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Berkala Arkeologi SANGKHAKALA
Published by Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 14103974     EISSN : 25808907     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
"SANGKHAKALA" refers to the shell horns that blown regularly to convey certain messages. In accordance with the meaning, this journal expected to become an instrument in the dissemination of archaeological information to the public which is published on an ongoing basis. Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala is a peer-reviewed journal published biannual by the Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara in May and November. The first edition was published in 1997 and began to be published online in an e-journal form using the Open Journal System tool in 2015. Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala aims to publish research papers, reviews and studies covering the disciplines of archeology, anthropology, history, ethnography, and culture in general.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi
Articles 235 Documents
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Posisi Fauna Situs Patiayam Dalam Biostratigrafi Jawa Siswanto Siswanto; Sofwan Noerwidi
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 19 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1294.216 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/sba.v19i2.31

Abstract

AbstractPatiayam is a Pleistocene site which rich of paleontological remains. Based on the result, we know the diversity of Patiayam fauna that lived on the site. Unfortunately, most of the fossils found by local people are surface find. Thus, it is difficult to trace the age of these fossils. This article attempts to answer these problems by conducting contextual studies of faunal fossil in Patiayam to determine its relative age based on the contextual position of their rock formations, and to put their position in the history of presence and extinction of fauna (biostratigraphy) in Pleistocene time. The result suggests that Patiayam fauna is located between Cisaat group to Kedungbrubus group. It records the history of environmental change and faunal inhabitant from 1.2 to 0.8 million years ago. This perspective is useful to enrich our understanding of the quarternary prehistory of Java, especially in the isolated site as Patiayam.AbstrakSitus Patiayam merupakan situs Plestosen yang kaya akan data paleontologis. Berdasarkan penelitian dapat diketahui keragaman jenis fauna yang pernah menghuni situs tersebut. Sayangnya kebanyakan dari temuan tersebut merupakan temuan permukaan oleh penduduk, sehingga sult untuk mengetahui pertanggalan dari fosil-fosil tersebut. Tulisan ini berusaha menjawab permasalahan tersebut dengan melakukan studi kontekstual terhadap temuan fosil fauna di situs Patiayam guna mengetahui usia relatifnya berdasarkan konteks formasi batuan, serta kemudian menempatkan posisinya dalam sejarah kehadiran dan kepunahan fauna-fauna (biostratigrafi) Plestosen di Jawa. Hasilnya dapat diketahui bahwa fauna Patiayam termasuk dalam kelompok fauna Cisaat hingga fauna Kedungbrubus, yang merekam sejarah perubahan lingkungan, serta penghunian fauna dalam rentang waktu sekurang-kurangnya1.2 hingga 0.8 juta tahun yang lalu. Pandangan ini berguna untuk melengkapi dan menambah pemahaman kita mengenai prasejarah kuarter di Pulau Jawa, khususnya pada situs yang terisolir seperti Patiayam.
Perkembangan Bentuk Nisan Aceh, Sebagai Wujud Kreativitas Masyarakat Aceh Pada Masa Lalu Repelita Wahyu Oetomo
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 12 No 23 (2009)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3413.754 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v12i23.206

Abstract

AbstractAt least, there are 3 (three) periods of Islam art development in Aceh. First, the beginning of the expansion of Islam. In that era, the element of Islam’s art assimilated to the art of preislam (Hindu-Buddha). In line with the development of Aceh government system, people began to increase the skill in art. But, when the Dutch nation colonized, the art in Aceh was fading. It was known through the gravestones.
Fungsi dan Makna Simbolis Kursi Batu dan Replika Kursi Kayu Pada Masyarakat Nias Dyah Hidayati
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 16 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (435.677 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v16i1.108

