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Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS)

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Published by Cell and Biopharmaceutical Institute

ISSN : 25274384 EISSN : 25273442 DOI : -

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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) has been published by Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute (CBPI), a biannually published scientific journal, is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that supports all topics in Biology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Histology and Biomedicine in the aspect of molecular and cellular.

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Articles 174 Documents

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Bioassay of Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (rhG-CSF) for Neutropenia Treatment in Male Sprague Dawley Rats Riyona Desvy Pratiwi; Dian Fitria Agustiyanti; Tri Isyani Tungga Dewi; Nina Herlina; Kartika Sari Dewi; Yuliawati Yuliawati; Aminah Aminah; Asrul Muhamad Fuad
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is a first line therapy for neutropenia. However, it is less affordable for most patients in developing and poor countries. Therefore, biosimilar products are developed to suppress the cost of treatment, namely with rhG-CSF. This study aimed to explore the establishment of an affordable rhG-CSF that has similar potential to induce neutrophils recovery as the positive control.Materials and Methods: The rhG-CSF was expressed as inclusion body in Escherichia coli NiCo21(DE3). The inclusion body was then solubilized, refolded, purified and characterized prior to be used in the bioactivity assay. Cyclophosphamide-induced male Sprague Dawley rats were used as animal model and administered with rhG-CSF. Blood sample was collected at several points of time, before and after rhG-CSF treatments. Complete blood count and peripheral blood smear were conducted to investigate the activity of the rhG-CSF on each blood cells type, particularly neutrophil.Results: Specific activity on neutrophil proliferation was shown after treatments with our rhG-CSF and positive control. Positive control dose 40 mg/kg BW was statistically similar with that of the rhG-CSF dose 80 and 120 mg/kg BW. However, in neutropenic condition, recovery of neutrophil counts could not be achieved within 4 days of treatments. Thus, a longer treatment is needed to observe the activity of the rhG-CSF as an antineutropenia agent.Conclusion: The rhG-CSF has been proven having specific activity on neutrophil proliferation. However, improvement in the rhG-CSF preparation is still needed and longer administration of the rhG-CSF has to be applied in the future study.Keywords: rhG-CSF, biosimilar, neutropenia, Sprague Dawley rats

Body Weight, Cholesterol Changes and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Mice Treated with An Emulsion Product Rich in b-Carotene Bohari Bohari; Fenny Dian Lestari; Anton Rahmadi
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: One of the conditions for releasing standardized herbal medicines is the presence of pre-clinical testing that can be conducted with mice. Emulsion products with the main composition of pumpkin, red palm oil, and dragon fruit have high levels of β-carotene. The purpose of this study was to observe changes in weight, cholesterol, and sub-chronic toxicity from mice treated with emulsion products.Materials and Methods: Mice observed consisted of 6 groups: (1) untreated control (given standard ration); (2) negative control (given standard ration and 2.8% (v/b) egg yolk); (3) positive control (given standard ration and 0.4% (v/b) β-carotene); (4) standard ration, 0.4% (v/b) β-carotene and 2.8% (v/b) egg yolk; (5) given a standard ration and 2% (v/b) emulsion products; and (6) given a standard ration, 2% (v/b) emulsion products and 2.8% (v/b) egg yolk. Observations of sub-chronic toxicity were done by measuring creatinine levels, kidney weight, and visual observation of kidney swelling.Results: The use of β-carotene-rich emulsions does not cause a decrease in the average weight of mice. In general, β-carotene and emulsion can overcome cholesterol increases on the 7th day, but not for the 15th day as a result of standard food intake. The increase in creatinine levels only occurs in mice treated with egg yolk control. The additional treatment of β-carotene and emulsion successfully prevents the increase in creatinine levels.Conclusion: Emulsion products did not cause changes in weight, were able to reduce cholesterol levels in a limited manner and were not toxic to mice.Keywords: cholesterol changes, sub-chronic toxicity, b-carotene, emulsion

