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INDONESIA
Journal of Government and Civil Society
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang
ISSN : 25497669     EISSN : 2579440X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Social,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
The Journal of Government and Civil Society (JGCS) (p-ISSN 2579-4396, e-ISSN 2579-440X) is an academic journal published by Government Science Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, Indonesia in collaboration with Asosiasi Ilmu Pemerintahan Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah (AIPPTM). Journal of Government and Civil Society (JGCS) published twice in a year. The focus and scope of Journal of Government and Civil Society (JGCS) are about local and regional government, governance, public services, politics, democracy and elections, civil society, and public policy.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 135 Documents
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Collaborative Government in Poverty Reduction Through Learning Forum and Its Impacts for NGOs in Surakarta, Indonesia Saptaningtyas, Haryani; Kartono, Drajat Tri; Arif, Akbarudin; Anantanju, Sapja
Journal of Government and Civil Society Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Government and Civil Society (October)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31000/jgcs.v9i2.14376

Abstract

Synergism between the government and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) through a learning forum in order to apply the policy of Self-Management  III is highly necessary for the alleviation of poverty in the City of Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. However, this policy has impacted the way NGOs operate in the field. The terminology of non-government organizations in Indonesia is analogized with the private sector and is also positioned as one of the third sector development by Helmut K. Anheier (2000). Under the terminology of CSOs, a non-government is recognized as one of the partner institutions of the government. Indonesia President Regulation (Perpres) number 16 of 2018, junto number 12 of 2021 concerning Government Procurement of Goods/Services provides a collaborative model. This paper discusses how policy is implemented at the local level by the Learning Forum. Data analysis was carried out in stages: selecting data, coding data, and compiling meta-descriptive analytics. This paper argues that collaborative government depends on the diverse actors of NGOs and their points of view on government policy. Some NGOs perceive this regulation as a prospectus solution regarding financial issues, while other NGOs think it would impact the independence of the institution. Therefore, regulation also presents a force factor in developing a collaboration between civil society and government in eradicating urban poverty, as well as a new challenge related to repositioning NGOs/CSOs itself.Sinergisme antara pemerintah dan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) melalui kebijakan Swakelola III telah diterapkan  oleh pemerintah melalui Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) Indonesia nomor 16 tahun 2018, junto nomor 12 tahun 2021 tentang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah memberikan model kolaboratif yang berdampak pada internal LSM, meskipun tujuannya adalah untuk mempercepat penanggulangan kemiskinan. Terminologi lembaga swadaya masyarakat di Indonesia dianalogikan dengan sektor swasta dan juga diposisikan sebagai salah satu sektor ketiga pembangunan oleh Helmut K. Anheier (2000). Di bawah terminologi lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM) diakui sebagai mitra pemerintah. Tulisan ini membahas bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah diimplementasikan di tingkat lokal oleh Forum Belajar. Analisis data dilakukan secara bertahap: memilih data, mengkodekan data, dan menyusun analisis meta-deskriptif. Pelaksanaan peraturan ini bergantung pada cara pandang actor LSM. Sebagian actor menganggap peraturan ini menjadi solusi untuk masalah keuangan sebagian LSM, tetapi sebagian LSM yang lain menganggap peraturan ini berdampak pada independensi lembaga. Dengan demikian disatu sis perpres menjadi upaya pendorong kolaborasi pemerintah dan LSM, sekaligus mereposisi LSM itu sendiri.
Religious-Based Women’s Movement Typology in Modern Indonesia: West Java Experiences Bintari, Antik; Widianingsih, Ida; Rahmatunnisa, Mudiyati
Journal of Government and Civil Society Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Government and Civil Society (October)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31000/jgcs.v9i2.14707

