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Berkala Arkeologi SANGKHAKALA

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Published by Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

ISSN : 14103974 EISSN : 25808907 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

"SANGKHAKALA" refers to the shell horns that blown regularly to convey certain messages. In accordance with the meaning, this journal expected to become an instrument in the dissemination of archaeological information to the public which is published on an ongoing basis. Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala is a peer-reviewed journal published biannual by the Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara in May and November. The first edition was published in 1997 and began to be published online in an e-journal form using the Open Journal System tool in 2015. Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala aims to publish research papers, reviews and studies covering the disciplines of archeology, anthropology, history, ethnography, and culture in general.

Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi

Articles 235 Documents

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Geologi Situs Bawömataluö, Kecamatan Fanayama, Kabupaten Nias Selatan, Provinsi Sumatera Utara Lucas Partanda Koestoro; Muhammad Fadlan S Intan
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 19 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v19i1.22

AbstractThe Megalithic tradition of Nias is a living Megalithic tradition as a result of the cultural development that has been going on since the prehistoric period. The Megalithic tradition was introduced during a period between the Neolithic and Palaeometalic. Research on Nias Island was carried out at Bawömataluö Site, which is administratively located at Bawömataluö Village, Fanayama District, South Nias Regency, North Sumatra Province. The problems discussed here are the morphological unit that formed the site, stratigraphical sequence, geological structure, and the source of raw material to make Megalithic objects. The aim of the research is to understand the geological condition of the natural environment of Bawömataluö Site and its surroundings. Geological survey, petrology analyses, and interpretation of geological map are the methods used. The results show that Bawömataluö Site is situated on the slightly wavy morphological unit, which was shaped by Lelematua Formation. Observation on the geological structure reveals that Bawömataluö Site stands on the uplifted part (block-hanging wall) of a thrust fault. Regarding the source of raw material to make Megalithic objects, observation reveals that the stones were taken from Batubuaya River, which is 1.5 kilometers to the southwest of Bawömataluö.AbstrakTradisi megalitik Nias merupakan tradisi megalitik berlanjut sebagai hasil pertumbuhan dan perkembangan budaya yang terjadi sejak masa prasejarah, yang berkembang di Nusantara antara masa neolitik dan paleometalik. Penelitian di Pulau Nias dilaksanakan di Situs Bawömataluö di wilayah administratif Desa Bawömataluö, Kecamatan Fanayama, Kabupaten Nias Selatan, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Permasalahan yang dibahas adalah berapa satuan morfologi yang menyusun situs, urutan stratigafi, struktur geologi, dan lokasi sumber bahan batuan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan geologi Situs Bawömataluö dan sekitarnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei geologi, analisis petrologi, dan interpretasi peta. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa Situs Bawömataluö terletak pada satuan morfologi bergelombang lemah, yang tersusun oleh Formasi Lelematua. Aspek struktur geologi menghasilkan data bahwa Situs Bawömataluö terletak pada bagian yang naik (blok hanging wall) dari suatu sesar naik (thrust fault). Adapun lokasi pengambilan bahan batuan untuk pembuatan bangunan megalitik berada pada Sungai Batubuaya yang berjarak 1,5 km di arah baratdaya SitusBawömataluöa.

Perbandingan Data Geologi, Paleontologi Dan Arkeologi Situs Patiayam Dan Semedo Siswanto Siswanto; Sofwan Noerwidi
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 18 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Java has plenty of Pleistocene sites that have recorded the development and changes of environment, as well as human beings and their cultures since more than a million years ago. The distribution of most of those sites is around the Solo Basin and along the Bengawan Solo River. However, there are also some sites, which are physiographically solitary, namely Patiayam at the feet of Mount Muria and Semedo at the east end of a mountain range in Bogor – North Serayu Zone. This article will present the current development and comparison of geological, paleontological, and archaeological data from Patiayam and Semedo, which is very valuable because they will increase our understanding of quaternary prehistory in Java, which thus far has always been dominated by data from the sites around the Solo Basin and along the Bengawan Solo River.