The Mechanism of Coronary Artery Calcification in Centrally Obese Non-Diabetic Men: Study on The Interaction of Leptin, Free Leptin Index, Adiponectin, hs-C Reactive Protein, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 and Matrix Gla Protein Antonia Anna Lukito; Syakib Bakri; Peter Kabo; Andi Wijaya
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: The calcium in the artery was thought to be the result of the imbalance or dysregulation of the promoter and inhibitor cytokines influenced by various subclinical and clinical conditions. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between central obesity, as an early subclinical condition, also known as a chronic low grade inflammation condition and coronary artery calcium (CAC) in non-diabetic population including the underlying pathomechanisms of a CAC in the early stage of atherosclerosis.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional pathway analysis study enrolling 60 central obesity non-diabetic men that underwent coronary calcium score scan, anthropometrics and biomarker assays.Results: There was a positive correlation between increasing free leptin index/adiponectin (FLI/A) ratio and CAC (r=0.297; p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between increasing FLI/A ratio and plasma high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (r=0.318; p<0.05). Plasma hs-CRP and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-matrix gla protein (MGP) dysregulation were positively correlated (r=0.221; p<0.05) after adjusted to risk factors including insulin resistance, hypertension, age, and dyslipidemia.Conclusion: The study found that one of the pathways involved in CAC in the centrally obese non-diabetic male is might be due to an increase of free leptin and decrease of adiponectin. The free leptin and adiponection ratio also increased hs-CRP, which partially correlated to the dysregulation of BMP-2 and MGP.Keywords: coronary artery calcification, central obesity, adipokines, bone regulator protein, pathomechanism

Microbiome in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways Nurani Hayati; Caesary Cloudya Panjaitan; Ferry Sandra
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is part of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma which is the ultimate cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer. The alteration of microbial community in the saliva might act as a helpful marker for the prediction, detection and prognosis oral cancer, particularly the transition of cancer precursor lesion. There are three mechanisms of action of oral microbiota in cancer pathogenesis, chronic inflammation of bacterial stimulation, carcinogenesis by cytoskeletal rearrangements, and carcinogenic substances that produced by microorganisms. Changes in the composition of microbiota could therefore have the potential to be used as a significant oral biomarker to predict the pathological transition from oral epithelial precursor lesion to cancer.Keywords: microbiome, oral cancer cellular proliferation, microorganism, oral cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma

Phytoconstituent Analysis and Antibacterial Potential of Epicarp Extracts from Mature Fruits of Persea americana Mill Cyuzuzo Callixte; Dusabimana Jean Damascene; Anwar Ma'aruf; Yoes Prijatna Dachlan; Anggraini Dwi Sensusiati; Ndayisaba Daniel; Eka Nora Vitaloka Aprilia Putri Winthoko
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) has reported the antimicrobial resistance as one among the ten threats to global health in 2019. The development of plant-derived antibiotics is currently considered as a modern medicine’s greatest success. Persea americana is a plant with high medicinal profile which allow its different parts to be used for therapeutic purposes. This study is aimed to determine the antibacterial potential of ethanol and chloroform extracts from epicarp of mature fruits of P. americana Mill against human pathogens.Materials and Methods: The epicarps of avocado were dried in oven and ground into powder using porcelain mortar and pestle. The powdered plant materials were extracted with both 96% ethanol and chloroform. Extracts were qualitatively screened to examine their bioactive contents and agar well diffusion method was used to analyze the antibacterial activity of extracts against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Results: Both solvents showed the ability to dissolve the secondary metabolites from avocado epicarps. Phytochemical screening disclosed the presence of alkaloids, proteins, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and phenolic compounds in ethanolic extracts and absence of flavonoids and tannins in chloroform extracts. The extracts showed the inhibition zones ranging from 14±4.5 mm to 26±2.1 mm while streptomycin demonstrated high inhibition zones ranging from 20±3.1 mm to 30 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of extracts ranges from 0.3125 mg/mL to 20 mg/mL while the MIC values for streptomycin vary from 0.25 mg/mL to 1.25 mg/mL.Conclusion: The ethanol and chloroform extracts proved to be potentially effective as natural alternative preventives to fight against various disease-causing bacteria.Keywords: antibacterial activity, ethanol extract, chloroform extract, Persea americana, Rwanda

