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Negara, Dharma Setiawan
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PENDEKATAN HUKUM PIDANA TERHADAP KEPEMILIKAN TANAH ABSENTEE SEBAGAI BENTUK PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM OLEH NEGARA Nainggolan, Samuel Dharma Putra; Negara, Dharma Setiawan
Veteran Law Review Vol 6 No 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law |Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35586/velrev.v6i2.6351

Abstract

The enactment of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) has changed the constellation of land in Indonesia. The spirit of anti-colonialism is eliminated as much as possible in the regulation of land in Indonesia. There is land that functions as agricultural land that is owned by parties who do not even live where the land is located, known as Absentee. This can hurt the spirit of the UUPA which wants to protect land ownership by indigenous people who live where the land is located. It is felt that the criminal law approach needs to be considered in an effort to protect the spirit of the BAL, in this case absentee land ownership. This legal research is normative legal research using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach that aims to analyze the criminal law approach to absentee land ownership in realizing social justice for all Indonesian people.
Upaya Memaksimalkan Potensi Bisnis UMKM melalui Pendampingan Pemasaran Digital Hardyansah, Rommy; Didit Darmawan; Jahroni; Arifin, Samsul; Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Wibowo, Agung Satryo; Evendi, Wakid; Ikhwanuddin; Rizky, Muchamad Catur; Halizah, Siti Nur; Nuraini, Reny
JPM: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Forum Kerjasama Pendidikan Tinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47065/jpm.v4i4.1642

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology and the internet has had a significant impact on marketing, especially for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Digital marketing is a more promising option because it allows potential customers to get complete information about products and make transactions online. Although it is still considered less important by the players, this is due to the need for specialized skills related to mastering information technology in order to reach a larger target market. Previously, the sale of Makaroni New Asep required consumers to come directly to see the products they wanted to buy. The purpose of this research is to provide an understanding to the owner of Makaroni New Asep Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) regarding the implementation of digital marketing strategies. In an effort to provide guidance to Makaroni New Asep Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) regarding the application of Digital Marketing as a product marketing strategy, this activity involves several stages, including: (1) introduction to the use of social media; (2) introduction to the marketplace platform; and (3) the process of receiving orders and shipping goods. The results of this service show that New Asep Macaroni MSMEs now have a significant presence on social media and the marketplace. MSME owners also gained a better understanding of digital marketing and managed social media and marketplace platforms effectively. Thus, this community service contributes to increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs in facing the digital marketing era.
Persaingan Usaha Yang Sehat Melalui Pengaturan Hukum Terhadap Social Commerce dan Electronic Commerce Oleh Permendag Nomor 31/29023 Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Putra Nainggolan, Samuel Dharma
Gulawentah:Jurnal Studi Sosial Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/gulawentah.v9i1.20485

Abstract

Hadirnya Social Media  yang awalnya diperuntukkan sebagai media sosial yang dijalankan melalui daring (online), saat ini juga merambah pada dilakukannya kegiatan jual beli secara digital menggunakan wadah Social Media tersebut. Padahal wadah untuk jual beli secara digital telah ada sebelumnya (E-Commerce) Untuk itu perlu negara perlu mengatur hal ini supaya tercipta suatu iklim persaingan usaha yang sehat. Dimana akan tercipta suatu persaingan usaha tidak sehat apabila Social Commerce dan E-Commerce berada dalam platform yang sama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang mengkaji pengaturan hukum terhadap Social Commerce  yang dibedakan dengan E-Commerce dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mengenai pengaturan hukum sebagaimana dalam Permendag Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 yang mengatur tata cara pelaksanaan bisnis Social Commerce dan E-Commerce.
Regulatory Dynamics And Worker Rights Protection: An Evaluation Of Labor Law And Job Creation In Indonesia Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Wibowo, Agung Satryo; Darmawan, Didit; Santoso, Budi; Widodo, Nanang Saputro Agung
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 10 (2024): Tema Filsafat Hukum, Politik Hukum dan Etika Profesi Hukum
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The reform of labor law in Indonesia, particularly through the Job Creation Law, aims to adapt labor policies to the demands of the global market and strengthen the national economy. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Law Number 13 of 2003 on Manpower and the changes brought by the Job Creation Law, focusing on the protection of workers' rights and its effect on social justice. The analysis shows that while the new law offers greater flexibility in employment contracts and working period arrangements, there is a significant risk of a reduction in worker protection standards. The study underscores the urgent need for more effective oversight mechanisms and policy advice to ensure that the legal changes contribute positively to workers' lives without compromising their rights.
UPAYA HUKUM PERSEROAN TERBATAS TERHADAP PENGGELAPAN PAJAK OLEH DIREKSI MELALUI BLACK MARKET Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Nainggolan, Samuel Dharma Putra; Yudhantaka, Lintang; Donauli, Edison
Literasi Hukum Vol 7, No 1 (2023): LITERASI HUKUM
Publisher : Universitas Tidar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31002/lh.v7i1.7516