Strategi Pengelolaan Kawasan Kota Cina, Medan, Provinsi Sumatera Utara Stanov Purnawibowo; Lucas Partanda Koestoro
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 18 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Kota Cina area is one of the areas along the east coast of North Sumatra, which is closely related to trade network in Southeast Asia since at least 12th to 14th centuries CE. Previous researchers have proven that the area had once been a thriving city of commerce, port, and settlement during the period. This research is aimed at fabricating a strategy to manage Kota Cina area. The strategy is oriented toward preservation and utilization for the sake of the community. The method used is retracing its management history, which can then be used as the basis for determining the management strategy in the future. The research has generated four strategies, namely to: assign Kota Cina as a cultural heritage area, establish a management institution, include active participation of local community members in developing this area as a tourist destination, and develop thorough research.

Dinamika Aktivitas Kemaritiman Di Pulau Kampai, Kota Cina, Dan Kota Rantang, Sumatera Utara Lucas Partanda Koestoro; Stanov Purnawibowo; Repelita Wahyu Oetomo
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 19 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/sba.v19i2.28

AbstractMaritime activities in coastal area north Sumatera does not only appear in one location and a certain period of time as not as can be stand-alone. Indications of dynamics, interrelation, and utilization continuity of coastal area north Sumatera in maritime activities and interaction between the nation and the culture that occur in the past is big enough. Study of Archeology which sufficient intensive has done in sites Pulau Kampai, Kota Cina, and Kota Rantang in a certain period of time resulted from the data which quite interesting. The information gets by the data is tended to show the existence of voyage activities and trade, also the introduction of few aspect of life, with a quite valid of chronology. All of them are showing the past activities in that area fulfilled with diverse activities that show its power as an economic world track which connected of east and west cultures. There is the continue of the activity is revolve in VIII to XVI centuries. Even the discovery of archeology Pulau Kampai shows the existence of continuity activities in XVI to XX centuries. AbstrakAktivitas kemaritiman di pesisir timur Sumatera Utara tidak hanya memunculkan satu lokasi dan satu kurun waktu tertentu sebagai simpul yang berdiri sendiri. Indikasi adanya dinamika, keterkaitan, dan kesinambungan pemanfaatan pesisir timur Sumatera Utara dalam aktivitas kemaritiman dan interaksi antar bangsa dan budaya yang terjadi di masa lalu cukup besar. Penelitian arkeologis yang cukup intensif telah dilakukan di situs-situs Pulau Kampai, Kota Cina, dan Kota Rantang beberapa waktu berselang menghasilkan data yang cukup menarik. Informasi yang diperoleh melalui data dimaksud menunjukkan keberadaan kegiatan pelayaran dan perdagangan, juga pengenalan akan beberapa aspek kehidupan, serta kronologi yang cukup sahih. Semua memperlihatkan masa lalu di kawasan itu dipenuhi dengan beragam aktivitas yang menunjukkan kekuatannya sebagai jalur perekonomian dunia yang menghubungkan peradaban di dunia bagian barat dan timur. Adapun berlangsungnya aktivitas itu berkisar antara abad VIII hingga abad XVI. Bahkan temuan arkeologis di Pulau Kampai memperlihatkan adanya aktivitas lanjutan pada abad XVI hingga abad XX.

Spesifikasi dan Asal Sarana Pertahanan Asing yang Ada di Pulau Madura: Bunker Jepang Vs Bunker Belanda Muhammad Chawari
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 19 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v19i1.23

AbstractThis article is based on data obtained from a research with a theme of Japanese Defense Facilities during the World War II (Phase V), which was conducted at the Regencies of Bangkalan and Sumenep on Madura Island, East Java Province in 2014. The research employed survey method and its goal was to provide a picture about the presence of foreign bankers in Indonesia. Results of the research are data, which can be distinguished into three groups: bunkers, wells, and water reservoirs. Furthermore, there is a new fact that the objects found were Dutch bunkers, not Japanese ones.AbstrakKarya tulis ini didasarkan atas data hasil penelitian dengan tema Sarana Pertahanan Jepang Pada Masa Perang Dunia II (tahap V) yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Sumenep, Pulau Madura tahun 2014. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui survei dengan tujuan memberikan gambaran tentang keberadaan bunker asing di indonesia. Hasil penelitian tersebut mendapatkan data yang dikelompokkan menjadi tiga yaitu: bunker, sumur, dan bak penampungan air. Selain itu, diperoleh data baru bahwa objek yang dijumpai merupakan bunker Belanda, bukan bunker Jepang.

