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All Journal Pembaharuan Hukum SOEPRA Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan JURNAL HUKUM dan KENOTARIATAN Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Aurelia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia
Makbul, Ahmad
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Religion Humanities Computer Science & IT Education Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Determination of Vertical Boundaries of National Airspace in the Context of Airspace Security Operations Rohanwi, Fatkur; Buaton, Tiarsen; Makbul, Ahmad
AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : CV. Rayyan Dwi Bharata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57235/aurelia.v4i1.3671

Abstract

The establishment of the vertical boundary of national airspace is crucial in maintaining Indonesia's air sovereignty. The state has full sovereignty over the airspace above its land and waters; however, to date, there are no clear national or international regulations that define this vertical boundary. This uncertainty creates issues in law enforcement operations and airspace security, especially due to the rapid advancement of aviation and space technologies. This study analyzes the importance of establishing the vertical boundary of airspace to support air security operations by the Indonesian Air Force (TNI AU). The research employs a qualitative approach through literature reviews and interviews with relevant experts. The findings indicate that setting the vertical boundary is urgent in ensuring air security and sovereignty, as well as in preventing future legal conflicts. Active diplomacy in international forums is necessary to foster global agreements on the vertical boundary of airspace.
Tanggung Jawab Hukum Apoteker terhadap Pemberian Obat Keras Tanpa Resep Dokter di Fasilitas Pelayanan Apotek Tresnadi, Sony; Linda, Maura; Makbul, Ahmad
AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis
Publisher : Perhimpunan Sarjana Ekonomi dan Bisnis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37481/jmh.v5i1.1144

Abstract

Prescription drugs can only be obtained at certain health facilities, one of which is a pharmacy, where pharmacies, clinics, and hospitals provide two types of pharmaceutical services, namely the management of pharmaceutical supplies that include medical devices and disposable medical materials, and pharmaceutical services in clinical conditions. Prescription drugs can only be obtained at certain health facilities, one of which is a pharmacy, where the delivery can only be carried out by authorized health workers, namely pharmacists. Pharmacists at pharmacies can only dispense these prescription drugs based on a doctor's prescription. Based on Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health Article 320, there are two classifications of drugs, namely prescription drugs and non-prescription drugs. Prescription drugs are hard drugs, narcotics, and psychotropics, while nonprescription drugs are over-the-counter drugs and limited over-the-counter drugs. Prescription drugs are dispensed by pharmacists at pharmacy facilities. While nonprescription drugs can be obtained without requiring a prescription from a doctor. These non-prescription drugs can be obtained from pharmaceutical service facilities or other facilities permitted by laws and regulations such as hypermarkets, supermarkets, and minimarkets. The authority, rights, and obligations of pharmacists in carrying out their profession cover various aspects, from ethical responsibilities to compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Legal Regulations Based on the Health Law Health Law Number 17 of 2023 provides a clear regulatory framework regarding drug classification, including the role of pharmacists in distributing prescription drugs.
The Consistency of National Health Insurance Implementation in Achieving Health Equity Asya, Jasran; Suryono, Arief; Makbul, Ahmad
Jurnal Hukum dan Kenotariatan Vol 8 No 3 (2024): Jurnal Hukum dan Kenotariatan
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/hukeno.v8i3.22572

Abstract

The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia mandates the state to fulfill health equity. The amendments to the Constitution reformed the health sector by decentralizing authority from the central government to regional governments. Both the regional and central governments share responsibility for health funding through public health efforts and individual health efforts. However, the National Social Security System Law and the Social Security Agency Law, which form the basis of the National Health Insurance program, were drafted and implemented without involving regional governments. This has widened the disparity in the availability of healthcare facilities and medical personnel between developed and underdeveloped regions. This research aims to assess the National Social Security System Law and the Social Security Agency Law in terms of their consistency with the Constitution and their synchronization with the Regional Government Law and the Health Law in achieving health equity. Additionally, it examines the role of regional governments in funding individual health efforts under the National Health Insurance program. This normative explanatory research, based on secondary data, investigates various legal norms related to the funding of individual health efforts by regional governments. The research concludes that the funding of individual health efforts under the National Health Insurance program by he Social Security Agency Law is inconsistent with the Constitution and is not synchronized with the Regional Government Law and the Health Law. Legislative corrections to the National Health Insurance program-related laws are necessary to involve regional governments.
THE LEGAL REVIEW OF INTRACEREBRAL ARTERIAL HEPARIN FLUSHING MEDICAL PROCEDURE AS A NON-EVIDENCE BASED THERAPY Sapan, Heber Bombang; Husain, Bahtiar; Rokhmat, Rokhmat; Makbul, Ahmad; Osman, Ahmed Kheir
Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum Vol 11, No 3 (2024): Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum
Publisher : UNISSULA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jph.v11i3.40360