Abstract

Direksi merupakan salah satu organ perseroan disamping komisaris dan pemegang saham. Direksi merupakan organ perseroan terbatas yang mempunyai tugas untuk menjalankan segala aktifitas di dalam suatu perseroan terbatas, disamping itu Direksi berwenang untuk mewakili perseroan didalam dan diluar pengadilan. Direksi dalam melaksanakan tugasnya selalu berpedoman pada Anggaran Dasar/Anggaran Rumah Tangga (AD/ART) suatu perseroan terbatas, apabila seorang Direksi melakukan tindakan melebihi kewenangannya yang telah dicantumkan dalam Anggaran Dasar/Anggaran Rumah Tangga (AD/ART), maka tindakan tersebut dapat dikatakan sebagai tindakan Ultravires. Adapun contoh tindakan Ultravires tersebut adalah penggelapan pajak yang dilakukan oleh Direksi dengan membeli barang-barang untuk keperluan perseroan terbatas dari pasar gelap (black market). Terhadap penggelapan pajak ini tentu perseroan dapat dikenakan sanksi berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Direksi yang melakukan ultravires bisa saja karena kehendak pribadi Direksi itu sendiri diluar kehendak perseroan. Terhadap hal ini perseroan dapat melakukan upaya hukum terkait sanksi yang dijatuhkan terhadap perseroan terbatas tersebut dikarenakan penggelapan pajak yang dilakukan oleh Direksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual dalam memecahkan masalah sehingga didapatkan suatu hasil bahwa perseroan terbatas dapat melakukan upaya hukum terhadap Direksi yang melakukan Ultravires tersebut.
The Arrangement Unus Testis Nullus Testis in Sexual Violence Crime Cases: Crucial or Over-Regulation? Mardhiah, Ainal; Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan
Jurnal Daulat Hukum Vol 8, No 1 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jdh.v8i1.44613

Abstract

The principle unus testis nullus testis is a fundamental evidentiary rule in Indonesian criminal procedure, requiring at least two valid pieces of evidence to convict a defendant. This principle aligns with the negative legal system approach, emphasizing judicial certainty in criminal trials. However, its strict application in cases of sexual violence presents challenges, as these crimes often occur in closed settings where the victim is the sole witness. Recognizing this, Law No. 12 of 2022 on Sexual Violence Crimes introduces a provision that allows a victim's testimony, supported by at least one other piece of evidence, to be sufficient for conviction. This study examines the normative conflict between Article 25(1) of Law No. 12 of 2022 and Article 185(2) KUHAP, which traditionally enforces the unus testis nullus testis principle. By employing a normative juridical approach, this research analyzes the necessity and implications of this special provision, comparing its application with Dutch legal practice, where courts allow supporting evidence beyond direct witness testimony (steunbewijs). The findings suggest that while special considerations for sexual violence cases are justified, Article 25(1) of Law No. 12 of 2022 may constitute over-regulation, as its substance is already accommodated within the existing evidentiary framework of the KUHAP. This research highlights the need for harmonization between special provisions on sexual violence cases and general evidentiary rules to ensure legal certainty while upholding justice for victims. Future legislative reforms should focus on integrating these provisions systematically to prevent redundancy and inconsistencies within Indonesia’s criminal justice system.
ENHANCING EVIDENTIARY FAIRNESS IN INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW: ADAPTING BRADY V. MARYLAND PRINCIPLES FOR EQUITABLE TRIALS Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan
Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 27, No 1: April 2025: Customary Law and development in Indonesia
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/kanun.v27i1.44351