Situs Arjuna Metapa Di Gianyar, Bali: Sebuah Patirthan? Coleta Palupi Titasari; Rochtri Agung Bawono
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 18 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Every archaeological remain is always found in context with certain space and building architecture. This is also the case with the archaeological finds at the site of Arjuna Metapa at Pejeng Village in Gianyar, Bali. Uncovering a holy bathing place is the focus of this research, which is based on supporting data in form of archaeological data found within the location. The methods being used to solve the problem are divided into two: data collection and data analyses. Data collecting involves surface survey, bibliographical study, and interviews, while data analyses include qualitative-artifactual analysis, comparative and correlation analysis, location/spatial analysis, and physical traces analysis. Data obtained from research and analyses reveal that the Arjuna Metapa Site was a patirthan (holy bathing place) with water spouts, indicated by two spouted statues on Arjuna Metapa pedestal, which are meditating Arjuna spouted statue and angel spouted statue. Supporting data in form of an angel statue, which has similar form and size, was also found at the Village Temple (Pura Desa) of Bedulu. Oral tradition also mentions that the area was known by the name of Uma Telaga and is believed to be a rice field that was previously a lake or bathing place. This is confirmed by the discovery of Air Tiga inscription in that location. The name Air Tiga (air means water and tiga means three) is probably refer to the number of statues found in that location, which is one meditating Arjuna spouted statue and two angels spouted statues.

Artefak Dalam Konteks Pemanfaatan Gua Sebagai Dapur Gambir di Ngalau Datuk Marajo Ali, Lembah Harau, Sumatera Barat Nenggih Susilowati; Taufiqurrahman Setiawan; Dyah Hidayati; Lucas Partanda Koestoro
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 19 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

AbstractNgalau (Cave) Datuk Marajo Ali is located at Jorong Koto Nan Gadang, Kenagarian (State) of Pilubang, Harau District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency. Ngalau Datuk Marajo Ali is facing southwest (2100) with an opening of 10 m wide. The depth of its front space is 9.5 m, while behind it is a passage 10 m long with a sloping front slope. The ngalau has wide enough room with low cave roof at the back. The problems are: how are the relations between artifacts, space utility, and the forms of activities that took place at Ngalau Datuk Marajo Ali? How are they compared to the artifacts found at other cave around Harau Valley? The method employed during data collection phase was explorative using inductive reasoning, while the writing method was qualitative-descriptive. In general Ngalau Datuk Marajo Ali has wide enough space without stalactite or stalagmite, and is divided into southwest and northeast sections. The southwest section has lower surface than the northeast section. The rock surface of the northeast section is relatively flat so that it was comfortable to sit or stand there, except in the innermost part. Results of the excavation show that the activities in the southwest section were varied, based on the artifacts, artifactual context, and stratigraphy. It shows that the cave was used several times for different purposes. It is assumed that the activities were related to the Paderi War (1821 – 1838) as a hiding place, a hiding place during Indonesian independence war (before 1945), and gambir processing activities (gambir kitchen) in around 1945sAbstrakNgalau Datuk Marajo Ali terletak di Jorong Koto Nan Gadang, Kenagarian Pilubang, Kecamatan Harau, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. Ngalau Datuk Marajo Ali menghadap ke baratdaya (2100) dengan lebar pintu gua 10 m dan kedalaman ruangan depan 9,5 m dan dibelakangnya terdapat lorong sedalam 10 m dengan lereng di depannya melandai. Ngalau tersebut memiliki dimensi ruang cukup lebar dengan atap gua rendah pada bagian belakang. Adapun permasalahannya adalah bagaimana kaitan antara artefak, pemanfaatan ruang, serta bentuk aktivitas yang berlangsung di Ngalau Datuk Marajo Ali? Bagaimana perbandingan dengan artefak di ngalau-ngalau lain di sekitar Lembah Harau? Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data bertipe eksploratif menggunakan alur penalaran induktif. Metode penulisannya adalah kualitatifdeskriptif. Secara umum Ngalau Datuk Marajo Ali memilki ruangan yang cukup lapang, tanpa stalagtit dan stalagmit, terbagi menjadi dua yaitu di baratdaya dan timurlaut. Di bagian baratdaya kondisi permukaannya lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan timurlaut. Permukaan bebatuan di timurlaut relatif rata, sehingga nyaman untuk duduk atau berdiri, kecuali di bagian paling dalam. Hasil ekskavasi menggambarkan bahwa di bagian baratdaya pemanfaatanya cukup beragam berdasarkan analisa terhadap temuan, konteks temuan, dan stratigrafinya. Hasilnya adalah gua ini dimanfaatkan berulang kali untuk kebutuhan yang berbeda. Diperkirakan aktivitas yang berlangsung berkaitan dengan persembunyian pada masa perang Paderi (1821--1838), persembunyian pada masa perang kemerdekaan (sebelum 1945), serta aktivitas pengolahan gambir dengan dapur gambir sekitar tahun 1945 -an.

