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Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 23016663     EISSN : 2477250X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
TURBO ISSN (print version) 2301-6663 & ISSN (online version) 2477-250X is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scientific articles from the disciplines of mechanical engineering, which includes the field of study (peer) material, production and manufacturing, construction and energy conversion. Articles published in the journal Mechanical include results of original scientific research (original), and a scientific review article (review). Mechanical journal published by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Muhammadiyah of Metro for publishing two periods a year, in June and December with the number of articles 14-20 per year . Editors receive manuscripts in mechanical engineering from various academics, researchers and industry practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 509 Documents
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RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGADUK ADONAN ROTI Mazwan, Mazwan
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 13, No 2 (2024): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v13i2.3745

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun mesin pengaduk adonan roti vertikal yang efisien dan sesuai untuk produksi skala kecil hingga menengah. Mesin ini dirancang dengan spesifikasi tinggi total 75 cm, bak adonan setinggi 45 cm, diameter 38 cm, dan menggunakan motor listrik berkekuatan 1 HP. Pengujian mesin dilakukan dengan beberapa parameter, seperti kecepatan pengadukan, homogenitas adonan, kapasitas optimal, efisiensi energi, serta kualitas tekstur dan elastisitas adonan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa mesin bekerja optimal pada kecepatan 100 RPM dengan kapasitas maksimal 7 kg adonan, menghasilkan adonan yang merata dan lembut dengan waktu pengadukan 10 menit serta konsumsi energi yang efisien. Selain itu, desain vertikal mesin memudahkan pengoperasian dan tidak memerlukan ruang besar, menjadikannya ideal bagi industri roti kecil. Dengan penerapan pemeliharaan rutin, mesin ini diharapkan dapat berfungsi optimal dalam jangka panjang. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan mesin industri kecil yang ekonomis dan berdaya guna tinggi untuk mendukung industri roti dalam negeri.
Simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics Tunnel Diffuser Turbin Arus Laut Sumbu Vertikal gunawan, hardi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 13, No 2 (2024): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v13i2.3766

Abstract

Pembangkit listrik tenaga arus laut (PLTAL) merupakan salah satu solusi inovatif dalam menghasilkan energi listrik secara berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. Namun, kecepatan arus laut di Indonesia relatif rendah, berkisar antara 0,1 m/s hingga 2,0 m/s serta efisiensi turbin arus laut yang masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan teknologi untuk meningkatkan kecepatan arus laut agar hasilnya lebih efisien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat model desain dan simulasi tunnel diffuser yang mewakili struktur fisik dan komponen kunci pembangkit listrik tenaga arus laut. Simulasi dilakukan pada tunnel diffuser turbin arus laut sumbu vertikal menggunakan perangkat lunak Solidworks Computational Fluid Dynamics, dengan variasi kecepatan arus 0,5 m/s dan 2,0 m/s. Hasil penelitian pada simulasi kecepatan arus laut 0,5 m/s, kecepatan meningkat menjadi 0,9 m/s, sedangkan kecepatan arus laut 2,0 mendapatkan peningkatan kecepatan arus laut menjadi 3,5 m/s.. Dari simulasi desain konstruksi terowongan ini, menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi terowongan yang dirancang pada turbin arus laut sumbu vertikal berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kecepatan arus laut yang masuk, dan membuat aliran yang semula turbulen menjadi aliran laminer setelah memasuki terowongan. Sehingga arus laut yang masuk memutar turbin dapat meningkatkan kinerja turbin.
ANALISIS GEOMETRI PADA HIERARCHICAL SUTURE JOINT YANG TERINSPIRASI DARI DNA RUSA Darmawan, Muhammad Wahid
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 13, No 2 (2024): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v13i2.3503

