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Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 14112027     EISSN : 25415875     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2021.23.2.10
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary
Animal Production is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in association with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia. The journal was established in 1999 and available online since May 4, 2011. Animal Production was initially published twice a year, then three times a year starting in 2005. The journal coverage focused on small scale livestock farming and technologies which includes the recent science development in animal production, including all aspects of nutrition, breeding, reproduction, post-harvest processing and socio-economics. All articles are available online. Full text available in pdf format and can be downloaded for free. Starting Vol 22 No 1 the papers have been and will be published in our new website (http://animalproduction.id), as the continuation of our previous but still active website (http://animalproduction.net).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 606 Documents
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Effects of Different Feeding Frequency of Faba Beans on Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Oaten Hay in the Rumen of Sheep Natsir, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 10, No 1 (2008): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian telah dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh frekeuensi pemberian yang berbeda dari bijian faba terhadap karakteristik degradasi hijauan oat pada rumen ternak domba. Empat ekor ternak domba jantan kastrasi yang telah dilengkapi dengan kanula pada rumen, dengan bobot badan rata-rata 85 ± 5,5 kg, digunakan dalam percobaan ini. Kombinasi (85:15%) antara hijauan oat dan alfalfa digunakan sebagai ransum basal selama studi.  Bijian faba digunakan sebagai pakan suplemen diberikan pada level 0,5% dari bobot hidup.  Penelitian dilaksanakan berdasarkan pola rancangan bujur sangkar latin 4 x 4.  Setiap periode berlangsung selama 20 hari.  Pada masing-masing periode, setiap ternak mendapatkan salah satu dari 4 macam ransum perlakuan, yakni T0 = ransum basal tanpa suplemen, T1= T0 + FB yang diberikan sekali dalam sehari pada pagi hari, T2 = T0 + FB yang pemberiannya dibagi dua dan diberikan pada pagi dan sore hari, dan T3 = T0 + FB yang pemberiannya dibagi atas 8 bagian yang sama dan diberikan setiap tiga jam.  Hasil analisis statistik memperlihatkan bahwa suplementasi dengan bijian faba meningkatkan (P<0,05) kadar NH3 dan VFA rumen.  Rataan kadar NH3 rumen untuk masing-masing perlakuan adalah 162,40; 264,45; 301,75; dan  293.00 mg/l, dan kadar VFA rumen rata-rata untuk setiap perlakuan adalah 65,81; 86.00; 77,63 dan 86.76 mmol/l.  Akan tetapi, perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pH rumen, dengan rataan 6,36; 6,05; 6,15; dan 6,10 untuk masing-masing perlakuan T0, T1, T2, dan T3.  Begitupula, pemberian suplemen bijian faba tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap karakteristik degradasi hijauan oat dalam rumen ternak domba.  Dapat disimpulkan bahwa suplemen bijian faba dapat meningkatkan kadar NH3 dan VFA dalam rumen, tetapi tidak mengubah pH rumen dan karakteristik degradasi rumen dari hijauan oat. (Animal Production 10(1): 60-66 (2008) Kata Kunci: Feeding frequency, faba beans, rumen degradation characteristics, sheep
The Utilization of Chicken Fat as Alternative Raw Material for Biodiesel Synthesis Gugule, S; Fatimah, F; Rampoh, Y
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 13, No 2 (2011): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. A study of biodiesel production of chicken fat through estrification-transesterification reactions has been conducted. The separation of the chicken fat was conducted using heating technique, while the esterification-transesterification was conducted using ethanol reagent with chloride acid and hydroxide kalium catalyses. The identification results were identified chromatographically and spectroscopically and the chemical properties (peroxide number, acid number and saponification number) were determined. The results of the study showed that the ethyl ester resulting from the chicken fat was dominated by ethyl miristic component (1.25%), ethyl palmitic (22.38%), ethyl palmitoleic (3.35%), ethyl stearic (7.56%), ethyl oleic (45.83%), and ethyl linoleic (17.54%). Moreover, the percentage yield of ethyl ester from es-trans reaction of chicken fat was 66-70 %. The ethyl ester had the same characteristic as biodiesel quality standard.Key Words: chicken fat, esterification, transesterification, biodiesel