Abstract

This article examines the imbalance in the evidentiary system in criminal cases in Indonesia, especially regarding the limited authority of the public prosecutor in assisting the defendant to present mitigating evidence. This problem is contrary to the principle of equality of arms which requires equality between the public prosecutor and the defendant in evidence. By adopting principles from Brady v. Maryland, this article provides a normative framework to enhance the Indonesian criminal evidence system, particularly by advocating for clearer prosecutorial disclosure obligations. While Brady originates from the common law tradition, its core principle ensuring fairness through evidence disclosure can be adapted within Indonesias civil law system through judicial interpretation and procedural reforms, aligning with the broader aim of strengthening due process and evidentiary fairness. A normative juridical approach is used by analyzing primary and secondary legal materials, including a comparative study of the application of the Brady Rule in the United States of America. The results show that the need to reform Indonesian criminal procedural law by regulating the obligation of public prosecutors to actively reveal evidence that exculpates defendants in order to ensure substantive equality. This proposed norm to create criminal trials that are quitable in achieving material truth, ensuring only guilty parties are sentenced, while the innocent are acquitted.
Independensi Kekuasaan Kehakiman Dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Undang-Undang Sebagai Perjanjian Negara, Dharma Setiawan; Susilo, Erwin
Mimbar Hukum Vol 37 No 1 (2025): Mimbar Hukum
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mh.v37i1.18891

Abstract

Abstract Laws (UU) are understood as the manifestation of an agreement between the people, represented by the legislative body (House of Representatives), and the government, represented by the executive body. In a democratic system, the process of forming laws reflects the principles of deliberation and consensus, which aim to create a social, national, and state order. However, the role of the judicial branch in upholding justice is often reduced to merely enforcing laws. Regardless, judges are directly accountable to God under the principle of ‘Justice Based on the Almighty God’ in carrying their duties. This places the judicial power in a unique position, not only as an enforcer of laws but also as an interpreter of justice that must be independent from the influence of the executive and legislative branches. In this context, a fundamental challenge arises: how can judges uphold true justice when laws, as products of agreements between the executive and legislative branches, do not always reflect the substantive values of justice expected by society? Therefore, judicial independence is essential to ensure that decisions are not merely an implementation of the text of the law, but also reflect the justice that exists in society. The principle of checks and balances is not merely about the division of power, but also about how the judicial branch can fulfil its role as an independent guardian of justice in a legal context that is often biased towards political and economic interests. Abstrak Undang-Undang (UU) dipahami sebagai manifestasi perjanjian antara rakyat yang diwakili oleh lembaga legislatif (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat) dan pemerintah yang diwakili oleh lembaga eksekutif. Dalam sistem demokrasi, proses pembentukan UU mencerminkan prinsip musyawarah dan kesepakatan yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan tata kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara. Namun, peran kekuasaan kehakiman (Yudisial) dalam menegakkan keadilan sering kali tereduksi menjadi sekadar penerap undang-undang, padahal dalam menjalankan tugasnya, hakim bertanggung jawab langsung kepada Tuhan dengan prinsip "Demi Keadilan Berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa." Ini menempatkan kekuasaan Yudisial dalam posisi yang unik, tidak hanya sebagai pelaksana undang-undang, tetapi juga sebagai penafsir keadilan yang harus bebas dari pengaruh eksekutif dan legislatif. Dalam konteks ini, muncul tantangan mendasar: bagaimana hakim dapat menegakkan keadilan sejati ketika undang-undang sebagai produk perjanjian antara kekuasaan eksekutif dan legislatif tidak selalu mencerminkan nilai-nilai keadilan substantif yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, independensi hakim menjadi esensial dalam memastikan bahwa putusan yang dihasilkan tidak sekadar mengimplementasikan teks undang-undang, tetapi juga mencerminkan keadilan yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Prinsip check and balance bukan hanya soal pembagian kekuasaan, tetapi juga soal bagaimana kekuasaan kehakiman mampu menjalankan perannya sebagai penjaga keadilan yang independen dalam konteks hukum yang sering kali bias terhadap kepentingan politik dan ekonomi.
Errors That Can Be Tolerated in Criminal Court Decisions Using A Doctrinal Approach Harmless Error in Order to Carry Out The Principles of Justice Susilo, Erwin; Negara, Dharma Setiawan
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 1 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i1.43629

