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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

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Articles 2,118 Documents

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Training of Paramedical Personnel. Understanding priorities in treatment of diarrhea Jon E. Rohde
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 14 No 9-10 (1974): September - October 1974
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Training of medical personnel must emphasize the importtance of dehydration, its diagnosis, recognition, prevention and treatment. Maintenance of body hydration is the key to therapy for cholera, amoebiasis, toxin producing E. coli, measles, lactose intolerance, acute food poisoning, dengue hemorrhagic fever, viral enteritis, heat stoke; the list is almost endless. Management is basically the same for all.

Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with protocol Hongkongâ€“Indonesia Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 97 Johannes Bondan Lukito
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 47 No 2 (2007): March 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background The HK-Ina ALL 97 study protocol is based on theTherapy Study ALL-BFM 95 protocol. Basically, this protocolstratifies the patients into three groups, i.e. standard risk for lowrisk group (SR), intermediate risk (IR), and high risk (HR) group,and the treatment is directed according to the risk groups.Objectives To investigate the overall treatment result of childhoodALL in Indonesia and to stratify patients according to biological,clinical criteria, and molecular study that identify the standardand high risk patients with greater precision.Methods Twenty patients entered in this study; 10 SR, 6 IR and 4HR groups. Induction phase for SR group consisted of four drugs(phase Iâ€™a) for five weeks and three drugs combination (phase Iâ€™b)for four weeks. Consolidation phase consisted of four doses of mini-HD MTX (2 gram/m 2 ) (protocol Mâ€™), reinduction phase useddexamethasone for seven weeks, and maintenance phase consistedof 6 MP and MTX. Boys, who were at higher risk of relapse, weregiven pulse dexamethasone and vincristine. Induction phase for IRwas the same as SR, but four doses of daunorubicin were given to IRgroup (Ia). Consolidation phase included four doses HDMTX (5gram/m 2 ). Phase Ib and Protocol II was the same as SR group. Pulsedexamethasone and vincristine was given to all patients. Inductionphase for HR group will be the same as IR group. This followed bythree blocks of very intensive treatment. Two reinduction phasesand maintenance was the same as SR and IR groups.Results Nineteen of 20 patients achieved complete remission (CR).The patient who could not stand was a 10 years old boy with initialWBC 612X10 9 /L, T-lineage marrow. He died 5 months since the initialdiagnosis after treated with HDMTX with dominant CD33 and sepsis.Conclusion The EFS in this study is 95% for the observation of 5months through five years and two months. It is still expected thatthe result fall off in the subsequent year, but it is also expected to becomparable to 70-80%. The very intensive and toxic program forHR group, may improve the EFS, but may also cause secondaryAML in the earlier time.

Correlation between tumor necrosis factor-alpha and septic shock in children Khrisanti Dinata; Ari L. Runtunuwu; Jose M. Mandei; Julius H. Lolombulan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 53 No 1 (2013): January 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background The crucial role cytokines play in the pathophysiologyof sepsis is widely accepted. Infection stimulates the productionof cytokines in various cell types. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-a) is one of the most extensively investigated cytokines inexperimental and clinical sepsis. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha hasbeen shown to mediate lethality in experimental sepsis.Objective To evaluate for a possible correlation between TNF-alevel and septic shock in children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Manadofrom June to September 2011. A total of 40 patients with arecent diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock were included. Plasmaspecimens were collected from subjects for measurement ofTNF-a concentration. Logistic regression analysis was used toassess the correlation between TNF-a level and sepsis, as well asthe probability of shock in children with sepsis, with P<0.05 asstatistically significant.Results There was a strong positive correlation betweenTNF-a level and the probability of shock in children with sepsis(regression coefficient = 0. 78, P = 0.002).Conclusions There is a strong positive correlation betweenTNF-a level with the probability of shock in children with sepsis.Higher plasma level ofTNF-a is associated with higher probabilityof septic shock.