The Effects of Superovulation Prior to Mating and Zinc Supplementation on Milk Yields in Etawah-Grade Does Adriani, Adriani; Sutama, IK; Sudono, A; Sutardi, T; Manalu, W
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 6, No 2 (2004): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Thirty six Etawah-grade does (BW ranged from 20.4 to 44.2 kg and age ranged from 2.5 to 7 years) were used to study the effects of superovulation prior to mating and zinc supplementation on milk yields. The experimental does were assigned into a randomized block design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. The first factor was PMSG (pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin) injection with 2 levels (0 IU/kg BW [nonsuperovulation–NSO] and 15 IU/kg BW [Superovulation–SO]). The second factor was zinc concentration in the diet with 3 levels (40 mg/kg DM [Z-40], 60 mg/kg DM [Z-60], and 80 mg/kg DM [Z-80]). Intravaginal sponge (60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate) was applied for 14 days to synchronize estrus cycle. Twenty four  hours prior to sponge removal, PMSG was injected  to  stimulate superovulation. After  sponge removal,  5 experimental does  were mixed with 1 buck for natural mating. During  pregnancy  the experimental does were fed and  raised in   individual stables. Udder volume  was measured every other week from weeks 12 to 21 of  pregnancy.  During lactation  (one week to  5 months post partum) kids were separated from the does, and   milk was harvested by hand milking. Milk samples were taken every other week for determination of milk quality. The results  indicated that  superovulation increased udder differential growth  by 80% (822.85 vs 1481.25 cm3/head), milk yield by  32% (567.14 vs 746.52 g/head/day).  Zinc concentration  increased udder differential growth and milk yield. Milk productions for does receiving 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg DM were 565.68, 737.88 and 666.92 g/day, respectively.It was concluded that  superovulation and zinc supplementation  increased milk  yield in Etawah Grade does. (Animal Production 6(2): 86-94 (2004) Key Words:  Superovulation, Zinc, Milk  Yield, Etawah-Grade
Production Systems And Income Generation From The Smallholder Beef Cattle Farming In Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia Widiati, Rini; Widi, Tri Satya Mastuti
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 18, No 1 (2016): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

This study was aimed to determine the production systems of beef cattle which can generate the income of smallholder farmers. The study was conducted in Bantul and Sleman Regencies, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. In total of 210 beef cattle farmers were involved in semi structural interview. Data was collected in the dry season (July to September) of 2015.  Descriptive analysis was carried out for the demographic, social, economic characteristic of respondents and beef cattle farm practices. Enterprise budgeting of beef cattle farms was made to analyse farm profit, return to management and family labour that could be used in further planning for better business management. Beef cattle farming founded as an alternative that can be developed in rural communities. In order to generate the incomes in both systems, breeding and fattening, production system in term of feeding practices has to be improved so that the cost can be reduced. Scientific processing of manure has to be done for value addition in the farming system. Calving interval has to be improved in breeding system, that the best condition is 12 months and the existing condition on the respondents was 16 months. For fattening, optimizing the duration for fattening period less than 3.6 months is the best improvement. Government policy is needed to improve beef farm economic condition especially in breeding farm.