Abstract

A fair criminal trial is a fundamental pillar of the justice system, ensuring that substantive justice prevails over mere procedural correctness. This article explores the essential elements of criminal verdicts, particularly legal considerations and judicial rulings, as outlined in Article 197 of the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). It further analyzes judicial errors through the doctrinal approach of harmless error. In judicial practice, errors in a judge's decision can be categorized into substantial (harmful error) and non-substantial (harmless error). Substantial errors directly affect the defendant’s rights or compromise the integrity of the trial, potentially leading to a miscarriage of justice. In contrast, non-substantial errors are procedural or administrative in nature, meaning they do not significantly impact substantive justice or alter the final outcome of the case. The harmless error doctrine, originating from common law jurisdictions, has been adopted in various legal systems, including Indonesia, to balance trial efficiency with the pursuit of material truth. This doctrine prevents the unnecessary annulment of verdicts due to minor, non-prejudicial errors that do not affect the essence of justice. By recognizing the distinction between procedural irregularities and substantive violations, courts can uphold fair trials while minimizing delays caused by technical challenges. This research underscores the necessity of a criminal justice system that is simple, swift, and cost-effective, in line with the principles of justice in Indonesia. An efficient legal framework that embraces the harmless error doctrine ensures that the judicial process remains fair without being unnecessarily rigid. Ultimately, the legal system must remain justice-oriented, prioritizing substantive fairness over procedural perfection to uphold the rule of law and protect individual rights. 
Agreements in Online Loans and Consumer Legal Protection in Online Loan Services in Indonesia Hardyansah, Rommy; Darmawan, Didit; Negara, Dharma Setiawan
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.44593

Abstract

The rapid development of online lending services in Indonesia has a positive impact on the economy, but it also poses challenges related to legal aspects. This research aims to examine how agreements in online loans are regulated in Indonesian positive law and to analyze the legal protection provided to consumers of online loan services. This research uses normative legal research methods by analyzing various laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant theories. The main focus of the research is to explore the regulation of online loan agreements, which still face various problems related to the unclear rights and obligations of the parties and the lack of transparency of information provided by service providers. In addition, this research also identifies problems related to consumer legal protection, especially in terms of supervision, misuse of personal data, and dispute resolution mechanisms that are still not optimal. The results show that although there are regulations from the Financial Services Authority (OJK), there are still many gaps that must be improved, both in the regulation of agreements and consumer protection. Therefore, this study is important to provide a deeper understanding of the role of law to maintain a balance between the development of the online lending sector and the protection of consumer rights.
Co-Authors Ainal Mardhiah Arif Rachman Putra Aryanto, Endra Andie Didit Darmawan Dirgantara, Febrian Donauli, Edison Dwi Budi Santoso Evendi, Wakid Halizah, Siti Nur Husban, Husban Ikhwanuddin Ikhwanuddin Jahroni Khayru, Rafadi Khan Lufsiana Lufsiana, Lufsiana M. Rafi Mustafa, Abraham Reyhand Nainggolan, Samuel Dharma Putra Nuraini, Reny Pakpahan, Novritsar Hasitongan Rizky, Muchamad Catur Rommy Hardyansah Samsul Arifin Saputra, Rio Shahab, Alwi Mohamad Susilo, Erwin Syamsuyar, Khairul Umam Wibowo, Agung Satryo Widodo, Nanang Saputro Agung Yudhantaka, Lintang