Density of Dermatophagoides spp. and Its Relationship with House-dust Mite Specific Serum IgE in Persistent Asthma Annisa Mulia Anasis; Anna Rozaliyani; Heri Wibowo
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the bronchial tree that emerges as a response to exogenous factors, such as allergens, irritants, and infections. Some asthmatic patients had been reported having symptoms of asthma due to house-dust mites (HDM) allergen exposure. It is associated with immune responses which were increased in the form of specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) production against HDM allergens. This case-control study aimed to determine the HDM profiles in persistent asthmatic patients, including density of mites, as well as its relationship with specific IgE anti-HDM serum levels.Materials and Methods: A total of 13 patients with persistent asthma and 12 control patients had their specific anti-HDM IgE levels examined using Immulite 2000 xpi. The house dust samples were taken and analyzed with the Fain method.Results: The results have shown that 69% of patients in the persistent asthma group and 25% of normal patients were positive for IgE anti-HDM. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is a predominant species with a total of 120 mites (83.9%) of 143 mites. Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between IgE anti-HDM levels within the serums of patients and the density of mites in the dust obtained from bedroom spaces (Spearmen Rho, R=0.35, p=0.04).Conclusion: Positive IgE anti-HDM patients in the persistent asthma group were higher (69%) than those in the clinically normal group (25%). The density of mites were dominated by D. Pteronyssinus. The bedroom-dust mites density revealed a positive correlation with serum IgE anti-HDM levels in persistent asthma patients.Keywords: asthma, density, Dermatophagoides spp.,IgE

Comparison of Antiaging and Antioxidant Activities of Protocatechuic and Ferulic Acids Ermi Girsang; I Nyoman Ehrich Lister; Chrismis Novalinda Ginting; Maulidwina Bethasari; Annisa Amalia; Wahyu Widowati
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Skin-aging is a progressive changes in the skin combine with cumulative extrinsic factors which are mostly caused by free radicals caused by exposure to lots of free radicals molecules from pollutant, wrongly food intake, or too much sun bathing. These free radicals can be tackled by a treatment using antioxidants. Prevention of aging can be done by escalating antioxidant intake. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) and Ferulic acid (FA) have been known for their scavenging properties on free radicals and antiaging activity. Antioxidant and antiaging activity of both compounds have not been compared comprehensively before. Hence, current study was conducted to compare the potential of PCA and FA for their antioxidant and antiaging activities using various methods.Materials and Methods: Antioxidant analysis of PCA and FA was conducted using H2O2 scavenging assay, 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Meanwhile, antiaging activities of PCA and FA were examined using inhibitory activities of tyrosinase, collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase and tyrosinase.Results: IC50 of scavenging activity of ABTS were 125.18 µg/mL (PCA) and 35.55 µg/mL (FA), inhibition activity of collagenase were 126.16 µg/mL (PCA) and 52.85 µg/mL (FA) and inhibition activity of tyrosinase were 246.42 µg/mL (PCA), 253.58 µg/mL (FA).Conclusion: In conclusion, FA has better ABTS scavenging and collagenase inhibition activities compared to PCA. Meanwhile, PCA has better activity of tyrosinase inhibition than FA.Keywords: antioxidant, antiaging, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid

Isolation, Characterization, Proliferation and Differentiation of Synovial Membrane-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (SM-MSCs) from Osteoarthritis Patients Marlina Marlina; Rizki Rahmadian; Armenia Armenia; Wahyu Widowati; Rizal Rizal; Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma; Satrio Haryo Benowo Wibowo; Wahyu Setia Widodo; Ika Adhani Sholihah
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v4i2.100