Effects of Thawing on Frozen Semen Quality of Limousin and Brahman Bulls Pratiwi, WC; Affandhy, L; Ratnawati, D
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 11, No 1 (2009): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

The success of Artificial Insemination (AI )influenced by many factor, there are nutrition, body condition and post thawing motility (PTM). The PTM influenced by liquid N2 storage, equilibration temperature and handling straw. The purpose of this research to compare the effect of thawing duration to frozen semen quality of Limousin and Brahman. This research was done in BIBD, Agriculture Official of Blora, Central Java and Laboratory of Beef Cattle Station Research, Grati. As semen source is bull of Limousin and Brahman with age 2-3 years, body weight + 1200 kg. The data was observed such as: (1) pH, (2) Motility, (3) Live sperm, (4) Abnormality. The research use Randomized Complete Design (RCD) one way there are time of thawing 0, 15, 30, 45 minutes with 10 time repetition. The result of this research showed that the highest motility and live sperm (P<0,05) at the treatment with the  duration of thawing 0 minute, there are 41,50% and 66,50% (Limousin frozen semen); 40,00% and 39,58% (Brahman frozen semen).  It was concluded that shortening the time of thawing could be repairing the PTM and S/C value. (Animal Production 11(1): 48-52 (2009) Key Words : semen quality, frozen semen, thawing
Virgin Coconut Oil Increases the Productivity of Broiler Chicken Post Avian Influenza Vaccination Yuniwarti, EYW; Asmara, W; Artama, WT; Tabbu, CR
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 14, No 3 (2012): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. Chicken productivity is not only determined by body weight increase and feed efficiency but also disease resistance. Avian influenza (AI) is still an endemic in Indonesia. Highly mutative characteristic of AI causes unsuccessful vaccination to preventing chicken mortality; therefore, feed modulation alternatives are sought to raise body weight and body immune as well. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) contains fatty acid potential as antimicrobe and antivirus; VCO intake is therefore expected to increase chicken body immune. This research aimed at feed modulation to increase broiler chicken productivity. Forty broiler chicken of one day old (DOC) were used and the research applied Completely Randomized Factorial Design in which factor one was two vaccine levels namely AI-vaccinated chickens and AI-unvaccinated chickens. Factor two used four levels of VCO: 0, 5, 10, 15 mL/kg feed. DOC chickens were divided into eight treatment groups and repeated in five experiment units. Feed and water were given ad libitum. The result demonstrated that in spite of heterophile increase in AI-vaccinated VCO-given chickens, heterophile/lymphocyte ratio and feed intake were not significantly different among all treatment groups. With the highest body weight found in AI-vaccinated chickens given 10ml/kg feed VCO, it could therefore be concluded that VCO intake of 10mL/kg feed could raise body weight.Key words: heterophile, heterophile/lymphocyte ratio, feed intake, body weightAbstrak. Produktivitas ayam tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kenaikan bobot badan dan efisiensi pakan, tetapi juga ketahanan terhadap penyakit. Avian influenza (AI) masih merupakan wabah endemis di Indonesia. Sifat AI yang mudah bermutasi menyebabkan vaksinasi tidak selalu berhasil untuk mencegah kematian ayam, sehingga dicari alternatif modulasi pakan untuk meningkatkan bobot badan dan kekebalan tubuh. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) mengandung potensi asam lemak sebagai antimikroba dan antivirus, sehingga asupan VCO diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh ayam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk modulasi pakan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ayam broiler. Empat puluh ayam broiler umur satu hari  (DOC) digunakan dalam penelitian yang menerapkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan faktor pertama dua level vaksinasi  yaitu ayam divaksin AI dan tidak divaksin AI. Faktor kedua adalah empat level VCO: 0, 5, 10, 15 mL  kg pakan. DOC ayam dibagi menjadi delapan kelompok perlakuan dan diulang dalam lima unit percobaan. Pakan dan air minum diberikan ad libitum. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa meskipun adanya kenaikan heterofil pada ayam yang divaksin AI dan diberi VCO, rasio heterofil/limfosit dan konsumsi pakan tidak berbeda secara signifikan pada semua kelompok perlakuan. Dengan bobot badan tertinggi ditemukan pada ayam yang divaksin AI dan diberi VCO 10 ml/kg pakan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa asupan VCO 10 mL/kg pakan dapat meningkatkan bobot badan. Kata kunci: heterophil, rasio heterophil/limfosit, konsumsi pakan, bobot badan EYW Yuniwartiet al/Animal Production 14(3):192-198, September 2012
