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Paediatrica Indonesiana
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,118 Documents
Visfatin levels in non-obese, obese, and insulin resistant adolescents Indra Ihsan; Eka Agustia Rini; Rismawati Yaswir
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 5 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (227.268 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.5.2016.291-6

Abstract

Background Adipose tissue is not merely a site for energy storage, but is also the largest endocrine organ, secreting various adipocytokines. Plasma visfatin, an adipocytokine predominantly secreted from visceral adipose tissue, has insulin-mimetic effects, and has been closely linked to insulin resistance.Objective To compare plasma visfatin levels between obese and non-obese adolescents, as well as between obese adolecents with and without insulin resistance.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in students who attended three senior high schools in Padang. Subjects comprised 28 obese and 28 non-obese adolescents. The age of the subjects ranged from 14-18 years. Obesity criteria were based on body mass index (BMI) measurements. Fasting serum glucose level was measured by glucose hexokinase photometry and serum insulin was measured by chemiluminesence immunoassay. Plasma visfatin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The insulin resistance index was estimated from fasting serum insulin and glucose levels using the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Differences in the variables were tested using independent T-test and Mann-Whitney test, depending on the distribution of the variables.Results The mean plasma visfatin level was significantly higher in the obese than in the control group [2.55 (SD 1.54) vs. 1.61 (SD 0.64) ng/mL, respectively; (P=0.005)]. The insulin resistant group had significantly higher mean plasma visfatin level than the non-resistant group [3.61 (SD 1.59) vs. 1.96 (SD 1.18) ng/mL, respectively; (P=0.004)].Conclusion Obese adolescents with insulin resistance have signifcantly higher plasma visfatin levels compared to those without insulin resistance.
Red cell distribution width and mortality in pediatric sepsis Trina Devina; Munar Lubis; Erna Mutiara; Gema Nazri Yanni; Rina Amalia C. Saragih; Yunnie Trisnawati; Aridamuriany Dwiputri Lubis; Putri Amelia
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 6 (2016): November 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (205.331 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.6.2016.320-4

Abstract

Background Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a hematological parameter routinely obtained as part of the complete blood count. Recently, RDW has emerged as a potential independent predictor of clinical outcomes in adults with sepsis. However, RDW as a mortality predictor in pediatric populations has not been well established.Objective To determine the relationship between RDW value and mortality outcomes in pediatric sepsis patients.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 40 consecutive pediatric patients with sepsis admitted to the PICU from December 2013 to March 2014. All patients’ RDW were collected within 24 hours of sepsis diagnosis. We determined the association between RDW and hemoglobin (Hb) using Spearman’s correlation. The RDW values of 11.5-14.5% were considered to be normal while those > 14.5% were considered to be elevated. We compared mortality and PICU length of stay (LoS) between the normal and elevated RDW groups using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests.Results The median age of patients was 34 months (range 2 months to 17 years). There were 28 (70%) male subjects. Subjects’ median RDW was 14.8% (range 11.2-27.8%) and was not correlated with Hb (r=0.056; P=0.73). Mortality rates in the normal and elevated RDW groups were 40% and 45%, respectively. There were no significant associations between RDW group and mortality (P=0.749) or PICU LoS (P=0.350).Conclusion Unlike in adults, RDW values are not correlated with mortality in pediatric sepsis patients. 
Delayed diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism in an adolescent results in avoidable complications: a case report Indra Ihsan; Eka Agustia Rini
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 2 (2017): March 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (951.083 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi57.2.2017.108-16

Abstract

Delayed diagnosis of congenital hyporhyroidism (CH) remains a serious problem. A retrospective analysis of 1,000 CH cases in Turkey found a mean age of 49 months at the time of clinical diagnosis. Only 3.1% of cases were diagnosed during the neonatal period and 55.4% were diagnosed after 2 years of age.1 In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 53% cases were diagnosed at 1-5 years, 3.3% at 6-12 years, and 6.7% after 12 years of age, while the remainder were diagnosed at < 1 year of age.2 The majority of affected children exhibit signs and symptoms that are highly non-specific, as most infants with CH are asymptomatic at birth, and only 5% of cases can be diagnosed based on clinical examination during the first day of life.3 The other factors that contribute to delayed diagnosis are uneducated parents, who do not notice or dismiss the importance of mild/moderate deviations in physical and mental growth, as well as constipation, feeding difficulties, or other vague, non-specific symptoms in infancy. Parents are often unaware of the importance of early diagnosis and commencement of therapy for CH.4
Correlation of blood lead level and intelligence quotient in children Lilian Gunawan; Nurhayati Masloman
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 3 (2014): May 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (123.089 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi54.3.2014.127-31

