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Animal Production : Indonesian Journal of Animal Production
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 14112027     EISSN : 25415875     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2021.23.2.10
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Veterinary
Animal Production is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in association with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia. The journal was established in 1999 and available online since May 4, 2011. Animal Production was initially published twice a year, then three times a year starting in 2005. The journal coverage focused on small scale livestock farming and technologies which includes the recent science development in animal production, including all aspects of nutrition, breeding, reproduction, post-harvest processing and socio-economics. All articles are available online. Full text available in pdf format and can be downloaded for free. Starting Vol 22 No 1 the papers have been and will be published in our new website (http://animalproduction.id), as the continuation of our previous but still active website (http://animalproduction.net).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi
Articles 606 Documents
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Macerated Alfalfa Forage For Beef And Dairy Cattle Suwarno, Suwarno; Hidayat, Nur
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 3, No 2 (2001): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Sejumlah penelitian telah dilakukan untuk menyelidiki faedah pemecahan batang alfalfa pada saat dipanen di daerah prairi terhadap lama pengeringan, sifat-sifat nutrisi pada saat disimpan dan nilai nutrisi pakan. Alfalfa pada awal pertumbuhan bunga dipanen  menggunakan salah satu dari dua mesin. : mesin convensional, (CONV) atau dengan mesin pemecah batang yang mempunyai empat tingkat pemecahan (LIGHT : ringan,LIGHT + : agak berat, SEVERE : berat dan SEVERE+ : sangat berat). Selama pengeringan, perlakuan  LIGHT + s.d. SEVERE+ mencapai kadar Bahan Kering (BK) 45 % dan 80% dalam waktu masing-masing hanya sekitar 2 jam dan 9-11 jam, dibanding CONV, yang mencapai kadar BK tersebut berturut-turut dlm waktu 6 dan 54 jam. Padet sapi pedaging mengonsumsi BK silase 13 % lebih banyak dan memperoleh pertambahan  bobot badan harian 22.7% lebih berat (P<0.05) jika batang alfalfa dipecah pada saat dipanen(SEVERE), dibanding tidak (CONV) , pada awal pertumbuhan selama 21 hari. Sapi perah Holstein betina awal laktasi yang diberi ransum yang mengandung silase dan hay dari alfalfa yang batangnya dipecah pada saat dipanen memproduksi susu dengan kandungan gizi yang sama disbanding batang. Namun demikian, kelompok sapi yang diberi ransum yang mengandung alfalfa yang terpecah batangnya memberikan bobot hidup yang lebih berat dan nilai kondisi tubuh yang lebih baik (P<0.05) pada saat akhir penelitian laktasi selama 14 minggu. (Animal Production 3(2): 83-90 (2001) Key Words : Alfalfa, maceration, wilting time, silage, hay, dairy, beef.
The Effect of Enzyme Supplementation on Apparent Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Broilers Fed Sorghum or Wheat Mulyantini, NGA; Bryden, WL
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 12, No 3 (2010): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

In plant products such as sorghum and wheat, 50-70% of total phosphorus is bound in the form of phytin-P, which is unavailable to poultry due to the lack of significant endogenous production of the enzyme phytase.  As a consequence, nitrogen retention and amino acid utilisation are reduced due to the reduction in protein digestibility.  The objective of this study was to determine the influence of a commercial xylanase and phytase alone and in combination on the apparent amino acid digestibility of wheat and sorghum.  The experimental diets were fed in mash form to three replicate pens (6 male birds per pen) for 5 days. On day 42, all birds were euthanatised by an intracardial injection of sodium pentabarbitone solution, and the contents of the lower half of the ileum were collected. Amino acid concentration of ileal digesta samples was determined. The enzymes used were: natuphos phytase (5,000 FTU/g), xylanase (55,000 EXU/g) and b-glucanase (1,200 BGU/g) as well as several side- activities (cellulase and protease); the recommended inclusion rate is 120 g/tonne. Analyses were performed using statistical analysis software SAS. In conclusion, inclusion of xylanase alone in wheat based broiler diets is advantageous through positive effects on the digestibility of all amino acids.  In sorghum based diets, there was no improvement in amino acid digestibility with xylanase or phytase supplementation. (Animal Production 12(3): 169-174 (2010)  Key Words : amino acid, digestibility, enzyme, wheat, sorghum
The Use of Agricultural and Logging Waste as Litter Materials in Broiler Rearing Mugiyono, Sigit; Sukardi, Sukardi
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 5, No 1 (2003): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

