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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 509 Documents
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PENGARUH SUDUT HELIX PADA TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS HELIX TERHADAP DAYA YANG DIHASILKAN Faruq, Muhammad Zaki Faishol; Nugraha, Nurmuntaha Agung; Indriaputri, Lydia; Karima, Isty; Maulana, Mahendra; Mu'minin, Muhammad Khoirul
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3858

Abstract

Turbin angin merupakan media untuk mengubah energi angin menjadi energi listrik. Turbin Savonius Helix adalah jenis turbin dengan sumbu vertikal yang direkomendasikan karena dapat menangkap angin dari segala arah. Variasi sudut Helix digunakan mengoptimalkan penangkapan energi angin, sedangkan penggunaan material PETG diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan daya tahan turbin. Material PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol) yaitu termoplastik polyester yang merupakan turunan dari jenis plastik PET. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh variasi sudut Helix pada daya yang dihasilkan serta mengetahui daya maksimal oleh turbin Savonius Helix. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian hubungan antara kecepatan angin dan daya listrik pada sudut  Helix 180°, 225°, dan 270°. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil daya minimum sudut Helix 180° sebesar 0,0141 Watt pada kecepatan angin 2,15 m/s dan daya maksimal sebesar 6,22518 Watt pada kecepatan angin 13,3 m/s. Daya minimum sudut Helix 225° sebesar 0,0168 Watt pada kecepatan angin 1,58 m/s dan daya maksimal sebesar 6,1039 Watt pada kecepatan angin 13,14 m/s. Daya minimum sudut Helix 270° sebesar 0,01645 Watt pada kecepatan angin 2,5 m/s dan daya maksimal sebesar 8,56121 Watt pada kecepatan angin 13,3 m/s.
ANALISIS KINERJA SISTEM WATER HEATER BERBASIS AIR CONDITIONER 1 PK PADA PENGUJIAN SKALA LABORATORIUM To, Gunarto; Setiawan, Agus; Julianto, Eko; Iwan, Muhammad
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3865

Abstract

AbstrakPemanas air merupakan kebutuhan penting di sektor rumah tangga dan industri, yang mendorong inovasi menuju solusi hemat energi. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kinerja sistem pemanas air berbasis air conditioner (AC) 1 PK, yang memanfaatkan panas buangan melalui penukar panas helical coil (diameter 25 cm, 10 lilitan, pitch 2 cm). Sistem ini diuji dalam kondisi laboratorium dengan fokus pada laju perpindahan panas (), laju aliran air (), koefisien performansi (COP), dan efisiensi sistem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem berhasil meningkatkan suhu air dari 25,00°C menjadi 47,18°C dalam 135 menit, dengan  sebesar 0,688 kW, COP sebesar 0,905, dan efisiensi 81,42%. Stabilisasi suhu tercapai pada menit ke-120, menunjukkan keandalan termal dan operasional. Konfigurasi helical coil secara efektif mentransfer panas, meskipun terdapat kehilangan panas kecil akibat geometri coil dan disipasi lingkungan. Penelitian ini menyoroti potensi sistem pemanfaatan panas buangan yang terintegrasi dengan unit AC, terutama di wilayah tropis dengan penggunaan AC yang tinggi. Optimalisasi geometri coil, peningkatan isolasi tangki, dan penyesuaian laju aliran air dapat meningkatkan kinerja sistem. Temuan ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan teknologi pemanas air yang berkelanjutan dan hemat energi.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF HOT FLUID FLOW SPEED VARIATIONS ON POTATO CHIPS DRYING CAPACITY USING LPG GAS Karyasa, Tungga Bimadi; Syamsuri, S
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.4169

Abstract

Some of the potato chips circulating in the community contain carbohydrates and have high oil absorption capacity. This slicing or slicing stage affects the level of uniformity of the potatoes during the oven, because during the oven the potato slices that are not uniform will cause case hardening and if they are too thin they will easily burn. Then cool, slice and dry until the water reaches 10%. To find out what percentage of water content is in potatoes so that these potatoes can be consumed properly, this research was carried out. In this research, the following research variations were carried out; the speed of the incoming air flow is 3.8 m/s, 4.2 m/s, and 4.5 m/s. The results of this research are that the greater the speed of hot air, the greater the resulting temperature. After testing for 30 minutes and with variations in air speed of 4.5 m/second, the potato weight was 505 grams. LPG fuel is more efficient than other fuels.
PERBANDINGAN PENGARUH BAHAN BAKAR CPO OFF-GRADE DAN BIODIESEL B35 TERHADAP KEAUSAN PADA POMPA BAHAN BAKAR MESIN DIESEL Buana, Erganata Surya
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3798