Nephrologic abnormalities in neonatal asphyxia at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta Idham Amir; Vera M Manoe; Taralan Tambunan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 44 No 2 (2004): March 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Introduction Neonatal asphyxia is still the leading cause of highmorbidity and mortality in developed countries, as well as in devel-oping countries including Indonesia. As a response to asphyxia,renal hypoxia occurs which is initially temporary, but if persisting,can cause permanent damage to the cortex and medulla.Objective The purpose of this study was to determine thenephrologic abnormalities in neonatal asphyxia at CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital.Methods This was a cross sectional descriptive study conductedin the Division of Neonatology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital fromAugust until November 2002. Neonates with congenital malforma-tion were excluded.Results The study showed that the incidence of nephrologic ab-normalities in neonatal asphyxia based on Apgar scores at 1, 5,and 10 minutes were 65/100, 26/33, and 5/6, respectively. The riskof nephrologic abnormalities was not statistically different in se-vere asphyxia compared to moderate asphyxia. Severe asphyxiaat 1 minute Apgar scores was correlated with the occurrence ofoliguria.Conclusion In asphyxiated newborn, it is very important to inves-tigate the possibility of nephrologic abnormalities

Rupture of esophageal varices due to portal hypertension Yusri Dianne Jurnalis; Yorva Sayoeti; Marlinda Marlinda
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 5 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi50.5.2010.316-20

Variceal bleeding is the most common cause of serious upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding in children. Most variceal bleeding is esophageal.1 Hemorrhages from esophageal varices due to portal hypertension are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. There is a 30% mortality rate following an initial episode of variceal hematemesis. Mortality increases to 70% with recurrent variceal hemorrhage. Moreover, the one year survival rate after variceal hemorrhage is often poor (32 to 80%).2-4 We report a case of esophageal varices rupture caused by portal hypertension, an emergent case in the Pediatric Gastrohepatology division.

Serum ferritin, serum nitric oxide, and cognitive function in pediatric thalassemia major Septiana Nur Qurbani; Lelani Reniarti; Alex Chairulfatah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 3 (2017): May 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Hemolysis and repeated blood transfusions in children with thalassemia major cause iron overload in various organs, including the brain, and may lead to neurodegeneration. Hemolysis also causes decreased levels of nitric oxide, which serves as a volume transmitter and slow dynamic modulation, leading to cognitive impairment.Objective To assess for correlations between serum ferritin as well as nitric oxide levels and cognitive function in children with thalassemia major.Â Methods This analytical study with cross-sectional design on 40 hemosiderotic thalassemia major patients aged 6âˆ’14 years, was done at the Thalassemia Clinic in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, from May to June 2015. Serum ferritin measurements were performed by an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay; serum nitric oxide was assayed by a colorimetric procedure based on Griess reaction; and cognitive function was assessed by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children test. Statistical analysis was done using Spearmanâ€™s Rank correlation, with a significance value of 0.05.Results Abnormal values in verbal, performance, and full scale IQ were found in 35%, 57.5% and 57.5%, respectively. Serum nitric oxide level was significantly correlated with performance IQ (P=0.022), but not with verbal IQ (P=0.359) or full scale IQ (P=0.164). There were also no significant correlations between serum ferritin level and full scale, verbal, or performance IQ (P=0.377, 0.460, and 0.822, respectively).Conclusion Lower serum nitric oxide level is significantly correlated to lower cognitive function, specifically in the performance IQ category. However, serum ferritin level has no clear correlation with cognitive function.

The Nutrition Support Team Duna Penn
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 37 No 1-2 (1997): January - February 1997
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi37.1-2.1997.1-5

The development of nutrition support teams in the United States was stimulated in the 1970's and 80â€™s by reports concerning the prevalence and consequences of malnutrition among hospitalized patients. Butterworth's provocative paper, "The skeleton in the hospital closet"1 was followed by several nutrition surveys of relatively large numbers of in-hospital patients that documented abnormal anthropometric and laboratory measurements indicating suspected malnutrition in 44-58% of adult medical'11 and surgical patients. '1 Up to a third of non-neonatal pediatric patients were found to have evidence of malnutrition in 2 major studies."'7 This malnutrition was associated with longer hospital stays, increased morbidity and mortality.2â€œ9 Of particular significance was the reported deterioration of nutritional status with prolonged (> 14 days) hospital stay. In one study," nutritional parameters worsened in over 75% of patients who had been admitted with normal values. While it was clear that malnutrition was in part due to underlying disease, it was also clear that it was in part iatrogenic (Table 1).