Abstract

Background Lead poisoning is a source of health problems inhumans. A chronic complication oflead poisoning in children ispermanent intellectual impairment.Objective To assess for a correlation of blood lead levels andintelligence quotient (IQ) in children.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in children aged6 to 8 years in th e Talawaan (a rural area) and Wenang (an urbanarea) Distticts, North Sulawesi, from April to July 2012. Blood leadlevels were measured using the graphite furnace atomic absorptionspectrometry technique; and intelligence was meas ured with theWechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Indonesian version.Results There were 50 subjects from the Talawaan District and 54subjects from the Wenang Disttict in this study. The mean bloodlead level in the Talawaan District subjects was significantly higherthan that of the Wenang Disttict subjects [25.8 (SD 16.98) μgidLvs 11.4 (SD 13.81) μgidL, respectively; (P<0.001)]. There was aweak negative correlation between blood lead level and IQ in theTalawaan Disttict children (P= 0.038; r= -0.3). As such, there wasa 0.05 IQ point decrement associated with each increase of 1 μ gidLin blood lead level in Talawaan District children. However, therewas no correlation between blood lead level and IQ in the WenangDisttict children (P=0.42; r =0.03).Conclusion There is a weak negative correlation between bloodlead level and IQ in children living in a rural area, howevei; thiscorrelation is not found in children living in an urban area.
Waist circumference and insulin levels in obese children Vina Paramitha Cempaka; I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 4 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (216.399 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi57.4.2017.194-7

Abstract

Background Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Its prevalence has increased at an alarming rate. Overweight and obese children are prone to obesity in adulthood and to developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes and cardiovascular diseases at a younger age. Increased waist circumference has been shown to contribute to the risk of metabolic syndrome in obese adults.Objective To assess for a correlation between waist circumference and insulin level in obese children.Methods In this cross-sectional study, obese children aged 6-10 years were included by consecutive sampling. We excluded children with infectious disease, malignancy, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or those who had not fasted before the blood draw. Subjects underwent waist circumference and fasting blood glucose measurements. Serum insulin levels were examined by enzyme-labeled chemiluminescent immunometric assay,after subjects had fasted for 10-14 hours. Data were analyzed by correlation analysis.Results Subjects had a mean waist circumference of 80.2 cm (SD 7.2) and mean insulin level of 10.70 (SD 7.5). µIU/mL Pearson’s correlation test revealed a significant, moderately positive correlation between waist circumference and elevated insulin level (r=0.45; P=0.006).Conclusion Waist circumference and insulin level have a significant, moderate, positive correlation in obese children. As such, waist circumference may be a simple method for early detection of hyperinsulinemia, as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome.
Correlation of heart failure severity and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level in children Yasmien Mahrani; Ria Nova; Masagus Irsan Saleh; Kemas Yakub Rahadianto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 6 (2016): November 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (281.152 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.6.2016.315-9

Abstract

Background  Heart failure affects morbidity and mortality in children with heart disease. There is no single, specific test to diagnose heart failure. The modified Ross Reithmann scoring system has been used to classify heart failure severity, but it is limited due to its subjectivity. The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is secreted by the ventricles during heart failure. It has been suggested as a possible marker for diagnosing heart failure.Objective To investigate the correlation between heart failure severity and plasma NT-proBNP concentration in children aged one month to 14 years.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in the Pediatrics Department of Mohammad Hoesin Hospital from July to September 2015 on children with congestive heart failure, aged one month to 14 years. Heart failure severity was assesed using the modified Ross Reithmann scoring system. Plasma NT-proBNP measurements were done in all subjects. Statistical analysis was done by Spearman’s test.Results  Subjects’ median plasma NT-proBNP concentration was 1,703 pg/mL (range 310-9,000 pg/mL). The NT-proBNP level and severity of heart failure had a significant, positive correlation (r=0.87; P<0.001). The NT-proBNP minimum levels in subjects with mild, moderate and severe heart failure were 310 pg/mL, 1,251 pg/mL, and 2,610 pg/mL, respectively.Conclusion Plasma NT-proBNP level has a significant, positive correlation with the severity of heart failure in children. As such, NT-proBNP level may be useful as a biochemical marker for the diagnosis and grading of the severity of heart failure in children.
Cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis after six months of age Surya Jayanti Kadek; Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut; Karyana Putu Gede
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 6 (2016): November 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (92.672 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.6.2016.325-9

Abstract

Background About 60% of individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) develop their first manifestation during infancy. Cow’s milk (CM) exposure is considered to be a risk factor for AD.Objective To evaluate for an association between cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis in infants > 6 months of age.  Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of subjects from a previous study and new subjects recruited in order to meet the minimum required number of subjects. Our study population comprised 120 infants, born between 1 February and 30 November, 2012 in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Subjects were divided into CM and non-CM groups and analyzed for their risk of AD. Subjects were included to CM group if they were fed with cow’s milk/formula  and included to non-CM group if they were breastfeed exclusively in the first six months of life. Other possible risk factors were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results One hundred twenty subjects were enrolled and analyzed (59 in the CM and 61 in the non-CM groups). The prevalence of AD was 30%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between CM exposure and AD, with odds ratio (OR) 2.37 (95%CI 1.036 to 5.420; P=0.04). In addition, maternal diet including eggs and/or cow’s milk during the breastfeeding period was significantly associated with AD in infants (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.073 to 9.427; P=0.04).Conclusion Cow’s milk exposure is significantly associated with atopic dermatitis in infants  > six months of age. 
Toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin G in paired infant-and-mother sera Ayling Sanjaya; Nurhayati Masloman; Rocky Wilar; Josef Tuda
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 49 No 2 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (103.829 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi49.2.2009.65-8

