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Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS)

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ISSN : 25274384 EISSN : 25273442 DOI : -

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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) has been published by Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute (CBPI), a biannually published scientific journal, is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that supports all topics in Biology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Histology and Biomedicine in the aspect of molecular and cellular.

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Articles 181 Documents

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The Difference of Bax Protein Expression between Endometrioma and Ovarian Carcinoma Chandran Frinaldo Saragih; Riza Rivany; Mohamad Fauzie Sahil; Fadjrir Fadjrir; Edy Ardiansyah; Muhammad Rizki Yaznil; Munauwarus Sarirah
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Endometriosis is a benign disease that has malignant properties such as genetic polymorphism, loss control of cell proliferation, infiltration, and local spread or to distant places. Several endometriosis studies linking endometrioma/ ovarian endometriosis with an increased risk of ovarian malignancy give rise to a transformation phenomenon of endometriotic cysts into malignancy. Bax is a pro apoptotic protein whose expression decreases in a malignancy. This decrease is related to the poor prognosis of endometrioma and ovarian carcinoma. This study was aimed to identify the expression and the difference of Bax expression between endometrioma and ovarian carcinoma.Materials and Methods: Fifty of paraffin blocks of endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma (serous, mucinous, clear cell, and endometrioid type) were examined by immunohistochemical using Bondmax Full Automatic with specific monoclonal antibody to identify Bax expression. The difference of Bax expression score between endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma was tested by Mann-Whitney test with significant value was set at p<0.05.Results: This study found that mean Bax expression score in endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma was 3.88 and 3.72. No difference of Bax expression between endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma (p>0.05). No difference of Bax expression between the clinical stages and histopathological types of ovarian carcinoma (p>0.05).Conclusion: There are no statistically significant difference in Bax protein expression in ovarian cancer and endometrioma.Keywords: Bax expression, endometrioma, ovarian carcinoma, apoptotic resistance

A Comparison of Osteoblast Cell Proliferation and Osteocalcin Expression in Cuttlefish Bone and Bovine Bone Xenograft Komang Agung Irianto; Ameria Pribadi; Ilham Abdullah Irsyam; Yudhistira Pradnyan Kloping; Oen Sindrawati
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Cuttlefish bone Xenograft, calcium phosphate (CaP)-based biomaterial graft, offers an alternative and has been accepted for osteoconductive and probable osteo-inductive attributes. This study aims to compare the bone healing potential between the bovine-derived (BHA) and cuttlefish bone-derived (CHA).Materials and Methods: The study compared osteoblast cell proliferation of 27 New Zealand rabbits in 2.5 mm bone defect made in the femoral bone. The samples were divided into three groups, which were control, BHA and CHA group. The chemical and physical characteristics of BHA and CHA were determined for the content of hydroxyapatite by FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), then tested by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the porosity. In the end of the second week, histopathologic and immunohistochemistry examinations were performed to evaluate the amount of osteoblast and osteocalcin expression.Results: The FTIR, XRD and SEM analysis showed both BHA and CHA samples were hydroxyapatite according to Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS). The CHA was significantly higher (297.22±19.772) compared to BHA (258.22±30.926) and control (131.67±34.213). Osteocalcin expression in CHA (7.82±2.230) compared to BHA (6.09±3.724) and control (4.07±3.606), was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: CHA group has the highest osteoblast cell proliferation and osteocalcin expression, meaning has a good potential as future source of bone graft.Keywords: cuttlefish bone, bovine, bone graft, osteoblast cell

Antioxidant Effects of Red Fruit Oil on MMP-1 Gene Expression and Malondialdehyde Levels on Skin Exposed to UVB Rays Monita Sugianto; Achadiyani Achadiyani; Gaga Irawan Nugraha
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v3i2.68

Background: Chronic exposure ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Furthermore, ROS will induce the formation of malondialdehyde and increase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression. One strategy against the free radicals effects is by consuming antioxidants. This study aims to analyze the antioxidants effect of red fruit oil (RFO) on MMP-1 expression and malondialdehyde levels due to exposure to UVB rays.Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. The P0 group was not given treatment, the P1 group was only exposed to UVB light, the P2 group was exposed to UVB light and given 0.5 mL/200 g body weight (BW) of RFO, the P3 group was exposed to UVB light and given 1 mL/200 g BW of RFO, and group P4 exposed to UVB rays and given 2 mL/200 g BW of RFO. Experimental animals would be examined for MMP-1 expression and malondialdehyde level. RFO would be identified with β-carotene and tocopherol content.Results: Beta-carotene and tocopherol were detected in RFO. RFO reduced significantly MMP-1 expression (p<0.05) in P2 group (0.73±1.27), P3 group (0.63±0.95), P4 group (9.56±20.97) compared group P1 (48.07±65.58). However, RFO did not reduce malondialdehyde levels (p>0.05).Conclusion: Our research demonstrates RFO containing tocopherol and β-carotene can reduce the MMP-1 expression, but does not affect malondialdehyde levels due to exposure to UVB rays. An effective dose that can reduce malondialdehyde levels and MMP-1 expression is 1 mL/200 g BW.Keywords: red fruit oil, antioxidant, skin, MMP-1 expression, malondialdehyde, UVB rays, photoaging