A research has been conducted to study the use of agricultural and logging waste as litter materials in broiler rearing. Experimental method was used with completely randomized design. The treatments were the use of agricultural and logging waste as litter materials (L) consisting of L1 = rice hulls, L2 = rice straw, L3 = wood draff and L4 = saw dust. Parameters observed were litter moisture, production index and income over feed and litter cost (IOFLC). The experiment used 96 chickens, which were divided, into 24 cages. Statistical analysis showed that the use of agricultural and logging waste significantly (P<0,01) affected the litter moisture, production index and IOFLC. It could be concluded that rice straw, small plane wood and saw dust could be used as litter materials in broiler rearing. (Animal Production 5(1): 42-49 (2003) Key words: Agricultural, Logging, Waste, Litter, Broiler
Iodine Mineral Status of Etawah Crossbred Goat at Different Physiological Stages Fed Elephant Grass and Tofu Byproduct Widiyanto, Widiyanto; Sumarsono, Sumarsono; Sudjatmogo, Sudjatmogo; Prasetiyono, Bambang W.H.E; Setiadi, A; Surahmanto, Surahmanto
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 17, No 1 (2015): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (152.382 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.anprod.2015.17.1.477

Abstract

Abstract. The objective of the study was to determine the iodine status and to map the thyroxin hormone concentration in etawah crossbred goat (ECG) at different physiological stages and its interrelation to the nutrition and performance. Fifteen female ECG was allotted in three physiolgical stage groups:  female kid, young female goat and lactating goat, fed elephant grass and tofu byproduct. The study was conducted  in Tossa Shakti Agro Company (TSA), Central Java, Indonesia. Analysis of variance in completely randomized design was used to determine the effect of physiological stages on soil and feed iodine content, blood serum thyroxin hormone concentration, nutrient and feed dry matter consumption, average daily gain and milk production. Result showed that soil iodine content was adequate to stimulate plant growth (3.109 mg/kg). Consumed feed iodine content  was adequate to all physiological stages, female kid, young female and lactating goat (1.003; 0.940 and 0.820 mg/kg, respectively). Thyroxin hormone concentration in blood serum of female kid and young female goat was  in normal range (8.23 and 10.05 µg/dl) but the concentration of thyroxin hormone in blood serum of lactating goat was  marginal ( 6.17 µg/dl).  Iodine supplementation was required for  lactating etawa crossbred goat  if tofu byproduct was included in its ration.Key words : nutrient, iodine, thyroxin hormone, etawah crossbred goat Abstrak.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji status iodine dan memetakan konsentrasi hormone tiroksin kambing peranakan etawah (PE) pada berbagai status fisiologis dan interelasinya dengan status nutrisi serta performans ternak.  Sebanyak 15 ekor kambing PE betina digunakan dalam penelitian yang terbagi atas tiga kelompok status fisiologis, yakni: cempe betina, kambing dara dan kambing laktasi.  Sebagai pakan, digunakan rumput gajah dan ampas tahu.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Tossa Shakti Agro (TSA) Kendal, Jawa Tengah.  Variabel yang diukur meliputi kandungan iodin tanah dan pakan, kadar hormon tiroksin serum darah, konsumsi bahan kering pakan dan nutrien, pertambahan bobot badan serta produksi susu. Data yang terkumpul diolah secara statistik dengan analisis variansi dalam rancangan acak lengkap guna mengetahui pengaruh status fisiologis terhadap variable-variabel tersebut.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan iodine tanah memadai untuk menstimulasi pertumbuhan tanaman (3,109 mg/kg).  Kandungn iodin pakan terkonsumsi memadai untuk semua status fisiologis, dalam hal ini cempe betina, kambing dara dan kambing laktasi (masing-masing: 1,003; 0,940 dan 0,820 mg/kg).  Konsentrasi hormon tiroksin serum darah cempe betina dan kambing dara dalam kisaran normal (8,23 dan 10,05 ug/dl), tetapi konsentrasi hormon tiroksin serum darah kambing laktasi berada pada batas normal (borderline), yakni 6,17 ug/dl.  Suplementasi iodin diperlukan bagi kambing peranakan etawa yang sedang laktasi, jika ampas tahu digunakan sebagai bagian dari ransum.Kata kunci:  nutrien, iodin, hormone , kambing peranakan etawah
Follicular Development Dynamics and Plasma Progesterone Profile during the Estrous Cycle of Dairy Cows Putro, PP; Wasito, R; Wuryastuty, H; Indarjulianto, S
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 10, No 2 (2008): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