Abstract

This article aims to highlight the typology of faith-based women's movements and organizations in the democratic era. This research focuses on religious women's organizations in West Java, including representatives from Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and indigenous beliefs. The purpose of this research is to determine the roles and strategies used by religious-based women's movements and organizations in advocating for civil society interests, particularly in promoting gender equality issues. The research results indicate that religious-based women's organizations or movements overall prioritize and consider religious values in their various actions and organizational decisions when advocating for gender equality issues. In West Java, religious-based women's movements and organizations exhibit various typologies, with some rooted in Islam. Three dominant typologies emerged from the organizations studied: religious-centered, religiously affiliated, and religiously backgrounded. These three typologies provide at least a glimpse of the differences and similarities in the strategies of women's movements and organizations in advocating for gender-responsive public interests, particularly how they collaborate with the government and other stakeholders.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyoroti tipologi gerakan dan organisasi perempuan berbasis agama di era demokrasi. Penelitian ini berfokus pada organisasi perempuan berbasis agama di Jawa Barat, yang meliputi perwakilan dari Islam, Kristen, Katolik, Hindu, Buddha, dan Penghayat.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan peran dan strategi yang digunakan oleh gerakan dan organisasi perempuan berbasis agama dalam memperjuangkan kepentingan masyarakat sipil khususnya dalam memperjuangkan isu-isu kesetaraan gender. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan organisasi atau gerakan perempuan berbasis agama dalam memperjuangkan isu-isu kesetaraan gender tersebut dengan memprioritaskan dan mempertimbangkan nilai-nilai agama dalam berbagai tindakan dan keputusan organisasi. Di Jawa Barat, gerakan dan organisasi perempuan berbasis agama menunjukkan berbagai tipologi, dengan beberapa di antaranya berakar pada Islam. Tiga tipologi dominan muncul dari organisasi yang diteliti, yaitu tipologi berpusat pada agama, tipologi berafiliasi dengan agama, dan tipologi berlatar belakang agama. Ketiga tipologi ini setidaknya memberikan gambaran perbedaan dan persamaan strategi gerakan dan organisasi perempuan dalam memperjuangkan kepentingan publik yang responsive gender, khususnya bagaiamana mereka melakukan kolaborasi dengan pemerintah dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya.
Civil Society, Accountability, and Anti-Corruption: A Critical Examination of CSOs in Uganda Katusiimeh, Mesharch Walto; Bekoreire, Mary Baremirwe
Journal of Government and Civil Society Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Government and Civil Society (October)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31000/jgcs.v9i2.14301