Drug-Herb Interaction between Metformin and Momordica charantia in Diabetic Mice Asri Dwi Endah Dewi Pramesthi; Mirhansyah Ardana; Niken Indriyanti
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Bitter gourd has various metabolites, such as momordicosides, polypeptide-P, v-insulin, charantin, and vicine that have antidiabetic effect. It has synergistically effect while combined with oral diabetic drugs, such as metformin as glucose lowering agent. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction of bitter gourd fruit juice and metformin as glucose lowering agent in mice.Materials and Methods: Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were treated with bitter gourd fruit juice, metformin, and the combination of those two for 21 days. Glucose level was checked on first and last day of treatment.Results: Furthermore, blood glucose levels measurement showed no significant difference between groups compared with negative control, which was p>0.05. The stomach of groups that treated with metformin and bitter gourd fruit juice histopathologically showed no significant differences.Conclusion: The use of bitter gourd once daily together with metformin is a better choice, while twice daily might induce hypoglycemia and mice death. There is no interaction between them on lowering blood glucose.Keywords: metformin, Momordica charantia, diabetes mellitus

Sugar Palm Fruits (Arenga pinnata) as Potential Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatory Agent Evi Sovia; Dian Anggraeny
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Sugar palm fruit (Arenga pinnata) is used for osteoarthritis empirically. It also has antioxidant activity and showed inhibition to lipoxygenase activity. The study about analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of sugar palm fruit is still limited, this study was initiated to explore analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of sugar palm fruit ethanol extract (SFEE).Materials and Methods: Acetic acid induced writhing was performed for screening analgesic activity, meanwhile antiinflammatory activity was tested against rat paw edema. Acute toxicity and phytochemical screening were also investigated.Results: The results of phytochemical screening revealed that flavonoids, alkaloids and quinones were present in SFEE. SFEE 50 and 100 mg/kg have analgesic effect and show the anti-oedematogenic effect against paw edema induced by carrageenan. SFEE could significantly decrease the neutrophils numbers as compared to the carrageenan-treated group. Neutrophil activation has been shown to contribute to tissue inflammation and damage.Conclusion: SFEE have analgetic and anti-inflammatory activity.Keywords: Arenga pinnata, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, acute toxicity

Antioxidant Activities of Ficus elastica Leaves Ethanol Extract and Its Compounds Chrismis Novalinda Ginting; I Nyoman Ehrich Lister; Ermi Girsang; Dewi Riastawati; Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma; Wahyu Widowati
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v4i1.86

Background: The excessive free radicals condition called oxidative stress can harmful for the body. To prevent and cure it, the antioxidant agents are required. Nowadays, the natural product extracted from plants have been widely used in folk medicine as antioxidant for the treatment of many diseases. Ficus elastica (rubber tree) has some compounds that has several biological activities, i.e., quercitrin, myricitrin, morin, and eleutheroside B. The F. elastica works against the free radicals and can be potential as antioxidant agent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant properties of F. elastica ethanolic extract (FEE), quercitrin, myricitrin, morin, and eleutheroside B.Materials and Methods: The antioxidant activities of FEE and standard compounds were evaluated by free radical-scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities using spectrophotometry method.Results: FEE has the lowest of DPPH scavenging activity (IC50=13.82 µg/mL) than other compounds. In ABTS scavenging activity, FEE has moderate activity with IC50 value 23.29 µg/mL. In FRAP activity, FEE has moderate activity with value 241.58 µM Fe(II)/µg, while in H2O2 scavenging activity, FEE also show moderate activity with IC50=83.97 µg/mL compared to other compounds.Conclusion: In summary, FEE and the pure compounds (quercitrin, myricitrin, morin, and eleutheroside B) have potential as antioxidant agent.Keywords: free radical, morin, myricitrin, quercitrin, rubber tree, scavenging activities