A total of five local Friesian cows, 4 to 5 years, healthy, reproductively sound, were used in the study to understand the development dynamics of dominant follicles and plasma progesterone profile during estrous cycle.   Transrectal ultrasonographic examination using real time, B-mode, with 7.5 MHz transducer was performed daily for one full cycle to follow the development of dominant follicle and corpus luteum dynamics.   Blood plasma was collected daily to determine progesterone levels using EIA technique.   Follicular development dynamics and plasma progesterone levels were analyzed statistically using analyses of variance, while correlation between plasma progesterone levels and corpus luteum size were tested using correlation analyses.   The length of estrous cycle in local Friesian cow was 21.00 + 1.00 days.   Follicular dynamics during estrous cycle indicated only had two waves of dominant follicular development.   The first wave of dominant follicle was firstly identified on day 3, reached maximum diameter (11.17 + 0.90 mm) on day 11 and identifiable until day 15.   The second dominant follicle appeared on day 11, reached maximum size on day 21 (13.17 + 0.69 mm) and underwent ovulation on the next day.   The increased diameter of dominant follicle from days 17 to 21 was linear with growth rate of 1.20 + 0.18 mm/day.   Ovulatory dominant follicle had larger size than non-ovulatory ones (P<0.05).   Corpus luteum was ultrasonically detectable from days 5 to 19 of the estrous cycle.   The maximum size of corpus luteum (11.83 + 0.75 mm) attained on day 11, and then regressed substantially till day 19.  Plasma progesterone level started to rise during the luteal phase, reached the peak level on day 12 (4.64 + 0.23 ng/ml) and then decreased steadily till the lowest level (0.42 + 0.05 ng/ml) at the time of estrus.  The plasma progesterone profile and the corpus luteum development were concomitant each other during estrous cycle of the cow.  It can be concluded that the follicular dynamics during estrous cycle in local Friesian cows only had two waves of dominant follicular development, while plasma progesterone levels manifested corpus luteum function throughout the estrous cycle. (Animal Production 10(2): 73-77 (2008) Key Words:  Follicle, corpus luteum, progesterone, estrous cycle, cow
Expression and Isolation of Recombinant Microneme 3 (MIC3) Protein of Toxoplasma gondii Local Isolate on Eschericia coli (BL21) Indrasanti, D; Haryanto, A; Artama, WT
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 13, No 2 (2011): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. Toxoplasmosis is a disease that infects all warm-blooded animals, including livestocks and humans caused by Toxoplasma gondii parasites. There are major drugs used for the therapy, though they have some effects to the patients, such as allergy, toxic and teratogenic for fetus. In addition, toxoplasmosis treatment is only effective for tachyzoites T. gondii in acute infection, while tissue cysts cannot be eradicated in chronic toxoplasmosis Tissue cysts of T. gondii contained in meat that are consumed by humans and meat-derived products may be important sources of infection for humans. Microneme protein (MIC) is one of proteins that belongs to excretory-secretory antigens (ESAs) of Toxoplasma gondii. Microneme 3 protein (MIC3) is the protein that plays an important role in the invasion process during cell infection as a mediator attachment parasite to the host cell. Recombinant MIC3 protein has been already used for the detection of toxoplasmosis and it could induce humoral and cellular immune response in experimental animals. The aim of this research was to express MIC3 recombinant protein of T. gondii from local isolate that was cloned into expression vector and transformed to E. coli BL21. In the future, recombinant protein MIC3 can be used for vaccine candidate and diagnostic tools for toxoplasmosis in animals and humans. Gene of MIC3 T. gondii local isolate (1.2 Kbp) was cloned into expression vector pET-32a(+) (5.9 Kbp) and transformed to Escherichia coli BL21. Protein from plasmid recombinant (7.1 Kbp) was expressed and performed by culturing recombinant bacteria into LB medium containing ampicillin and IPTG. Recombinant protein was isolated by sonication method and identified using SDS-PAGE. Finally, the recombinant protein was analyzed by immunoblotting using anti-ESAs polyclonal antibody. In conclusion, expression of the MIC3 gene with ~108 kDa has been successfully performed by cloning gene encoding for MIC3 protein of T. gondii local isolate that can be identified with polyclonal antibody anti-ESAs.Key Words: Toxoplasma gondii, expression, MIC3 protein
Essential – Mineral Balance on Growing Male Cattle Suwandyastuti, SNO
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 6, No 2 (2004): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