Abstract

Joint umumnya digunakan pada struktur rangka bangunan dan jembatan, pengencang pada struktur memiliki kekuatan dan ketahanan yang berbeda berdasarkan berbagai faktor seperti geometri joint dan sifat mekanik material. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengeksplorasi potensi joint dengan menggunakan hierarchical suture dari tengkorak rusa. Berbagai metode digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan joint seperti faktor geometrik dan sifat mekanik material agar dapat menahan beban-beban yang dikenakan pada struktur, geometri tulang dari jahitan tengkorak yang menyerupai bentuk segitiga inilah yang menjadi sumber inspirasi desain dalam struktur khususnya joint. Analisis desain dilakukan menggunakan simulasi ANSYS dengan variasi berupa ordo 1 dan ordo 2 serta variasi sudut 30◦, 45◦, dan 60◦ guna mencari desain joint yang optimal dalam menahan deformasi tegangan dan regangan. Hasil simulasi yang memberikan desain terbaik dalam menahan deformasi, tegangan, dan regangan yaitu desain dengan ordo 1 sudut 60◦ dan desain dengan ordo 2 sudut 60◦. Jumlah ordo akan mempengaruhi sifat mekanik dan menambah kekuatan joint sedangkan sudut akan mempengaruhi pendistribusian gaya pada joint.Kata kunci: bio-inspired, hierarchical sutures, FEM (Finite Element Methods).
RANCANG BANGUN PENGERING PADI HYBRID SOLAR DRYER DAN PANEL SURYA Pratama, Wisnu; shidqi khaerudini, deni
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 13, No 2 (2024): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v13i2.3762

Abstract

Rice drying in Indonesia generally still uses conventional methods by utilizing the heat of sunlight, but weather changes become a problem in the drying process, so that the rice drying process is hampered. Based on this, the purpose of this study is to develop a hybrid solar dryer and solar panel rice drying system. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a design in the form of a cabinet dryer type drying room with a fairly simple design and installation of equipment. Flow simulations were carried out using Autodesk Simulation software, namely Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD). Three trials were carried out. In trial 1, there was a decrease in humidity of 30%, in trial 2, there was a decrease in humidity of 20% and in trial 3, there was a decrease in humidity of 51% percent. In the third trial, the temperature after drying reached 59.1 ° C, much higher than the first (34.4 ° C) and second (44.9 ° C) trials. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the process of drying rice using a hybrid solar dryer and solar panels with a drying duration of 2-3 hours with a combination of solar energy and solar panels can achieve optimal results. Sufficient time and high temperatures play an important role in reducing humidity. The level of efficiency of drying rice using a hybrid solar dryer and solar panels has been proven to be able to reduce rice humidity significantly, with the highest humidity reduction achieved in the third trial of 51% which shows that this drying system is effective in reducing water content in rice.
ANALISA PENGARUH WAKTU DAN SUHU PADA RUANG BAKAR INCINERATOR MENGGUNAKAN ASTM A36 TERHADAP NILAI KOROSI Nugroho, Eko; Rajabiah, Nurlaila; Pramudya, Yudha
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 13, No 2 (2024): TURBO: Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v13i2.3825

Abstract

Incinerator is a device designed and used for burning non-metal solid waste using certain technology at high temperatures. Corrosion is damage or destruction of materials due to chemical reactions in the surrounding environment. High temperature and usage time in incinerators made from ASTM A36 is one of the factors for corrosion. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of combustion time on corrosion value and the effect of high temperature combustion temperature on corrosion value. The research method carried out is an experimental approach by putting the ASTM A36 steel plate into the oven with the temperature to be used, namely 600 0C, 650 0C, and 700 0C with the heating time to be used for 3 hours, 5 hours, and 7 hours. The corrosion process is carried out by leaving it in the open air for 7 days and after that data collection and calculation of corrosion values are carried out. From the calculation results at a temperature of 600 0C and a heating time of 3 hours, the lowest corrosion value is 0.42020 mm/year and the highest occurs at a temperature of 700 OC and a heating time of 7 hours of 1.77629 mm/year.
Pengaruh Debit Air Dan Sudut Busur Masuk Nosel Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Cross-flow Mafruddin, Mafruddin; Handono, Sulis Dri; Surono, Bambang; Ivoda, Havinza Namza; Cahyono, Adi; Fajri, Muhammad; Rafli, Endhita Fourten; Kuswanto, Agus
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3291