Budaya Austronesia Di Indonesia Bagian Barat Dalam Kaitannya Dengan Migrasi Out Of Taiwan Ketut Wiradnyana
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 18 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/sba.v18i1.6

Out of Taiwan is one of the theories about the dispersion of the Austronesian people, which is the most popular among the researchers who study the Austronesian people and culture until now. The theory’s popularity is supported by linguistic, anthropological, DNA, and dating, as well as archaeological data. The quite abundant archaeological data has contributed to the existence of the theory, among others the hypothesis about the dispersion of quadrangular adzes and rounded axes. The migration based on reveals human migration route from the Philippines to Sulawesi (Celebes), and from Sulawesi it was split into two directions, one of which went westward to Kalimantan (Borneo) and moved on to Sumatra, Java, Bali, and East Nusa Tenggara. The other route was to the eastern part of Indonesia. The route to the west is associated with quadrangular adze distribution, while the one to the eastern part of Indonesia is associated with round axe distribution. Furthermore, the red-slipped pottery was initially existed only in the eastern part of Indonesia, which led to a hypothesis that its distribution was limited to that region. But later the red-slipped pottery was also found in the western part of Indonesia, which indicates that there was human migration from the Austronesian place of origin (Southern China) to West Indonesia. In accordance with the migration route to the western part of Indonesia, and based on information obtained from excavations at a number of sites in that area, as well as carbon analyses and other analyses using descriptive qualitative method with inductive reasonings, there is an increasingly strong indication that there were migrations of Prehistoric Austronesian speakers, which tend to be different from the Out of Taiwan migration route. Naskah

Karakter Budaya Gua Kidang Hunian Prasejarah Kawasan Karst Pegunungan Utara Jawa Indah Asikin Nurani
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 19 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