Abstract

AbstractChairs are commonly interpreted as man-made tools for sitting. Others may uniquely assign certain social or religious interpretations upon the shape of a chair. This paper specifically discusses stone chairs and wooden chair replica in Nias, which are represented by findings in South Nias, especially at the villages of Hilimondregeraya, Bawömataluo, dan Hilisimaetanö. Thus, such question of what are the symbolic functions and meanings of stone chairs and wooden chair replica for Nias people from the aspects of materals, ornaments, dimensions, and positioning is the subject matter of this paper. The paper is aimed at answering the proposed question above through a survey (observation) method supported by a library study. Having been thorugh data analysis, it is concluded that the symbolic function and meaning of th stone chair and wooden chair replica are closely related to the aspects of material, ornament, dimension, and positioning. Material determining is merely of a technical reason. Sculptured ornaments symbolize grandness, nobility, and power. The dimension aspect of the stone chair, on one hand, has a normal size that suggests a functionalty as a sitting place, while the wooden chair replica on the other hand functionas a base for the statue adu zatua. The positioning aspect tells of the display of the stone chair among other megalith stones strecthing in front of the house and the wooden chair being sculptured at the wall completing the interior omo sebua. The stone chair generally functions as a seating place. In Hilisimaetano, for insance, the stone chair specifically is used for a tribe traditional leader presiding a traditional meeting. The wooden chair replica, on the other hand, embodies a quite different significance as a base or a throne of the ancestor statue adu zatua as well as an aesthetical meaning as an interior decorator omo sebua Bawömataluo. Furthermore, the stone chair in Nias has a symbolic meaning as a social status. The ornament at the wooden chair replica symbolizes a high social status of the owner. As a matter of fact, the shape resembling a throne suggests symbolically a higher position as it bears a hope for the ancestor spirit to reach an important place in his afterlife as he attained in his earthly life.AbstrakSecara umum kursi dimaknai sebagai benda buatan manusia yang berfungsi sebagai tempat duduk. Namun secara khusus bentuk kursi juga bisa mengandung fungsi sosial maupun religi tertentu. Ruang lingkup tulisan ini adalah kursi batu dan replika kursi kayu di Nias, yang terwakili oleh tinggalan-tinggalan yang terdapat di wilayah Nias Selatan khususnya di Desa Hilimondregeraya, Bawömataluo, dan Hilisimaetanö. Permasalahan yang dimunculkan dalam tulisan ini adalah: apakah fungsi dan makna simbolis kursi batu dan replika kursi kayu pada masyarakat Nias ditinjau dari aspek bahan, ornamen, dimensi, dan keletakannya? Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah menjawab permasalahan yang telah dikemukakan di atas melalui metode survei (observasi) yang didukung oleh studi pustaka. Setelah melalui tahap analisis data, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa fungsi dan makna simbolis kursi batu dan replika kursi kayu pada masyarakat Nias terkait erat dengan aspek bahan, ornamen, dimensi, dan keletakannya. Pemilihan bahan terkait dengan alasan teknis semata. Ornamen yang dipahatkan menyimbolkan kebesaran, kebangsawanan, dan kekuasaan. Dari aspek dimensi, kursi batu memiliki ukuran normal yang dapat digunakan sebagai tempat duduk, sedangkan kursi kayu berupa replika dan berfungsi sebagai tempat untuk meletakkan patung adu zatua. Dari aspek keletakan, kursi batu berada di antara batu-batu megalitik lainnya yang berderet di halaman depan rumah, sedangkan kursi kayu dipahatkan di dinding yang melengkapi interior omo sebua. Fungsi kursi batu secara umum adalah sebagai tempat duduk. Lebih khusus lagi kursi batu di Hilisimaetanö digunakan sebagai tempat duduk bagi pemuka adat yang akan memimpin musyawarah adat. Sedangkan replika kursi kayu memiliki fungsi yang berbeda, yaitu sebagai dudukan atau singgasana patung leluhur adu zatua serta berfungsi estetis sebagai penghias interior omo sebua Bawömataluo. Makna simbolis kursi batu di Nias adalah sebagai simbol status sosial. Pada replika kursi kayu, ornamen yang terdapat pada objek tersebut juga menyimbolkan status sosial yang tinggi dari pemiliknya. Sedangkan bentuk menyerupai singgasana raja secara simbolis juga menyiratkan kedudukan yang tinggi karena hal itu merupakan harapan bahwa roh leluhur tersebut dapat mencapai kedudukan yang sama seperti di masa hidupnya.
Lahan Basah dan Arkeologi Nusantara Muh. Fadlan S. Intan; Lucas Partanda Koestoro
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 11 No 22 (2008)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (613.343 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v11i22.238

Abstract

AbstractReferring to the assumption that the technology gives deep influence to the human ability to adapt the environment, we have found that the research result could describe the influence of environment to human being in the simplest level in cultural evolution. In line with that, the role of human in changing the environment will increase in parallel with the development of technology. As one of environmental form, there’s a wide wetland in Indonesia which is known as an wetland country and people also depend on it. Wetland has an importand value in contributing the biological variance, world climate regulator, source of food, etc that give the benefit to the human’s life and others. It’s not surprising that there’s lot of archaelogical sites on wetland area.
Pentarikhan Baru Situs Hoabinhian dan Berbagai Kemungkinannya Ketut Wiradnyana
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 13 No 26 (2010)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (944.944 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v13i26.174