The Effect of Immobilization Stress on Gastric Mucosal Histopathology in White Mice (Mus musculus) Male Swiss Webster Strain Rizki Bunaya; Ilhami Romus; Fajri Marindra Siregar; Desby Juananda
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Immobilization stress is one method of stress induction on experimental animals. It affects the psychology and physical of experimental animals and is the recommended method for assessing changes in histological structure damage. The purpose of research was to analyze the effect of immobilization stress on gastric mucosal in mice.Materials and Methods: This research was experimental with post-test-only control group design. Twenty white mice (Mus musculus) male Swiss Webster strains were used in this study and divided into 4 groups: control, immobilization stress 14 days, immobilization stress 21 days, immobilization stress 28 days. Mice were given immobilization stress using 50 cc syringes for 2 hours every day for 14 days, 21 days and 28 days. Gastric mucosal damage in mice was analyzed under a microscope with of 10 fields of view in each sample. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney test.Results: Gastric mucosal damage score were 0 in control, 1.42±0.265 in 14 days, 1.82±0.265 in 21 days, and 2.54±0.05 in 28 days. There was significant difference between each group (p<0.05), while the greatest damage was found in the 28 days group.Conclusion: These result indicated that immobilization stress caused gastric mucosal damage and the degree of damage is in accordance with duration of stress.Keywords: gastric mucosal, immobilization, stress

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activities of Methanolic and Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Carica papaya Grown in Rwanda Cyuzuzo Callixte; Nsanzimana Jean Baptiste; Heny Arwati
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Nowadays, microbial infections remain as the leading cause of infectious diseases and human death worldwide. The use of plant-derived medicines is currently increasing in the treatment of various diseases. Papaya leaves have proteolytic enzymes and phytoconstituents with antimicrobial properties. Rwandan citizens use papaya leaves to treat hair dandruff, wounds and burns.Materials and Methods: Papaya leaves were collected and allowed to dry under the shed at room temperature for 14 days. The powdered plant materials were soaked separately in clean flask and extracted successively using maceration method with water and methanol. Qualitative phytochemical screening was conducted by using specific standard procedures. Antimicrobial activity assays of all the extracts were performed by agar well diffusion method and determined by measuring the zones of inhibition with transparent scale.Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and phenolic compounds. In this observation, all the extracts exhibit significant inhibitory activity against all test pathogens ranging from 2 mm to 26 mm of diameter. Methanol extracts showed the maximum activity against Candida albicans (inhibition zone: 26±0.11 and activity index: 1.23). Minimum inhibition concentration values ranges between 3.175 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL.Conclusion: The results indicate that Carica papaya leaves could be very potent source of antimicrobial agents and secondary metabolites that can be used by pharmaceutical industries to produce medicines.Keywords: Carica papaya, antimicrobial, agar well diffusion, phytochemical screening, zone of inhibition, activity index

Impaired Function of Regulatory T Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rona Kartika; Heri Wibowo
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Pathogenesis of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is often associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. This kind of inflammation is characterized by an increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β. From an immunological point of view, an inflammatory response is always followed by an anti-inflammatory response as negative feedback to avoid excessive tissue damages. Regulatory T cells are a subset of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells that have the function to maintain peripheral tolerance and suppress immune response. This review would discuss the impaired function of regulatory T cells in type 2 DM. DM is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to a defect of insulin secretion or a combination of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Chronic low-grade inflammation has been known as a key factor in the development of insulin resistance. Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) action through contact and non-contact inhibition could suppress inflammatory response in innate and adaptive immune systems. In type 2 DM, the proportion and function of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell decreases due to the reduced number of Treg cells and the Treg cells depletion contributes to metabolic conditions such as insulin resistance. Moreover, Treg cells are more susceptible to apoptosis, the ability of Treg cells to produce anti-inflammatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and IL-10 decreases, and there is an imbalance between the proportion of Th1/Th17 cells and Treg cells. This inadequate anti-inflammatory response gives rise to the chronic low-grade inflammatory condition in type 2 DM.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammation, regulatory T cell

Curcuma mangga Val. Extract as Antidiabetic Agent in 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Cells Dwiyati Pujimulyani; Wisnu Adi Yulianto; Astuti Setyawati; Rizal Rizal; Rismawati Laila Qodariah; Zakiyatul Khoiriyah; Annisa Arlisyah; Wahyu Widowati
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: With the increase of diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence, natural product emerged as complementary source on the development of new drug for this disease. White saffron (Curcuma mangga Val.) is a widely available plant found in Indonesia which often used traditionally as medicine for various ailment. Unfortunately scientific evidence of its antidiabetic activity has not been described very well. Present study was trying to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of white saffron based on the change of lipid accumulation.Materials and Methods: Cells viability assay was done using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) reagent to determine the safe concentrations of C. mangga Val. extract and its fractions including hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol, water fractions and curcumol for the further assay. The preadipocyte cells (3T3-L1) were grown and differentiated into adipocyte cells using 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), dexamethasone and insulin. The adipocyte cells were treated with C. mangga Val. extract (CME) (the safest fraction at all concentrations) for 24 h. Oil red O staining was used to measure the lipid accumulation in adipocyte cells.Results: The CME was not toxic and able to decrease the lipid droplets of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells.Conclusion: The CME has potential antidiabetic activity due to ability to decrease the lipid droplet without disturbing the viability of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells.Keywords: white saffron, Curcuma mangga Val., antidiabetic

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