An experiment was designed to study the effect of unconventional protein source on the essential minerals balances of growing cattle.  The experiment had been conducted by experimental method with Completely Randomized Block Design, on twelve growing male cattle of Ongole Grade.  Based on the body weight, the animal trial was separated to three blocks, as the replication.  The tested treatment was four kind of protein sources in the ration (R):  R1 = kapok – seeds cakes; R2 = lamtoro – leave meals; R3 = cacao – pod meals and R4 = goat’s faeces.  The compose of ration was 50 percent of Elephant grass and 50 percent of concentrate (DM basis).  The measured variables were: the essential mineral balances i.e. Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Potasium, Chlorine, Magnesium, Sulphur and Nitrogen.  The balance – trial was conducted by the total collection method.  The data was analyzed by the analysis of variance, and that of the interaction (Synergistic and antagonistic) by the Regression Analysis.  The result indicated that the total of essential mineral balance of each protein source or each ration on growing cattle of Ongole Grade is:  Cacao – pod meals = 116.09 g/day; Goat’s faeces = 111.89 g/day; lamtoro – leave meal = 84.64 g/day and Kapok – seed cake = 78.55 g/day.  These phenomena shown that all of the animal trial was in normal growth.  The strong synergistic interaction was reached by Ca « P (P <0.01; R2 = 0.92 – 0.98) while the weak interaction by Na « Cl (P > 0.05; R2 = 0.03 – 0.05).  Among the five couples of mineral elements of the antagonistic interaction the strong interaction was N ® S (P < 0.01; R2 = 0.70 – 0.75), while the weak interaction was Na ® P (P > 0.05; R2 = 0.08).  Based on all the variables measured, the experiment is concluded that: (1) all of the unconventional protein sources are able to improve the quality of the ration, indicated by the positive essential mineral balance on growing cattle of Ongole grade; (2) based on the total essential mineral balance, the most suitable protein source for growing cattle is cacao – pod meals; (3) the strong synergistic interaction was reached by Ca <----> P, while the antagonistic interaction was N ----> S.  (Animal Production 6(2): 101-109 (2004) Key Words: mineral, protein source, Ongole, cattle
The Improvement of Rumen Fermentation Products Through In-Vitro Supplementation of Mg and Co Minerals Suhartati, FM; Suryapratama, Wardhana
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 18, No 2 (2016): May
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (772.012 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.anprod.2016.18.2.552

Abstract

A study has been conducted to examine the effect of Mg and Co supplementation on rumen fermentation products. The study was conducted in an in vitro experiment, applying completely randomized design, 3x3 factorial. The first factor was three levels of Mg (0; 7.5 and 15.0 mM), and three levels of Co (0; 0.03 and 0.06 mM) as the second factor, total 9 treatments each repeated three times, comprising 27 experimental units all together. In vitro incubation lasted for 4 hours. Variables measured were the concentrations of VFA, N-NH3 and protein synthesis of microbial rumen. Data were subject to analysis of variance and orthogonal polynomials test. The results showed an interaction effect between Mg and Co on the concentration of VFA, N-NH3 and protein synthesis of microbial rumen. The increasing supplementation of Mg at 0.06 mM Co increased VFA concentration; the highest concentration of N-NH3 was achieved by rumen fluid supplemented with 15.0 mM of Mg and 0.03 mM of Co. The highest protein synthesis of microbial rumen was achieved by the rumen fluid supplemented with 8.18 mM of Mg with no supplementation of Co.
The Addition of Zinc in Nutritive Rich Feed Containing Lemuru Oil to Growth and Birth Weight of Bali Cattle Hartati, E; Katipana, NGF; Saleh, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 11, No 1 (2009): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

An experiment was conducted to examine the addition of zinc in nutritive rich feed contained lemuru oil to growth and birth weight of  Bali cattle. The experiment design used was randomized complete block design. The animal were randomly assigned into four group of treatments, i. e addition of 0, 75, 150 and 225 mg ZnSO4 kg-1 on nutritive rich feed (NRF) containing lemuru oil. The basal diet consist dried grass while NRF consisted of palm sugar, leucaena and glirisidia leaf meal, rice bran fermentation, fish meal, lemuru oil and urea. The crude protein content of NRF was  23%, while  total digestible nutrient (TDN) was 70%. Addition ZnSO4 in the diet did not increase significantly zinc status, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration and ME retention. However, level of ZnSO4 addition increase significantly (P<0.01) zinc absorption, N retention, growth and birth weight of Bali Cattle (P<0.01). The fastest of growth was achieved at level of ZnSO4 addition of 150 mg ZnSO4.kg-1 NRF. (Animal Production 11(1): 59-65 (2009) Key Words: Bali cattle, PGE2, zinc absorption, growth
Supplementation of ZnSO4 and Zn-Cu Isoleucinate in Ration to Improve Growth and Body Immunity of Young Male Bali Cattle Hartati, E; Saleh, A; Sulistijo, ED; Ratuwaloe, JJA
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 14, No 3 (2012): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Abstract