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the cells which have high renewal capacity and and are capable for differentiating into some types of cells. MSCs can be obtained from several tissues including bone marrow, synovial membrane, blood, adipose tissue and periosteum. The proliferation and self-repair ability of MSCs are the advantages to use as stem cells-based therapy of various diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the differentiation, characterization and proliferation of synovial membrane-derived MSCs (SM-MSCs).Materials and Methods: The cells proliferation capacity was determined by cell counting using trypan blue, characterization of MSCs (cluster of differentiation (CD)90, CD11b, CD73, CD34, CD19, CD45, CD105 and human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR)) using flow cytometry analysis, and differentiation capability into three lineage cells was determined with red alcian blue, oil red O and alizarin staining.Results: The type culture of SM-MSCs was adherent and showed positive CD44, CD105, CD73, CD90 and negative of CD19, HLA-DR, CD11b, CD45, CD34 surface marker. Based on the result, SM-MSCs P3 showed differentiation potency into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineage cells. The population doubling time of SM-MSCs has increased from P3 to P8. The population doubling time of SM-MSCs P3 was 1.69 days and SM-MSCs P8 was 3.64 days.Conclusion: The results indicated that SM-MCSCs from osteoarthritis patients are able to differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes and highly express of CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44 and negative for CD34, CD45, CD14, CD19.Keywords: synovial membrane, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteocyte

High Blood Ammonia Levels Associated with Long-term Valproic Acids Therapy in Epileptic Children I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha; I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba; Dyah Kanya Wati; Ida Bagus Subanada
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Background: Valproic acid is an effective drug for controlling seizure in children with epilepsy and it is usually used for treatment as long as two years or more. Blood ammonia level often increased in epileptic children who were treated with long-term valproic acid. The study was conducted to determine the relationship between blood ammonia level with valproic acid therapy in epileptic children.Materials and Methods: This is an observational study with cross-sectional approach. The subjects were 64 children with epilepsy, average age of 6.2 years old. Subjects were 33 boys and 31 girls. Blood ammonia level was examined using enzymatic glutamate dehydrogenase. Subjects were divided into 2 therapeutic groups based on the duration, doses and combination therapy of valproic acid. Subjects were recruited from Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, from May to December 2017. Comparison of blood ammonia level between groups were analyzed using an Independent t-test with significances if the p<0.05.Results: A significant difference of blood ammonia level was found between subjects who were treated with valproic acid less than 2 years and more than 2 years (45.7±16.4 mmol/L vs. 70.9±43.6 mmol/L; p=0.032). However, significant difference was not found between the groups according to the doses and combination therapy (p=0.450 and p=0.647, respectively).Conclusion: Blood ammonia level was significantly higher in epileptic children who used long-term valproic acid, hence it was recommended to check the blood ammonia level routinely.Keywords: ammonia, epilepsy, valproic, children

Association between Malondialdehyde, GSH/GSSG Ratio and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women Innawati Jusup; Lusiana Batubara; Dwi Ngestiningsih; Faizah Fulyani; Devina Afraditya Paveta; Putri Theresia Lemmo Ate Bancin
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v5i1.157

Background: Osteoporosis is one of chronic degenerative diseases especially in postmenopausal women, characterized by a decreased bone mass due to imbalance activity between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Recently, oxidative stress is believed to play an important role in osteoporosis pathogenesis. Oxidative stress is commonly considered as the consequence of an imbalance between pro and antioxidants species, which results in damage in the affected tissue. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is frequently used as a biomarker of oxidative stress in many health problems since MDA is produced at high levels during lipid peroxidation. Meanwhile, glutathione is well known as one of antioxidant which against oxidative stress by preserving its homeostasis in the reduced form of glutathione sulfhydryl (GSH) and the oxidized form of glutathione disulphide (GSSG). This study was aimed to determine the association between MDA, GSH/GSSG ratio and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.Materials and method: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 40 postmenopausal women. MDA and GSH/GSSG ratio were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bone mineral density (BMD) was obtained from secondary data. The statistical analysis was conducted using Spearman rho’s correlation test.Results: Based on the test, we didn’t found significant correlation between MDA and BMD (r=-0.054, p=0.741), but we found significant moderate correlation between GSH/GSSG ratio (r=0.436, p=0.005) and BMD in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: There was no correlation between MDA and BMD in postmenopausal women. However, there was significant moderate correlation between GSH/GSSG ratio and BMD in postmenopausal women.Keywords: MDA, GSH/GSSG ratio, BMD, osteoporosis

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