Abstract

The implementation of medical practice must follow service standards. The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of medical services based on scientific evidence. The research method used was normative juridical, the results of the study state that in efforts to improve the quality of medical services in Indonesia, the government had set health service standards as binding laws for health workers. However, these service standards are often not always implemented, so they have the potential to cause deviations that are detrimental to the community. Quality medical services based on scientific evidence are the main paradigm for quality medical services and community protection. Currently, there are still medical actions that are not based on scientific evidence, intracerebral arterial heparin flushing but have been widely applied and commercialized. intracerebral arterial heparin flushing is an action that is not based on strong scientific evidence so it is unethical. Therefore, legal protection is needed for the community from medical actions that are not based on scientific evidence. Medical personnel are advised to comply with service standards and carry out medical practices based on scientific evidence in carrying out their profession in order to avoid violating the law.
Analisis Yuridis Tanggung Jawab Hukum Rumah Sakit atas Kelalaian yang dilakukan oleh Tenaga Medis di Rumah Sakit Ivan, Pupung; Buaton, Tiarsen; Makbul, Ahmad
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 11, No 1: Juni 2025
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v11i1.12572

Abstract

Abstrak: Rumah Sakit dan dokter mempunyai peranan yang amat penting dalam menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan masyarakat. Hal ini karena rumah sakit adalah suatu tempat yang berisikan tenaga kesehatan dan fasilitas kesehatan yang dianggap oleh masyarakat dapat menyembuhkan penyakit seseorang. Sedangkan dokter merupakan seseorang yang mempunyai kemampuan tertentu dalam hal menyembuhkan penyakit pasien. Sehingga dokter dan rumah sakit dapat dianggap sebagai pemberi jasa kesehatan sedangkan pasien merupakan penerima jasa kesehatan. Pertanggungjawaban rumah sakit hanya dikenal doktrin Vicarious Liability namun dirasa sudah tidak dapat lagi mengakomodir kebutuhan masyarakat. Sehingga berkembang suatu doktrin yang bernama Corporate Liability dan Central Responsibility. Dalam pasal 193 Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang kesehatan telah mengadopsi doktrin Central Responsibilty, dimana rumah sakit bertanggung jawab secara hukum terhadap kerugian yang ditimbulkan atas kelalaian yang dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatannya. Sehingga pasien dapat meminta tanggung jawab kepada rumah sakit tanpa harus memastikan status dan hubungan antara dokter yang bersangkutan dengan rumah sakit. Namun disampaikan juga  yaitu pada Undang-Undang yang baru adalah no 17 Tahun 2023 Dalam Pasal 440 Dokter  dan Tenaga Kesehatan memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap kegiatannya yakni sangsi pidana bagi tenaga medis yang melakukan kealfaan yang mengakibatkan pasien luka berat.  Adapun pertanggungjawaban atas kerugian yang dialami pasien atas tindakan kelalaian yang dilakukan tenaga medis dapat dilakukan secara bersama-sama tanggung renteng dikenal dalam hukum perdata, khususnya Pasal 1365 dan Pasal 1367 KUHPerdata yang mengatur tentang perbuatan melawan hukum (onrechtmatige daad) dan tanggung jawab pihak lain atas perbuatan pihak yang berada di bawah pengawasannya.Abstract: Hospitals and doctors play a very important role in maintaining and improving the quality of public health. This is because hospitals are places that contain healthcare personnel and facilities that are believed by the community to be able to cure a person's illness. Whereas a doctor is someone who has certain abilities in terms of curing a patient's illness. Thus, doctors and hospitals can be considered as providers of health services, while patients are the recipients of health services. The hospital's accountability is only recognized under the doctrine of Vicarious Liability, but it is felt that this can no longer accommodate the needs of society. Thus, a doctrine known as Corporate Liability and Central Responsibility has developed. In Article 193 of Law No. 17 of 2023 on health, the doctrine of Central Responsibility has been adopted, where hospitals are legally responsible for losses caused by negligence committed by their healthcare personnel. So that patients can hold the hospital accountable without having to verify the status and relationship between the doctor in question and the hospital. However, it is also stated that in the new Law No. 17 of 2023 In Article 440, doctors and healthcare workers have responsibilities for their activities, namely criminal sanctions for medical personnel who commit negligence resulting in serious injury to patients. The accountability for the losses suffered by patients due to negligence by medical personnel can be jointly and severally liable, as known in civil law, specifically Article 1365 and Article 1367 of the Indonesian Civil Code, which regulate unlawful acts (onrechtmatige daad) and the responsibility of others for the actions of those under their supervision
Abortion Law in Rape Victims' Cases: Perspective of the KUHP and Indonesia's Health Law Lindawati; Suryono, Arief; Makbul, Ahmad
Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian Vol 19 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Kepolisian Volume 19 Nomor 2 Tahun 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kepolisian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35879/jik.v19i2.665