Reproductive Performance of Female Local Chicken Breeds under Vitamin E Supplementation Nataamijaya, AG; Arnesto, Arnesto; Jarmani, SN
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 8, No 2 (2006): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Penelitian pendahuluan mengenai kinerja reproduksi ayam betina lokal yang mendapat supplementasi vitamin E per oral telah dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Ternak Bogor. 16 ekor ayam dari tiap jenis ayam lokal berumur 13 bulan ditempatkan dalam kandang individu. Rancangan yang dipergunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola factorial 3x4 dengan 4 ulangan.  Faktor pertama adalah jenis ayam (Kampung, Arab dan Sentul).  4 pejantan dari tiap jenis ayam ditempatkan dalam kandang individu sebagai sumber semen untuk diinseminasikan secara artifisial.  Faktor ke dua adalah level suplementasi vitamin E (O I.U., 2 I.U, 4 I.U dan 8 I.U).  Parameter yang diukur adalah produksi telur (hen-day), bobot telur, fertilitas telur dan bobot d.o.c.  Data  yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analisis Varians dan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test.  Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa jenis ayam mempengaruhi bobot telur secara nyata (P<0,05), bobot telur ayam Arab (43,07 ± 1,06 g) lebih tinggi daripada telur ayam Kampung (40.09 ± 0.53g) dan Sentul (40,77 ± 1,33g).  Fertilitas telur ayam Kampung (75,57 ±2,01%) lebih baik (P<0,01) dari pada telur ayam Arab (58,01 ± 10,50%) dan Sentul (37,26 ± 12,84%).  Suplementasi  vitamin E tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi telur (“hen day production”), bobot telur, fertilitas, daya tetas dan bobot badan anak ayam ( “d.o.c” ). (Animal Production 8(2): 78-82 (2006) Kata Kunci :  Ayam lokal, reproduksi, vitamin E
The Concentration of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Se in Fiber Fractions of Legumes in Indonesia Evitayani, Evitayani; Warly, L
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate concentration of micro minerals (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Se) of forages and their distribution in fiber fraction (neutral detergent fiber/NDF and acid detergent fiber/ADF) in West Sumatra during dry and rainy seasons. Four species of common legume namely Leucaena leucocephala, Centrocema pubescens, Calopogonium mucunoides and Acacia mangium were collected at native pasture during rainy and dry seasons. The results showed that micro minerals concentration of forages and their distribution in fiber fraction varied among species and season. In general, concentration of micro minerals was slightly higher in rainy season compared to dry season either in legumes forages. Data on legume forages showed that 75% of legumes were deficient in Zn and Mn, 62.5 % deficient in Cu and 50 % deficient in Se. There was no species of legume deficient in Fe. Distribution of micro minerals in NDF and ADF were also significantly affected by species and season and depends on the kinds of element measured. Generally, micro minerals were associated in fiber fractions and it yield much higher during dry season compared to rainy season. Iron (Fe) and selenium (Se) in forages were the highest elements associated in NDF and ADF, while the lowest was found in Copper (Cu). (Animal Production 12(2): 105-110 (2010)Keywords: Seasons, forages, micro mineral distribution, fiber fraction
The Utilization of Soybean Hulls as Energy Resources on Ration Local Sheep Rimbawanto, EA; Iriyanti, Ning
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 3, No 1 (2001): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean hulls as a ration in twenty seven rams. The animal had a mean of live weight of 12.863 ± 1.934 kg. Levels of soybean hulls were 0, 50, and 100 %  or 0,25, and 50 % in ration dry matter basis and rations were  iso-nitrogenous. The experiment were use Completely Randomized Design, data collected was analyzed using analysis of variance and polynomial orthogonal test.  Inclusion of soybean hulls in 50% ration dry matter had no effect on daily live weight gain (90.65±20.88 g), nitrogen, calcium and phosphor balances positive. However, dry matter consumption tended to increase linearly and as soybean hulls level increase in the ration (P<0.01). The digestible energy and NDF significantly decrease linearly (P<0.01), whereas intake of the energy was similar i.e. 122±0.39, 1.44±0.17, and 1.23±0.19 Mcal/day but NDF tended to increase for ration containing 0, 25, 50% of soybean hulls, respectively. The digestible crude protein is significantly quadratic (P<0.01), due to the release of energy and N are synchronized in 25% of soybean hulls in ration dry matter. It was concluded that soybean hulls can be used as a sources of energy and substitute for corn. (Animal Production 3(1): 5-11 (2001) Key Words: Local ram, soybean hulls, live weight gain, digestibility