Abstract

Corruption remains a critical global concern that undermines governance, impedes service delivery, and hinders socioeconomic development. Uganda typifies this challenge, grappling with systemic corruption despite the existence of legislative frameworks and institutional reforms. This study evaluates the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in Uganda’s anti-corruption landscape. Employing a qualitative, descriptive research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews and document reviews across Uganda’s four regions. A purposive sample of 58 respondents, including CSO leaders, political and faith-based actors, informed the analysis. Thematic and narrative analyses using AtlasTi revealed that CSOs significantly contribute to advocacy, awareness creation, civic education, and monitoring public programs. However, their impact is constrained by financial instability, internal governance weaknesses, political interference, insecurity, and public apathy. The study advances civil society theory by situating Ugandan CSOs within debates on good governance. By connecting these findings to broader civic participation and governance debates in the Global South, the paper positions Uganda as a comparative case for understanding how civil society actors operate under conditions of constrained civic space. To enhance their effectiveness, the paper recommends diversifying funding, investing in digital tools, strengthening internal accountability, expanding civic education, and advocating for enabling civic space. These recommendations contribute not only to policy practice but also to scholarly debates on participatory governance and democratization in fragile contexts, showing how lessons from Uganda resonate with wider struggles of civil society in Africa and beyond.Korupsi tetap menjadi masalah global yang krusial karena melemahkan tata kelola pemerintahan, menghambat pelayanan publik, dan menghalangi pembangunan sosial ekonomi. Uganda menjadi contoh nyata dari tantangan ini, yang terus bergulat dengan korupsi sistemik meskipun telah memiliki kerangka hukum dan reformasi kelembagaan. Penelitian ini menilai peran organisasi masyarakat sipil (OMS) dalam upaya pemberantasan korupsi di Uganda. Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen di empat wilayah Uganda. Sampel purposif terdiri atas 58 responden, termasuk para pemimpin OMS, tokoh politik, dan tokoh keagamaan, yang memberikan masukan bagi analisis penelitian. Analisis tematik dan naratif menggunakan perangkat lunak AtlasTi menunjukkan bahwa OMS berkontribusi signifikan dalam kegiatan advokasi, peningkatan kesadaran publik, pendidikan kewargaan, dan pemantauan program pemerintah. Namun, dampak mereka masih terhambat oleh ketidakstabilan keuangan, kelemahan tata kelola internal, campur tangan politik, kondisi keamanan yang tidak stabil, serta apatisme masyarakat. Penelitian ini memperkaya teori masyarakat sipil dengan menempatkan OMS Uganda dalam konteks perdebatan tentang tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Dengan mengaitkan temuan ini pada diskursus yang lebih luas mengenai partisipasi warga dan tata kelola di negara-negara Selatan Global, penelitian ini menjadikan Uganda sebagai studi perbandingan untuk memahami bagaimana aktor masyarakat sipil beroperasi dalam kondisi ruang sipil yang terbatas. Untuk meningkatkan efektivitasnya, penelitian ini merekomendasikan diversifikasi sumber pendanaan, investasi dalam teknologi digital, penguatan akuntabilitas internal, perluasan pendidikan kewargaan, serta advokasi bagi terciptanya ruang sipil yang kondusif. Rekomendasi ini tidak hanya berkontribusi pada praktik kebijakan, tetapi juga memperkaya perdebatan akademis mengenai tata kelola partisipatif dan demokratisasi dalam konteks yang rentan menunjukkan bahwa pelajaran dari Uganda memiliki relevansi yang luas dengan perjuangan masyarakat sipil di Afrika dan wilayah lain di dunia.
Deep Learning-Based Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Discourse on the Gaza and Ukraine Conflicts Using Bi-GRU Architecture Nathanael, Garcia Krisnando; Aldyan, Rizal Akbar; Hop, Tran Minh; Sianipar, Imelda Masni Juniaty; Maarif, Dairatul; Quddus, Zayyin Abdul
Journal of Government and Civil Society Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Government and Civil Society (October)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31000/jgcs.v9i2.14288

Abstract

The proliferation of social media has transformed platforms like Twitter into dynamic arenas for expressing public sentiment during geopolitical crises. This study examines global public opinion on the Gaza and Ukraine conflicts by employing a deep learning-based sentiment analysis model utilizing a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU) architecture. A total of 24,177 tweets were collected and pre-processed, followed by sentiment labeling using a hybrid lexical approach that combines VADER and TextBlob. Feature extraction was conducted using the TF-IDF method, and the Bi-GRU model was trained and evaluated using standard performance metrics. The model achieved an accuracy of 88.06% and an average F1-score of 85.07%, demonstrating superior performance in recognizing sentiment, especially for negative expressions. Word cloud analysis further revealed the dominance of emotionally charged terms such as "genocide" and "pray for Gaza," indicating the strong affective orientation of online discourse. The study confirms the efficacy of Bi-GRU in handling informal and contextually complex texts. It highlights the role of social media in articulating collective emotions and shaping public narratives during conflict. These findings offer methodological contributions to the field of natural language processing and practical implications for real-time crisis monitoring, policymaking, and humanitarian communication strategies.Proliferasi media sosial telah mengubah platform seperti Twitter menjadi arena dinamis untuk mengekspresikan sentimen publik selama krisis geopolitik. Studi ini meneliti opini publik global terhadap konflik Gaza dan Ukraina dengan menggunakan model analisis sentimen berbasis pembelajaran mendalam yang memanfaatkan arsitektur Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU). Sebanyak 24.177 tweet dikumpulkan dan diproses terlebih dahulu, kemudian diberi label sentimen menggunakan pendekatan leksikal hibrida yang menggabungkan VADER dan TextBlob. Ekstraksi fitur dilakukan menggunakan metode TF-IDF, dan model Bi-GRU dilatih serta dievaluasi menggunakan metrik kinerja standar. Model ini mencapai akurasi sebesar 88,06% dan rata-rata skor F1 sebesar 85,07%, menunjukkan performa unggul dalam mengenali sentimen, terutama untuk ekspresi negatif. Analisis word cloud lebih lanjut mengungkap dominasi istilah bermuatan emosional seperti “genocide” dan “pray for Gaza,” yang menunjukkan orientasi afektif yang kuat dalam wacana daring. Studi ini menegaskan efektivitas Bi-GRU dalam menangani teks informal dan kontekstual yang kompleks, serta menyoroti peran media sosial dalam mengartikulasikan emosi kolektif dan membentuk narasi publik selama konflik. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi metodologis bagi bidang pemrosesan bahasa alami serta implikasi praktis bagi pemantauan krisis secara waktu nyata, pembuatan kebijakan, dan strategi komunikasi kemanusiaan
Ethical Mechanisms in Preventing Bureaucratic Corruption: A Comparative Study across Indonesian Government Institutions Abdi, Abdi; Parawu, Hafiz Elfiansya; Hartaman, Nursaleh
Journal of Government and Civil Society Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Journal of Government and Civil Society (October)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31000/jgcs.v9i2.14541