Abstract

Abortion is an issue that is always debated in various parts of the world, including in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the legal aspects of abortion performed on rape victims from the perspective of the latest criminal code, namely Law Number 1 of 2023, and from the perspective of the health law currently in force in Indonesia, namely Law Number 17 of 2023. The theory that focuses on the importance of law for rape victims is the Trauma theory, where trauma is not only an individual event, but also has broad social impacts. This study will examine abortion law from the current perspective of the regulations in force in Indonesia. This study found that there is harmonization in the regulations related to abortion in Indonesia, especially for rape victims. The contribution made by this study is the need for the real implementation of the rules and laws related to rape victims to show that the state is on the side of women. The consequences of rape have been proven to cause mental trauma, worsen the victim's mental condition, and result in physical and psychological suffering for the victim.
Analisis Yuridis Peran Tenaga Kesehatan dalam Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana KDRT Murlina, Astin; Sagala, Parluhutan; Makbul, Ahmad
Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika ISSN 2721-4796 (online) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Dan Pengambangan Mandalika Indonesia (IP2MI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/jcm.v5i2.3745

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran tenaga kesehatan dalam penegakan hukum tindak pidana kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT). Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap putusan pengadilan di PT Yogyakarta terhadap kasus KDRT, kurun waktu 2019 sd 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tenaga kesehatan memiliki peran penting dalam identifikasi, pelaporan, dan pemberian dukungan kepada korban KDRT. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan peran tenaga kesehatan dalam penegakan hukum KDRT.
Analisis Yuridis Penegakan Hukum atas Kecurangan (Fraud) Fasilitas Kesehatan Terhadap Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional dalam Pelayanan Medis Fajarwati, Desti; Efrila, Efrila; Makbul, Ahmad
Jurnal Cahaya Mandalika ISSN 2721-4796 (online) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Dan Pengambangan Mandalika Indonesia (IP2MI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/jcm.v5i2.3788

Abstract

Kesehatan merupakan hak asasi manusia dan salah satu unsur kesejahteraan yang harus diwujudkan sesuai dengan cita-cita bangsa Indonesia sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara RI Tahun 1945. Meneruskan amanat UUD 1945 terbentuklah Undang-undang No. 40 tahun 2004 tentang Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN) yaitu suatu tata cara penyelenggaraan program jaminan sosial oleh beberapa Badan Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial (BPJS). Dalam pelaksanaan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) ditemukan adanya kecurangan (fraud) yang dilakukan oleh fasilitas kesehatan kepada peserta JKN. Tidak adanya tindakan tegas membuat fasilitas kesehatan tidak jera untuk mengulangi lagi kecurangan (fraud) tersebut. Tujuan penulisan jurnal ini untuk mengkaji dan menganalisa pengaturan dan penegakan hukum atas kecurangan (fraud) fasilitas kesehatan terhadap peserta JKN dalam pelayanan medis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan serta spesifikasi deskriptif-analitis. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan dengan cara meneliti berbagai bahan pustaka hukum (data sekunder). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum tindakan kecurangan (fraud) telah diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan (Permenkes) No. 16 tahun 2019 namun sanksi yang diberikan tidak kuat karena hanya sanksi administratif berupa teguran lisan, tertulis, ganti rugi dan pencabutan izin. Berdasarkan analisis hukum diperlukan adanya upaya untuk pembaharuan Permenkes Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 dengan maksud mengisi kekurangan atau kekosongan hukum terkait ketentuan pidana agar bersifat lebih kuat. Semakin kuat regulasi akan menurunkan niat seseorang untuk melakukan tindakan kecurangan (fraud).
Co-Authors Arief Suryono Asya, Jasran Buaton, Tiarsen Efrila, Efrila Fajarwati, Desti Husain, Bahtiar Ivan, Pupung Linda, Maura LINDAWATI Murlina, Astin Osman, Ahmed Kheir Parluhutan Sagala Rohanwi, Fatkur Rokhmat, Rokhmat Sapan, Heber Bombang Tresnadi, Sony