Abstract

Turbin Cross-flow merupakan komponen utama pada PLTA dan berfungsi mengkonversi energi air menjadi energi mekanik. Kinerja turbin dinilai berdasarkan daya dan efisiensi yang dihasilkan turbin. Ada beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja turbin Cross-flow diantaranya yaitu debit air dan sudut busur masuk (profil) nosel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh debit air dan sudut busur masuk nosel terhadap kinerja turbin Cross-Flow. Metode yang digunakan yaitu penelitian eksperimental dengan melakukan perencanaan dan pembuatan serta pengujian turbin Cross-flow menggunakan variasi debit air (60, 80, 100 dan 120 LPM) dan sudut busur masuk nosel (profil A, profil B dan profil C). Spesifikasi turbin Cross-flow yang dibuat dan diuji yaitu diameter luar runner 0.145 m, diameter dalam runner 0.80 m, jumlah sudu 18, tebal nosel 0.03 m dan jari-jari sudu runner  0.047 m serta head efektif yang digunakan saat pengujian 0.8 m. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa variasi debit air dan sudut busur masuk nosel berpengaruh terhadap kinerja turbin Cross-flow. Semakin besar debit air yang digunakan kinerja turbin semakin meningkat. Putaran turbin dan daya serta efisiensi turbin Cross-flow tertinggi diperoleh dengan debit air 120 LPM dan sudut busur masuk nosel Profil A.
Analisis Eksergi Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Biomassa Pabrik Gula PT. X Prayuda, Arief Rahman; Kuncoro, Heru
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pembangkit listrik di pabrik gula pada umumnya menggunakan sistem kogenerasi dalam menghasilkan energi listrik dan panas untuk menjalankan proses industrinya. Ampas tebu atau bagasse merupakan produk sampingan yang dihasilkan dari proses penggilingan tebu yang dapat digunakan kembali sebagai bahan bakar utama pada boiler. Akan tetapi, ampas tebu masih memiliki kandungan air yang cukup tinggi, yaitu sebesar 55% sehingga dapat mempengaruhi efisiensi pembakaran yang dapat berdampak terhadap kinerja keseluruhan pembangkit. Maka dari itu, penelitian analisis eksergi dilakukan guna mengevaluasi kehilangan energi dan mengidentifikasi peluang peningkatan efisiensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi eksergi dan destruksi eksergi pada berbagai komponen utama pembangkit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan perhitungan eksergi fisik dan kimia berdasarkan data operasional pembangkit perusahaan gula PT. X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi eksergi keseluruhan sistem masih tergolong rendah akibat tingginya destruksi eksergi pada boiler yang mencapai 93,89% dari total eksergi yang masuk. Di sisi lain, turbin uap memiliki rata-rata efisiensi eksergi sebesar 73%, sehingga masih terdapat potensi perbaikan dalam sistem ekspansi uap. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, peningkatan kualitas pembakaran, optimasi pemanfaatan panas buang dan operasional, serta perbaikan pada sistem perpindahan panas merupakan beberapa strategi utama yang dapat dilakukan guna mengurangi destruksi eksergi dan meningkatkan efisiensi keseluruhan sistem.
AnalisisEffect of Ethanol–LPG Dual Fuel on Output Voltage Stability of a Four-Stroke Generator Witanto, Yovan; Nuramal, Agus; Pratama, Samuel Yoga; Helmizar, Helmizar; Rosa, Khairul Amri
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3767