Performance and Haematological Indices of Broiler Chickens Fed Diet Containing Graded Level of Moist Heat Treated Gmelina arborea Seed Meal Fatokhun, B O; Aguihe, P C; Olajide, B O; Aguihe, E O
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 15, No 3 (2013): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. Experiment evaluating the effect of moist heat treated Gmelina arborea seed meal (MHGASM) on the growth performance and hematological indices in broiler chickens was conducted using  one hundred and twenty (120) two weeks old broiler chickens which were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments consisting three replicates each with each replicate containing ten birds in a complete randomized design. The feed having 0% of MHGASM was taken as the reference diet, and the three diets to which MHGASM were included at graded level of 20, 25 and 30% as T2, T3 and T4 respectively were used for the comparison with the reference diet. Birds were fed the experimental diets and water supplied adlibitum during the feeding trial that lasted for 56 days. The results showed that final body weight, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly affected by the dietary treatments while feed intake was not significantly influenced by the diets. Birds fed T4 (30% MHGASM inclusion level) diet had the highest final body weight, weight gain and best feed conversion ratio. Similarly, significant differences were recorded on all the hematological parameters investigated except hemoglobin concentration of the broilers across the treatment diets. Birds fed T4 diet recorded a higher mean values in all the hematological parameters except in WBC where T3 had the highest mean value. From the result of the study, it was therefore concluded that birds fed T4 (30% MHGASM)diet had an improved performance and the inclusion of  moist heat treated Gmelina  arborea seed in the diet of broilers do not have any negative effect on their physiological and  immune system. Thus, moist heat treated Gmelina arborea seed meal may serve as a useful alternative for protein and fiber in compounding feed for broiler chickens. Key words: Performance, hematology, moist heat treated, Gmelina arborea, broiler chickens Abstrak. Percobaan mengevaluasi pengaruh tepung Gmelina arborea (jati) yang diuapkan (MHGASM) pada kinerja pertumbuhan dan indeks hematologis ayam broiler dilakukan menggunakan 120 ekor ayam broiler berumur 2 minggu yang secara acak dibagi ke dalam empat perlakuan pakan. Perlakuan diulang tiga kali, setiap ulangan terdiri atas 10 ayam, dan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Pakan dengan 0% MHGASM dijadikan pakan kontrol, dan tiga pakan mengandung MHGASM sebanyak 20, 25 dan 30% sebagai T2, T3 dan T4 digunakan sebagai pembanding pakan kontrol. Ayam mengkonsumsi pakan percobaan dan air diberikan ad libitum selama 56 hari percobaan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bobot akhir, penambahan bobot dan tingkat konversi pakan dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan pakan, sedangkan asupan pakan tidak dipengaruhi oleh pakan. Ayam yang diberi pakan T4 (30% MHGASM) memiliki bobot akhir dan penambahan bobot tertinggi, serta tingkat konversi pakan terbaik. Perbedaan nyata juga terdapat pada semua parameter hematologis kecuali konsentrasi hemoglobin pada broiler disetiap perlakuan pakan. Ayam yang diberi pakan T4 (30% MHGASM) memiliki nilai rataan tertinggi di semua parameter hematologi kecuali sel darah putih yang rataan tertingginya pada pakan T3 (25% MHGASM). Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ayam yang diberi pakan T4 menunjukkan peningkatan kinerja dan penambahan tepung jati yang diuapkan pada pakan broiler tidak menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap fisiologi dan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Dengan demikian, tepung jati yang diuapkan dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti protein dan serat dalam pakan ayam broiler. Kata kunci: Kinerja, hematologi, penguapan, Gmelina arborea, ayam broiler

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