Body mass index and age of menarche in young girls Dina Olivia; Melda Deliana; Supriatmo Supriatmo; Hakimi Hakimi; Siska Mayasari Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 52 No 6 (2012): November 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Currently the age at onset of menarche is earlierthan in the past. Nutritional status has an important role inthe onset of menarche. Past studies have shO\vn an associationbetween body mass index (BMI) in young girls and earlier onsetof menarche.Objective To assess an association between BMI and age at onsetof menarche.Methods This crossô€ˆsectional study was conducted in younggirls aged 10 to 15 years from Immanuel Elementary and JuniorHigh School, Medan in June 2010. We used purposive samplingto recruit subjects. After subjects underwent height and weightmeasurements, we calculated their BMIs. The association betweenBMI and initial age of menarche was assessed by Chi square test(P<O.05 v.ith a 95% confidence interval).Results Eightyô€ˆfive subjects participated in this study. There were44 subjects in the 5thô€€Š85th percentile ofBMI (nonnoweight), 19subjects with 85thô€€Š95th percentile of BMI (overweight) and 12subjects in the> 95th percentile ofBMI (obese). All obese subjectshad an earlier onset of menarche at ages 1Oô€ˆ 11 years, comparedto that of nonô€ˆobese subjects (P=O.OOOl).Conclusion Young girls v.ith BMI > 95th percentile had anearlier age at onset of menarche than young girls v.ith lower BMls.[Paediatr lndanes. 2012,52:309-12].

Reticulocyte hemoglobin content as a predictor of iron deficiency anemia Ni Made Rini Suari; Ketut Ariawati; Nyoman Adiputra
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 55 No 3 (2015): May 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common form of anemia in developing countries, such as Indonesia. Iron deficiency anemia in children is a serious problem because it affects their growth and development. Early detection of IDA and subsequent treatment in childhood may prevent future health problems.Objective To assess the use of reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) to detect IDA in children aged 6-60 months.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study to measure the sensitivity and specificity of CHr compared to serum ferritin which is considered to be the gold standard for IDA diagnosis. The study was conducted from September 2011 to March 2013 in children aged 6-60 months who visited the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic, Sanglah Hospital, and Puskesmas II in West Denpasar. Data analysis was performed by 2x2 table. The results were assessed by area under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC).Results Of 121 children underwent blood testing during the study period, 69 children were excluded because they did not have hypochromic microcytic anemia, leaving 52 subjects eligible for the study. The prevalence of IDA in this study was 31%. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) â‰¤ 23.1 pg had 88% (95%CI 71 to 100%) sensitivity and 25% (95%CI 11 to 39%) specificity.Conclusion Reticulocyte hemoglobin content < 23.1 pg may be a good predictor of IDA.

Reducing dyspeptic symptoms in children: proton pump inhibitor vs. H2 receptor antagonist Tien Budi Febriani; Titis Widowati; Mohammad Juffrie
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 4 (2014): July 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Dyspepsia is known as a leading cause of uppergastrointestinal tract morbidity. If left untreated, dyspepsia maybecome chronic. Dyspeptic symptoms manifest as epigastricpain, heartburn, nausea, hematemesis, or melena. Experimentalstudies have shown that omeprazole is more effective at reducingheartburn than ranitidine in adults. However, there have beenfew studies comparing the effects of proton pump inhibitorsto Hz receptor antagonists for reducing dyspeptic symptoms inchildren.Objective To compare the effect of omeprazole with ranitidinefor reducing dyspeptic symptoms .Methods We performed a double-blind randomized controlledtrial (RCT) at Sardjito Hospital and three community h ealthcenters in the Sleman District from June to November 2012.We recruited children aged 3-18 years with dyspepsia. Subjectswere allocated into two groups using block randomization:the proton pump inhibitor (omeprazole) and the Hz receptorantagonist (ranitidine) groups. According to the groups, eitheromeprazole (0.4-0 .8 mg/kg/dose) or ranitidine (2-4 mg/kg/dose) ,respectively, were taken twice daily for 5 days. Dyspepsia wasclinically diagnosed using the new Rome III criteria. Both groupswere monitored for 5 days to assess for a reduction of dyspepticsymptoms.Results Significantly more subjects in the omeprazole grouprecovered from dyspeptic symptoms than in the ranitidine group(RR= 4.87; 95%CI 1.5 to 15.3; P=0.005).Conclusion Omeprazole was 4.87 (95% CI 1.5 to 15.3) timesbetter than ranitidine in reducing dyspeptic symptoms on childrenaged 3-18 years with dyspepsia.

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