Abstract

 This study aims to analyze the effect of load variation on the output voltage of a modified four-stroke generator using a dual-fuel system consisting of ethanol and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Ethanol 96% was used as the primary fuel, while LPG was injected through an ideal mixture screw with the aid of a converter kit, pressure regulator, and flowmeter to control gas flow. The test subject was a modified Yasuka 1500DC gasoline generator. Experiments were conducted using incandescent lamp loads ranging from 200 to 1000 watts, in 200-watt intervals, each applied for 2 minutes at a constant engine speed. The observed parameters included fuel consumption and output voltage. The LPG flow rates tested were 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 liters per minute. The results showed that the ethanol–LPG combination at a flow rate of 0.8 l/min produced the highest and most stable voltage output, remaining above the safe threshold of 198 volts. Compared to pure ethanol or gasoline, the dual-fuel system was more effective in maintaining voltage under high load conditions. This is attributed to LPG’s high calorific value and its ease of mixing with air, which enhances combustion quality. 
Pengujian Metalografi Dan Kekerasan Dalam Penentuan Umur Sisa Screen Tube Superheater Pada Boiler Batu Bara Nurdiasyah, Nurdiansyah; Ratnawati, Ratnawati; Anoi, Yano Hanung; Yuono, Lukito Dwi
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.4312

Abstract

Superheater is one of the main parts of the boiler. One of the problems that often occurs in the superheater screen tube is that the screen bends due to exposure to high temperatures which causes the screen tube to deform. The aging phenomenon (decarburization) will occur over time the tube is operated, affecting the mechanical properties of the tube material, especially its hardness. The research objectives achieved are to determine the actual conditions, feasibility and remaining life of the superheater screen tube experiencing bending. Based on these conditions, it is necessary to conduct testing on the superheater screen tube that has been operating for approximately 11 years (96360 hours) until now. The method used is to conduct direct, macro and micro examinations on the condition of the screen tube that is bending. In situ metallographic testing on each superheater screen tube is carried out to determine the degradation of the high temperature effect during operation. In addition to in situ testing, metallographic testing in the laboratory is used to analyze the microstructure of the tube material during operation. Hardness testing, the chemical composition of the tube material is also carried out as a support in the process of calculating the remaining life using the Larson Miller Parameter (LMP) approach. From the test, the results showed that the condition of the screen tube that was bending was still suitable for use in accordance with the applicable SOP. In terms of microstructure, the superheater screen tube has experienced aging (decarburization) with a decrease in hardness value when compared to the hardness of the normal tube (166 HV). If operated properly, the superheater screen tube that is bending can be operated for up to 2 years and 8 months if the Turn Around (TA) program is not carried out until a replacement tube is available for 2 years and 10 months, still below the temperature (6200 C) or below the design temperature.
Dimensional Consistency Analysis in High Speed 3D Printing Ramadhan, Doni Fajar; Sodiq, Fajar; Saputra, Hendri Maja; Putra, Mohammad Alexin
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 14, No 1 (2025): TURBO : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v14i1.3795

Abstract

3D printing technology has been widely applied in various industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, automotive, aerospace, and others. High 3D printing speeds, such as 1200 mm/s, offer the potential to significantly accelerate the production process. However, increasing this speed also presents challenges related to the quality and dimensional consistency of the printed parts. Therefore, understanding how each parameter interacts and affects the printing results is key to optimizing high-speed 3D printing processes. This research focuses on the dimensional accuracy of 3D printed objects. The method used involves printing 5 cube samples measuring 20mm x 20mm x20 mm with a 10 mm through all hole using Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Highspeed and  Polylactic Acid (PLA) Highspeed materials at a maximum print speed of 1200 mm/s. After the printing process, the dimensions of each sample are carefully measured using a vernier caliper at three different points.  PLA material tends to have a larger deviation than ABS, especially in the circle diameter parameter with a deviation percentage of 5.88%, while ABS is 5.02%. Based on the results overall the deviation of length, width, height, and hole diameter dimensions in both materials is not significant for general applications, but the deviation in hole diameter shows a higher value than other dimensions.

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