage in conjunction with Law Number 16 of 2019. One form of dissolution of marriage is through divorce decided by the court. This study examines the application of the principle of ne bis in idem in divorce cases, namely the legal principle that prohibits the retrial of the same case that has obtained permanent legal force. This study found differences in academic opinion regarding its application in divorce cases. Some legal experts argue that ne bis in idem applies in divorce cases, while others consider this principle inappropriate to apply considering the dynamics of emotional relationships and the possibility of new legal facts emerging. This study also discusses the regulation of divorce law in Indonesia, both for Muslims and non-Muslims, divorce procedures, and the legal consequences that arise, such as child custody and division of joint property. The findings indicate the need for special regulations, for example through a Circular of the Supreme Court, to provide legal certainty in the application of the principle of ne bis in idem in divorce cases.
Eksaminasi Keabsahan Penggeledahan dan Penyitaan dalam Praperadilan: Rekonstruksi Kewenangan dengan Pendekatan Plain View Doctrine Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Rafi, Muhammad
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 6 No 7 (2025): Tema Hukum Pidana
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v6i7.1244

Abstract

Pretrial motion in Indonesia, inspired by the principle of habeas corpus, has the authority to test the legality of law enforcement actions, including searches and seizures. However, this mechanism is *post-factum* and limited to formal aspects, such as the completeness of the warrant, without assessing the material requirements that determine the legality of the action. This limitation has the potential to cause injustice, especially in cases of urgent searches and seizures, where officers often act without prior court permission. This study aims to reconstruct the authority of pretrial motion by integrating the Plain View Doctrine (PVD), a doctrine from the common law system that allows the seizure of evidence without a warrant if it meets three requirements: (1) officers are legally present at the location, (2) the evidence is clearly visible (immediately apparent), and (3) there is a probable cause that connects the object to the crime. The research method used is normative juridical with a conceptual and statutory approach. The results of the study indicate that the application of PVD can strengthen the pretrial control function by expanding the scope of testing from merely formal to substantial aspects. In addition, this study proposes the optimization of digital systems such as *E-Berpadu* to accelerate the licensing process in urgent circumstances. Thus, the reconstruction of pretrial authority based on PVD is expected to ensure a balance between the effectiveness of law enforcement and the protection of human rights.
Integrating Spinoza’s Philosophy of Civil Law into Indonesian Judicial Reasoning: Toward a Justice-Oriented Legal Framework Susilo, Erwin
Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): Supremasi Hukum
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/c4016524

Abstract

Previous studies on Spinoza have generally focused on his political and theological philosophy, while the application of his concept of civil law in judicial decision-making practice has been rarely discussed, creating a research gap in the context of its application to modern legal systems. This research aims to integrate Spinoza's philosophy of civil law—rooted in rationality, equality, and moral order—into the framework of judicial consideration in Indonesia, where the balance between positive law and justice remains challenging. Using a normative juridical method with statutory, comparative, and conceptual approaches, this research examines relevant legal provisions and comparative practices from democratic countries such as the United States, France, Germany, India, and New Zealand, as well as the philosophical foundations of Spinoza's thinking on civil law and justice. The research findings indicate that Spinoza's view of law as a rational agreement based on moral necessity aligns with the principles of freedom, equality, and human dignity in the Indonesian Constitution. Integrating this idea into legal considerations can guide judges to move beyond formalistic interpretations towards justice oriented towards morality and humanity. Theoretically, this research contributes by offering a philosophical framework for rational legal reasoning, while practically providing a model for balancing legal certainty with moral justice in judicial practice and law enforcement in Indonesia.
KEWENANGAN HAKIM MELAKUKAN PENAHANAN TERHADAP TERDAKWA YANG DALAM PERKARA SEBELUMNYA KEBERATAN TERDAKWA/PENASIHAT HUKUM DITERIMA Susilo, Erwin; Sembiring, Eddy Daulatta
Jurnal Yuridis Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Yuridis
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35586/jyur.v11i1.7271

Abstract

In cases where the objection raised by the Defendant/Legal Advisor is accepted, the Defendant must be released from detention, allowing the Public Prosecutor to initiate a fresh prosecution with an amended indictment. Challenges arise during re-prosecution concerning the authority of the District Court Judge to order detention. This research adopts a normative legal approach. The findings indicate that, firstly, the District Court Judge lacks the authority to detain the Defendant, as the release from detention resulted solely from an error by the Public Prosecutor in indictment preparation. Re-detention by the District Court Judge is deemed a violation of the presumption of innocence and the principle of equality before the law. Secondly, future reforms to the Criminal Procedure Code should encompass provisions for the release of the Defendant from detention upon acceptance of objection, coupled with a confirmation of the District Court Judge's non-authorization to detain in the subsequent case. This study recommends a reform of the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) to enhance legal certainty regarding the detention of the Defendant in subsequent cases. Keywords: Indictment, Objection, Detention, Public Prosecutor, and Defendant.
Penerapan Teori Pada Hakikatnya Dalam Menafsirkan Tindak Pidana Narkotika Susilo, Erwin; Sembiring, Eddy Daulatta; Asih, Wigati Taberi
Nagari Law Review Vol 8 No 1 (2024): Nagari Law Review
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Andalas University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/nalrev.v.8.i.1.p.51-64.2024

Abstract

Narcotics crimes are classified as a serious crime. Therefore, good law enforcement is needed to overcome crime, primarily related to the implementation of articles of narcotic crime in the trial. There is a significant urgency to implement law enforcement methods to handle narcotics crimes. This study explores the method of interpretation options for judges in granting a judgment in case an act is proven valid and convincingly guilty in narcotics cases. This study uses normative legal research methods or doctrinal legal research, in which the researchers will study the application of criminal offenses by law enforcers. The researcher is guided by the objectives of punishment adopted by the related regulations, criminal procedural law, and material criminal law. This study finds alternative interpretations for judges in determining which articles are legally and convincingly proven guilty of narcotics crimes as regulated by the law. Thus, this research provides insight into the importance of integrating theory and practice in criminal law for narcotics. The study also recommends strategies to increase the effectiveness of just law enforcement in narcotics cases.
Co-Authors Agung Gunawan Ainal Mardhiah Asih, Wigati Taberi Din, Mohd. Kemala Sari, Gita Lilik Handayani Lufsiana Lufsiana, Lufsiana M. Rafi Mohd Din, Mohd Nainggolan, Hermin Negara, Dharma Setiawan Saputra, Dasriyan Sembiring, Eddy Daulatta Setiawan Negara, Dharma Suhaimi Suhaimi Suhaimi Sujatmiko, Bagus Syamsuyar, Khairul Umam Teuku Muttaqin Mansur Zaenal Arifin