Abstract

As time progresses, the use of plant-based alternative fuels is increasing. However, these new alternative fuels can cause various issues in engines, one of which is increased wear on fuel pumps. This study aims to examine the wear rate of fuel pumps in diesel engines using off-grade CPO fuel and compare it to biodiesel B35. Experimental testing was conducted to obtain data on the wear rate of fuel pumps for both types of fuel under identical testing conditions. The parameters measured included the dimensions and mass of the fuel pump components, as well as the temperature of the coolant tank and intake pipe. The results of this study show that the fuel pump components in diesel engines using off-grade CPO experience higher wear rates compared to those using biodiesel B35. This is indicated by dimension measurements showing a difference of 0.24% and mass measurements showing a difference of 0.075%. The higher wear rate is attributed to the higher acid number and sulfur content in off-grade CPO. Additionally, the temperature of the coolant tank and intake pipe in engines using off-grade CPO was also higher compared to those using biodiesel B35, due to the higher oxygen content and the lower cetane number and flash point of off-grade CPO fuel.
Optimasi Performa Kompor Oli Bekas dengan Variasi Jenis Bahan Bakar dan Sistem Preheating Sudarno, Sudarno; Wahyuni, Nurul Sri; Ramatulloh, Arya Eka
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.4106

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that used oil can be used as an alternative fuel, although its efficiency is relatively low with a red to orange flame. To improve performance, design improvements need to be made, namely by preheating the fuel before entering the combustion chamber, selecting the right fuel, and improving the distribution of combustion air. This study aims to find the effect of fuel type on the resulting performance. The study was conducted using analysis and experimental methods. In this study, we continued the investigation related to the effect of fuel type on the resulting performance. The types of fuel used were used cooking oil, used oil, and new oil. The performance measured included efficiency, flame temperature distribution, and exhaust emissions. Based on this study, it was found that the stove with new oil fuel produced the best performance with the highest efficiency value of 56,16%. The highest temperature produced by new oil reached 1094°C, indicating better thermal stability compared to other fuels. In addition, exhaust emission tests showed that new oil produced the highest CO₂ levels (10,0%), the lowest CO (2,24%), and the lowest HC (24,4 ppm), indicating the most perfect combustion. This confirms that the use of new oil in used oil stoves with fuel preheating can increase thermal efficiency, and produce cleaner emissions.
Review Teknologi Inovatif untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Termal dan Mengurangi Dampak Lingkungan pada PLTU Fathurachman, Maman; Rusirawan, Dani
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3988

Abstract

Studi ini mengulas berbagai teknologi inovatif yang dirancang untuk meningkatkan efisiensi termal dan meminimalkan dampak lingkungan pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Teknologi yang dibahas mencakup penggunaan nanofluida dalam sistem tenaga surya terkonsentrasi (CSP), pembangkit superkritis, serta bahan bakar campuran biodiesel dan nanopartikel, yang terbukti meningkatkan efisiensi energi sekaligus mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK). Teknologi co-firing biomassa dan pembakaran canggih seperti Oxy-fuel CFB memungkinkan pengurangan emisi CO₂ melalui pemanfaatan biomassa yang bersifat netral karbon. Selain itu, sistem poligenerasi yang mengintegrasikan pembangkitan listrik, pemanasan, pendinginan, dan desalinasi menunjukkan efisiensi energi yang tinggi dengan emisi yang rendah. Analisis siklus hidup (LCA) memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang keseimbangan antara efisiensi teknis dan dampak lingkungan dari berbagai konfigurasi teknologi. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pendekatan terintegrasi dalam merancang sistem energi yang lebih berkelanjutan untuk PLTU.
Comprehensive Hydrodynamic Analysis of Oscillating Flapping Mechanism for Enhanced Wave Energy Converter Technology Aldi Anggara, Rizki; Julian, James; Wahyuni, Fitri; Purba, Riki Hendra
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3786

Abstract

The comprehensive utilization of renewable energy stands as a national priority within Indonesia's strategic framework aimed at achieving the net zero emissions target by 2060. Indonesia, a nation in which nearly 70% of its territory is comprised of oceans, possesses significant potential in wave energy as a renewable energy source. This sector presents promising opportunities for development and investment. This study focuses on the three-dimensional hydrodynamic study of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) technology based on oscillating flapping through a numerical approach. The findings of the characteristic test demonstrate that the oscillating flapping device exhibits a response characterized by a deviation in the oscillating tilt angle. The direct impact of ocean waves causes the flap to shift from its equilibrium position and continuously move back and forth with a particular frequency. The dynamics working on this device show a correlation between wave input and the response that occurs. The response parameters, including maximum angular deviation, average speed, and torque, have a similar trend to changes in wave period. The influence of ocean wave activity is observed to increase within the low wave period zone up to a designated period threshold. Overall, the oscillating flapping device demonstrates enhanced performance in low wave conditions. The average maximum output power is capable of reaching 1.5 Watts on A1, 3.5 Watts on A2, and 4.5 Watts on A3.
Pengaruh Degree of Availability (DOA) Urea (CO(NH2)2) Sebagai Sumber Nitrogen pada Proses Pack Nitriding terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Sprocket Non Pabrikan Resmi Purwaningrum, Yustiasih; Yudhawan, M. Riza; Rahman, A.
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v13i2.3807