Abstract

Background  Toxoplasmosis  is  a worldwide zoonotic diseasecaused  by  Toxoplasma  gondii.  Congenital toxoplasmosis (CT)is  the  result  of  vertical transmission  during  pregnancy  thatmay cause pathologic effects  on  the newborn such  as  classicaltriad  of  congenital toxoplasmosis.  Newborn  humans  are  notimmunologically  competent  and the infant must be protected  by passive lgG antibodies  that  are selectively transported across the placenta during development.  We  studied the transfer  of  passive lgG from the  mother  to developing infant using blood specimen taken from the infant within one  month  of  birth.Objective  To  determine the seropositivity  of  lgG to  T.  gondii  in paired sera  of  infants and mothers.Methods  A cross sectional study was carried  out  on  50 pairedsera  of  infants  of  less  than  one  month  of  age and their mothers. The  study was carried  out  between November 2007 and January 2008  at  Prof.  R.  D.  Kandou Hospital in Manado.  T.  gondii  lgG was detected using the Latex Agglutination method.  The  seropositivity ofT.  gondii  lgG was analyzed descriptively.Results  A total  of  28 mothers from 50 infant-mother pairs wereseropositive for  T.  gondii  IgG.  Of  the 28 seropositive mothers, 22  of their paired infants were seropositive.  The  remaining six seropositive mothers  had  infants  that  were  not  seropositive for T.  gondii.Conclusions  The  identification  of  seropositive lgG for  T.  gondii in infants less  than  one  months  age indicates  that  the lgGs in infants are mostly derived from their mothers.  CT  must be considered  and  further  examinations  are needed.
Plasma prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time as predictors of bleeding manifestations during dengue hemorrhagic fever I. N. Budastra; B. N. P. Arhana; IB. Mudita
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 49 No 2 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (114.652 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi49.2.2009.69-74

Abstract

Background  Massive bleeding and shock are complications  ofdengue  hemorrhagic  fever (DHF)  that  are associated withhigh mortality. Impaired hemostasis, especially coagulopathy,contributes  to  bleeding manifestations in DHF. Parameters suchas  activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)  and  plasmaprothrombin  time (PPT) indicate  the  impact  of  coagulationsystem.Objective  To  determine the relationship between  APTT  and PPTlevels with bleeding manifestations in  DHF  patients.Methods  A prospective  cohort  study was applied to subjectsdiagnosed with  DHF  at  the  Infection  and  Tropical DiseasesDivision, Department  of  Child Health, Medical School, UdayanaUniversity, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia. Laboratorytests  to  determine  APTT  and  PPT  were carried  out  on  thethird, fourth,  and  fifth day after  the  onset  of  fever. Bleedingmanifestations were examined in patients during their hospitalstay. Univariate  and  Cox regression analyses were performedto examine relationship between  APTT  and  PPT  values withbleeding manifestations in  DHF  patients.Results  Forty-three children were enrolled in this study.  Therewas a significant relationship between increases in  APTT  valuewith bleeding manifestations in  DHF  patients [RR 2.79 (95%CI1.68 to 4.69), P <0.01]. Cox regression analysis showed  that  onlyincreased  APTT  values correlated with bleeding manifestations[RR 2.05 (95%CI 1.92 to 3.90), P  =  0.02].Conclusion  APTT  values may be used  as  a predictor for bleedingmanifestations  in  DHF.
The accuracy of determining newborn’s maturity between New Ballard’s score, Ballard’s score, and first day of last menstrual period Ferdy Limawal; Djauhariah A. Madjid; Dasril Daud
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 48 No 2 (2008): March 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (477 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi48.2.2008.59-63

Abstract

Background Developing country such as Indonesia needs a toolto assess gestational age which is simple, practical, cheap, fast,and accurate. In 1991 the Ballard maturation score was refinedand expanded to achieve greater accuracy and called New Ballardscore.Objective The purpose of this study was to determine thecorrelation between gestational age assessed by New Ballard score,Ballard score, and by the first day of last menstrual period (LMP).Methods A cross sectional study has been carried out in Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Ibnu Sina, Labuang Baji, and St. FatimahHospitals in Makassar, from July 1 st , 2006 until January 31 st , 2007.This study included healthy newborns, aged 15 minutes to 24hours born to mothers who knew with certainty the first day oftheir LMP. Diagnostic test was used to analyze the data.Results There were 248 subjects included in this study. The resultsshowed that there was a strong correlation between gestationalage by LMP and New Ballard score (r=0.97), LMP and Ballardscore (r=0.95), as well as between New Ballard score and Ballardscore (r=0.99). New Ballard score was more accurate and had ahigher association coefficient (k=0.85) than did Ballard score(k=0.82) to LMP in identifying premature baby. The sensitivityof New Ballard score to identify premature baby was 87.7%,specificity 96.3%, positive predictive value 95.2% and negativepredictive value 90.2 %.Conclusions New Ballard score can be used to replace Ballardscore if LMP can not be assessed. Further study needs to be donewith bigger sample, involving other paramedics and unhealthynewborn babies.

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