Abstract

Bureaucratic corruption in Indonesia remains a serious problem despite the establishment of various oversight institutions since the 1998 Reform era. This article aims to analyze the role of ethical mechanisms in preventing bureaucratic corruption through a comparative study of three main institutions: Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia (ORI), and Inspectorate General (Itjen) within the ministry. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature study methods, analysis of official documents, and utilization of online data from credible sources. The findings show that the implementation of bureaucratic ethics plays a significant role in reducing the potential for corruptive behavior. KPK implements a strict internal code of ethics and manages various integrity strengthening programs such as the Integrity Assessment Survey (SPI) and Integrity Zone (ZI) to instill an anti-corruption culture within the government. ORI focuses on preventing maladministration and enforcing ethical standards in public services, which serves as a bulwark against petty corruption. Meanwhile, Itjen carries out the function of internal supervision and fostering the integrity of the state civil apparatus (ASN), although it faces challenges in terms of independence and limited resources. Comparatively, the three institutions complement each other. KPK has an advantage in terms of national prosecution and coordination, ORI excels in monitoring public service ethics, and Itjen plays a role in early detection of internal bureaucratic irregularities. Ethical mechanisms such as the implementation of a code of ethics, the development of an integrity system, and the implementation of ethics-based supervision have proven effective in improving accountability and preventing bureaucratic corruption.Korupsi birokrasi di Indonesia masih menjadi persoalan serius meskipun berbagai lembaga pengawas telah dibentuk sejak era Reformasi 1998. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran mekanisme etik dalam mencegah korupsi birokrasi melalui studi komparatif terhadap tiga institusi utama: Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK), Ombudsman Republik Indonesia (ORI), dan Inspektorat Jenderal (Itjen) di lingkungan kementerian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur, analisis dokumen resmi, serta pemanfaatan data daring dari sumber yang kredibel. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan etika birokrasi berperan signifikan dalam mengurangi potensi perilaku koruptif. KPK menerapkan kode etik internal yang ketat serta mengelola berbagai program penguatan integritas seperti Survei Penilaian Integritas (SPI) dan Zona Integritas (ZI) guna menanamkan budaya antikorupsi di lingkungan pemerintah. ORI berfokus pada pencegahan maladministrasi dan penegakan standar etika pelayanan publik, yang menjadi benteng terhadap praktik korupsi kecil (petty corruption). Sementara itu, Itjen menjalankan fungsi pengawasan internal dan pembinaan integritas aparatur sipil negara (ASN), meskipun menghadapi tantangan pada aspek independensi dan keterbatasan sumber daya. Secara komparatif, ketiga institusi tersebut saling melengkapi. KPK memiliki keunggulan dalam hal penindakan dan koordinasi nasional, ORI unggul dalam pengawasan etika pelayanan publik, dan Itjen berperan dalam deteksi dini terhadap penyimpangan internal birokrasi. Mekanisme etik seperti penerapan kode etik, pembangunan sistem integritas, dan pelaksanaan pengawasan berbasis etika terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan akuntabilitas dan mencegah korupsi birokrasi.

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