Abstract. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the supplementation of zinc sulphate and Zn-Cu isoleucinate in the local feeds basal diet of young male Bali cattle. The experimental design used was randomized completely block design. The experimental animal were randomly assigned into four group of treaments diet were formulated as: R0= 60% ammoniated “kume“ grass standinghay + 40% concentrate; R1 = R0 + 150 mg ZnSO4.kg-1 DM concentrate + 1 % Zn-Cu isoleucinate; R2 = R0 + 150 mg ZnSO4.kg-1 DM concentrate + 2 % Zn-Cu isoleucinate; R3 = R0 + 150 mg ZnSO4.kg-1 DM concentrate + 3 % Zn-Cu isoleucinate. The basal diet consisted of ammoniated “kume“ grass standinghay, while  concentrate consisted of corn meal, rice bran, coconut cake, fish meal, lemuru oil  and premix. The crude protein content of basal diet was 17%, while total digestible nutrients (TDN) was 78%. The supplementation of zinc sulphate and and Zn-Cu isoleucinate in the diet did not increase significantly crude protein consumption, zinc and cuprum concentration, N and energi retention. However supplementation zinc sulphate and Zn-Cu isoleucinate increase significantly dry matter, energy, zinc and cuprum consumption, zinc and cuprum  absorbtion, phosphatase alkaline, growth and imonoglobulin concentration of young male Bali cattle. The highest daily gain (0.721.day-1) was achieved at level of ZnSO4 and Zn-Cu isoleucinate supplementation of 150 mg ZnSO4 kg-1 concentrate and 2% Zn-Cu isoleucinate kg-1 diet. Key words: Bali cattle, Zn-SO4, Zn-Cu isoleucinate, growth, immunoglobulin  Abstrak. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi penambahan seng sulfat dan isoleusinate  Zn-Cu dalam pakan lokal basal pada sapi Bali jantan muda.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok.  Hewan percobaan secara acak dibagi menjadi empat kelompok perlakuan pakan yaitu R0 = 60% rumput  “kume” hay teramoniasi + 40% konsentrat, R1 = R0 + 150 mg ZnSO4 kg-1 DM konsentrat + 1% isoleusinate Zn-Cu, R2 = R0 + 150 mg ZnSO4 kg-1 DM konsentrat + 2% isoleusinate Zn-Cu, R3 = R0 + 150 mg konsentrat ZnSO4 kg-1 DM + 3% isoleusinate Zn-Cu.  Pakan basal terdiri dari rumput  "kume" hay teramoniasi, sedangkan konsentrat terdiri dari tepung jagung, dedak padi, bungkil kelapa, tepung ikan, minyak lemuru dan premix.  Kandungan protein kasar pakan basal adalah 17%, sedangkan total nutrisi tercerna (TDN) adalah 78%.  Penambahan seng sulfat dan dan isoleusinate Zn-Cu dalam pakan tidak secara signifikan meningkatkan konsumsi protein kasar, seng dan konsentrasi tembaga, N dan retensi energi.  Namun penambahan seng sulfat dan isoleusinate Zn-Cu secara signifikan meningkatkan bahan kering, energi, seng dan konsumsi tembaga, penyerapan seng dan tembaga, basa fosfatase, pertumbuhan dan konsentrasi imunoglobulin pada sapi Bali muda jantan. Pertambahan bobot badan harian tertinggi (0.721 kg day-1) yang dicapai pada tingkat penambahan ZnSO4 dan Zn-Cu isoleusinate 150 mg ZnSO4 kg-1 konsentrat dan 2% Zn-Cu isoleusinate kg-1 pakan. Kata kunci: sapi Bali, Zn-SO4, Zn-Cu isoleusinate, pertumbuhan, imunoglobulin E Hartati et al/Animal Production 14(3):180-186, September 2012

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