Abstract

AbstractThe dating often carried out through the approach on the basis of morphology and technology of the observed artifacts. While the carbon dating method is generally performed on ecofak samples found in the excavation. Determination of the dating of structure within a site is very helpful to inform the process of past activity. So, also on Hoabinhian site, the structured dating will greatly assist in the effort to understand the process of exploiting the area in the past which is also referred to chronicle events on your site. The dating is one of the methods in an attempt to reconstruct the history. Although the information generated is absolute, but it’s not yet able to disclose all aspects of the activities of the past, it’s only to provide various information that can be better.
Naskah Bambu Namanongon Ribut: Salah Satu Teks dari Batak Mandailing yang Tersisa Churmatin Nasoichah
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 16 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3904.251 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v16i2.98

Abstract

AbstractStudies on ancient scripts have been deemed significant nowadays due to past cultural heritage that may provide valuable information on social, cultural, economic, religious, or other aspects. This importance, however, is hampered by the reduced, broken, or sold heritage abroad. This study focuses on an ancient script 'Namanongon Ribut' in the Regency of Mandailing Natal, North Sumatera. Through inductive and qualitative methods, the research has resulted various poems or work of literature of rich meaning such as the making of scripts, messages, and mantra.AbstrakKajian terhadap naskah kuna semakin penting dewasa ini, karena banyak naskah warisan budaya masa lalu yang dapat memberikan informasi penting terhadap berbagai aspek sosial, budaya, ekonomi, religi, maupun aspek lainnya. Padahal keberadaannya semakin berkurang dan kondisinya justru semakin rusak atau bahkan dijual ke negara lain. Studi ini memfokuskan perhatian pada Naskah kuna yang bernama Namanongon Ribut di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara. Dengan menggunakan metode induktif kualitatif, penelitian menghasilkan berbagai syair atau karya sastra yang memiliki berbagai makna, di antaranya berupa pembuatan naskah, pesan, dan mantra.
Jejak Keindiaan (Hindu-Buddha) dalam Kebudayaan Pakpak Ery Soedewo
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 11 No 21 (2008)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v11i21.229

Abstract

AbstractPakpak as one of the ethnic group in North Sumatera, showed that its cultural heritage had been influenced by Indian culture. Indian culture added into Pakpak culture then enriched it. This addition didn’t change Pakpak’s identity.
Jejak Teknik Pemahatan Relife di Biara Mangaledang, Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Utara Andri Restiyadi
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 15 No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2616.105 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v15i1.133

Abstract

AbstractPadang Lawas is the largest Hindu-Buddha complex site in North Sumatra that includes Padang Lawas and North Padang Lawas districts. Biara Mangaledang, an exciting site in Padang Lawas, indicates the traces of stone relief work. The inductive frame of thought will reveal an answer to the subject matter by comparing it to a similar finding of Karmawibangga relief of Borobudur Temple, Central Java.AbstrakPadang Lawas merupakan kompleks situs bercorak Hindu-Buddha terbesar di Sumatera Utara yang wilayahnya meliputi Kabupaten Padang Lawas dan Padang Lawas Utara. Salah satu situs menarik di Padang Lawas adalah Biara Mangaledang berkaitan dengan adanya indikasi jejak pengerjaan relief pada batu. Melalui kerangka pikir induktif akan diungkapkan jawaban atas permasalahan tersebut dengan membandingkan temuan serupa di relief Karmawibangga di Candi Borobudur, Jawa Tengah.
Sistem Penguburan Terlipat Takengon: Tambahan Data Baru Penguburan Dalam Gua di Indonesia Taufiqurrahman Setiawan
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 14 No 27 (2011)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1555.375 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v14i27.165

Abstract

AbstractArchaelogical data about prehistoric burial inside of prehistoric cave or rock-shelter site in Indonesia has been found in some sites that spread at some different provinces, such as Central Java, West Java, East Java, East Borneo, and also South Sumatra. Now, there is addition one that found in Loyang(cave) Mendale and Loyang Ujung Karang in Takengon, Central Aceh, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.
Permukiman di Lingkungan Danau Catatan Atas Hasil Penelitian Situs-situs Ranu di Jawa Timur Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 13 No 25 (2010)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2352.829 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/bas.v13i25.188

Abstract

AbstractLake area, such as Ranu Klakah, Ranu Gedang and Ranu Segaran, is the past settlements area which occupied by people since the neolithic period which were marked by the use of square pickaxe artifact. Activity in ranu region continue until the next period which is characterized by the existence of megalithic monuments, the remains of an old temple, and tomb from the early days of the entry of Islam, even now, the location of ancient settlements are still used as a residential location

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