Abstract

The aimed of this experimen is to determine the effect of degree of availability (DOA) variation of urea as a source of nitrogen in the pack nitriding process on the physical and mechanical properties of sprockets that manufactured from non-official motorcycle manufacturer.  The DOA variation used is 0.1 gr/mm2; 0.15 gr/mm2; and 0.2 gr/mm2. The pack nitriding process is carried out using a temperature of 550°C, a holding time of 2.5 hours and a cooling process with water medium. The testing process carried out is chemical composition, wear, hardness, observation of microstructure and corrosion rate. The results of the chemical composition test showed that the nitrogen content of all DOA variations of the nitriding pack increased compared to before the pack nitriding process. The amount of nitrogen from pack nitriding with DOA variation were 0.1336 %  for 0.1 gr/mm2;  0.1938 % to 0.15 gr/mm2; and 0.1996 % for 0.2 gr/mm2. While non-official manufacturer sprockets have a nitrogen content of 0.0004%. The wear value of the nitriding pack is smaller than before the nitriding pack. The lowest wear value was found in the nitriding pack result with a DOA of 0.2 gr/mm2, which was 0.00011 mm3/kg.m. This value shows that the nitriding pack has more wear resistance compared to the initial material which has a value of 0.00059 mm3/kg.m. The pack nitriding process can also increase the hardness value. The hardness value of the sprocket before the nitriding process is 266.67 VHN. The results of pack nitriding showed that the highest hardness value was found in the DOA variation of 0.2 gr/mm2 with a value of 356.18 VHN, followed by DOA 0.15 gr/mm2 with a value of 315.11 VHN and the lowest value was found in DOA 0.1 gr/mm2 with a value of 267.67 VHN. The results of corrosion testing show that all specimens before and after the nitriding process can be categorized as having excellent corrosion resistance.
Pengaruh Tingkat Kekerasan Biomassa Terhadap Kualitas Bio-Oil (TAR) Halim, Nurhalim Halim; Abidin, Asroful Abidin Asroful; Ridho, Muhammad Zainur Ridho Zainur; Mufaridah, Nely Ana Mufarida Ana; Rizal, Nanang Saiful Rizal Saiful; Katsiro, Hamdan Katsiro Hamdan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.4123

Abstract

Dunia secara global memiliki masalah tentang penggunaan energi fosil. Masalah tersebut, memiliki dampak yang cukup besar bagi kehidupan mahluk hidup. Dampak penggunaan energi fosil antara lain krisis energi, pemanasan global, perubahan iklim. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, perlu adanya langkah yang tepat yaitu energi terbarukan. Energi terbarukan memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai pengganti energi fosil. Sumber energi terbarukan yang masih belum tersentuh adalah biomassa. Produk konversi biomassa menjadi energi secara umum adalah arang dan bio-oil. Pada penelitian ini, melakukan eksperimen pembuatan bio-oil dari cangkang, serabut dan daun kelapa. Tetapi, penelitian menekankan pengaruh pada tingkat kekerasan dan uji proksimat biomassa terhadap kualitas bio-oil. Bio-oil hasil proses pirolisis pada suhu 500 oC selama 3 jam dianalisis antara lain rendemen arang, densitas, viskositas, volume dan nilai kalori bio-oil.  Cangkang kelapa memiliki nilai kekerasan tertinggi sebesar 62.5 HD sebelum pirolisis. Dari hasil uji proksimat, cangkang kelapa memiliki nilai kadar air (11,56%), Volatil (63,77 %), Abu (0,96 %) dan karbon terikat (23,69%). Berdasarkan uraian hasil dan pembahasan, ternyata tingkat kekerasan dan kandungan zat pada biomassa memiliki pengaruh terhadap karakteristik bio-oil yang dihasilkan.
ANALISIS KERUSAKAN UNIVERSAL SHAFT DAN SPINDLE SUPPORT STAND ROLLING MILL AKIBAT VIBRASI Yanto, Andri
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3287

Abstract

Reinforcing steel and concrete are components commonly used in construction projects for multi-storey buildings, bridges, houses and so on. Reinforcing steel can be made using a rolling or rolling process. In the rolling process, high vibration often occurs, especially in the finishing mill area which works at a speed of 18-21 m/s with a motor rotation of 1000 – 1300 rpm. Damage occurred to the spindle support, stand and missroll (rolling process failure). The expected RMS value of vibration speed is <20mm/s. This research aims to identify the damage that occurs and reduce or dampen the vibrations that occur. The research results show that after 3 (three) repairs were carried out, the first repair was replacing the Universal Joint Shaft, as well as changing the cross joint type to the SWC type and changing the spline design, the second repair was replacing the liner using Shore A95 polyurethane material, the third repair was replacing the ring. Chock Spindle uses shore A 90 polyurethane material. The RMS value of vibration speed can be reduced to between 19.1 – 26.3 mm/s. The main factor that arises from high vibrations is mechanical looseness due to lack of lubrication in machine parts which rub continuously while the machine is rotating.

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