AbstractThus far the karst area of the Northern Mountains of Java only has very few traces of occupation caves. investigations carried out by foreign researchers, particularly the ones from the Dutch, cover a number of caves in Situbondo, Tuban, and Bojonegoro. The interpretation made in relation to the results of investigations in the karst area of the Northern Mountains of Java show the distinct characteristics of maritime culture, which are artifacts and ecofacts, including marine and freshwater fauna. Aside from that, vertebrates were also found as artifacts and ecofacts. The cultural characteristics of habitation caves in the karst area of the Northern Mountains of Java differ from those in the Southern Mountains of Java, particularly Gunung Sewu (Thousand Mountains). Gua Kidang (Kidang Cave) is located in the karst area of Blora, and until now it is the only cave which shows indications that it was intensively inhabited for a long period of time. The cultural remains at that cave provide comprehensive information about the human occupation in their effort to survive. This article tries to reconstruct the living pattern of the inhabitants of Gua Kidang in exploring the surrounding environment to find food sources and raw materials to make their daily implements. The studies to reveal the problems include technological, geoarchaeological, and palaeoanthropological studies. This research employs descriptive-explanative method with inductive reasoning, while the approach is spatial archaeology. AbstrakKawasan karst pegunungan utara Jawa selama ini minim jejak budaya gua hunian. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti asing khususnya orang Belanda, meliputi gua-gua di Situbondo, Tuban, dan Bojonegoro. interpretasi yang disusun sehubungan dengan hasil penelitian di kawasan karst Pegunungan Utara Jawa memberikan kekhasan karakter budaya pantai yaitu temuan baik artefak maupun ekofak dari fauna marin dan air tawar. Selain itu, fauna vertebrata juga ditemukan baik sebagai artefak maupun ekofak. Hal yang menjadi karakter budaya gua hunian di kawasan karst Pegunungan Utara Jawa berbeda dengan di kawasan karst Pegunungan Selatan Jawa khususnya di Gunung Sewu. Gua Kidang berada di kawasan karst Blora, yang sampai saat ini merupakan satu-satunya gua yang membuktikan indikasi dihuni secara intensif dalam kurun waktu yang panjang. Jejak budaya yang ditinggalkan memberikan informasi lengkap tentang okupasi manusia penghuninya dalam mempertahankan hidup. Tulisan ini akan memberikan gambaran rekonstruksi pola hidup manusiapenghuni Gua Kidang dalam mengeksplorasi alam sekitarnya, baik dalam mencari sumber makan maupun sumber bahan baku untuk peralatan sehari-hari. Kajian untuk mengungkap permasalahan meliputi kajian teknologi, geoarkeologi, dan paleoantropologi. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif – eksplanatif dengan penalaran induktif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah arkeologi keruangan.

Partisipasi Masyarakat Lokal Medan: Sebuah Tinjauan Atas Kriteria Nasional Pada Proses Penetapan Sebagai Cagar Budaya Isnen Fitri
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 18 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Among the important problems encountered in the implementation of cultural heritage preservation in Indonesia nowadays is the establishment of the cultural register in national, province, or regency/city levels. Criteria in article 5 of the Law on Items of Cultural Heritage No.11/2010 are insufficient for the process of assigning historical assets as cultural heritage items. The criteria also seem to merely be a “copy and paste” of the previous law. Meanwhile, at the global level, during the last several decades, many countries have begun to adopt the concept of the important values of heritages, which is depicted in the Burra Charter as a reference to develop criteria in assigning items of cultural heritages. To improve our national criteria in the near future, this study is aimed at evaluating national criteria in article 5 based on opinions of 33 representatives of local communities in Medan, as stakeholders in the preservation of cultural heritages in the city of Medan, by performing interviews and group discussions using Nominal Group Technique or NGT. From the diverse opinions of the 33 participants obtained from the two phases of data collecting process, it is concluded that our national criteria in assigning an item of cultural heritage that were mentioned in article 5 of the Law on Items of Cultural Heritage No.11/2010 are still obscure, difficult to measure, overlapping, and not quite in line with global trend. Most participants disagree that age is used as the main criteria. There are a number of suggestions (inputs) from the participants to improve the sentences in article 5 to form criteria that are easier to measure and independent.

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Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara Jalan Seroja Raya, Gang Arkeologi No. 1, Tanjung Selamat, Medan Tuntungan, Medan 20134

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Andri Restiyadi

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Phone +6282160904164

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Editorial Address Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara Jalan Seroja Raya, Gang Arkeologi No. 1, Tanjung Selamat, Medan Tuntungan, Medan 20134

Location Kota medan, Sumatera utara INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Andri Restiyadi

Contact Email
sangkhakala.balarsumut@kemdikbud.go.id

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+6282160904164

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara Jalan Seroja Raya, Gang Arkeologi No. 1, Tanjung Selamat, Medan Tuntungan, Medan 20134

Location
Kota medan,

Sumatera utara

INDONESIA