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Exploring the Causes of Fear in Children Aged 10-12 Years During Medical Examinations: A Phenomenological Study Clements Nicodhemus Garuda Nagara; Wikan Indrarto; Saverina Nungky Dian Hapsari
Smart Medical Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v7i3.97843

Introduction: For most children, the figure of a doctor is considered frightening because of their imagination, previous bad experiences and children’s fear usually related to pain that caused by medical procedures. This condition causes difficulties for doctor in understanding patient’s complaints. Therefore, this study was conducted as an effort to find out the causes of children’s fear when they got examined by a doctor, in order to assist doctor in managing children’s health problems, complaints and needs.Methods: This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Retrieval of research data using in-depth interview techniques which were analyzed by thematic analysis. This research involved 4-6 grader of Tarakanita Elementary School in Magelang with the assistance of subject’s parents and pyschologistResults: In-depth interviews were conducted on 12 research subjects, consist of four (33%) fourth graders, five (42%) fifth graders, and three (25%) six graders. There are three themes, such as the causes of children’s fear, the emotional expression of children’s fear, and the external support of children when they are afraid of being examined. Bad experiences due to medical procedures are the most common cause of children’s fear (91,7%). Meanwhile, the most common trigger for children’s fear is pain (50%), which is influenced by imagination (91,7%)Conclusion: Bad experiences from medical procedures are the most dominant cause of fear in children. Meanwhile, the most common trigger of fear is pain, which is often influenced by the child’s imagination. These findings highlight the need for child-friendly medical practices, including improved communication strategies, familiarize children with the procedure prior to its execution and examination room designs that reduce fear in childrenKeywords: children’s fear; doctor; imagination; bad experiences; medical procedures

Determinants of Smoking Behavior in Physical Education, Sports, and Health Teachers in Surakarta City in 2021 Isnaini, Alfianita; Widjanarko, Bagoes; Indraswari, Ratih
Smart Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v7i1.72224

Background: Smoking is an unhealthy habit but is often encountered in everyday life. Teacher of Physical Education, Sports, and Health as one of the sports actors if active smoking can impair their physical fitness. Teachers contribute to instilling health values in students and making them role models. Teachers who smoke will give students the perception that smoking behavior is a common and harmless action that is feared to affect students who are still in the period of self-discovery, unstable, and easily influenced in smoking behavior. This study aims to determine what factors influence smoking behavior in Physical Education, Sports, and Health teachers in Surakarta City.Methods: This study was quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach and the sample was 81 Physical Education, Sports, and Health teachers using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The analysis of this study used univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test.Results: The results showed 30.9% of respondents are active smokers, and 69.1% are non-active smokers. Variables related to smoking behavior are knowledge (p=0.000), the role of the respondent as a teacher (p=0.000), perceived seriousness (p=0.000), perceived benefits (p=0.017), attitude (p=0.000), subjective norms (p=0.000), and perceived behavioral control p=0.003).Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, role as a teacher, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm have a relationship with smoking behavior, while age, income, cues to action, and perceived susceptibility are not related to smoking behavior.

Predicting Acute Myocardial Infarction Severity Using Inflammatory Markers Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Abiseka Panji Baskoro; Enrico Ananda Budiono; Vina Sari Nugrahaning Widi; An Aldia Asrial; Irnizarifka Irnizarifka; Hanimar Chania
Smart Medical Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2025): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v8i2.105956

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains as one of major contributors to cardiovascular mortality worldwide. While Killip class and GRACE score are established tools for assessing AMI severity, evidence regarding prognostic potential of hematologic inflammatory markers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) remains limited, particularly in Southeast Asia. This study aimed to see the correlation between NLR and PLR with Killip classification, GRACE score, and in-hospital mortality in AMI patients.Methods: This retrospective study included 47 AMI patients admitted to the Intensive Cardiovascular Care Unit of Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital between September 2024 and June 2025. Data on clinical and laboratory parameters were extracted from medical records. NLR and PLR were calculated from complete blood count values. Killip class and GRACE score were assessed at admission. Statistical analyses included correlation tests, regression models, and outcome comparisons.Results: Higher NLR and PLR values were significantly associated with increasing Killip class (ρ = 0.897 and ρ = 0.921, respectively) and GRACE score (p < 0.001). PLR was independent predictor of Killip class (p = 0.020), while only troponin I was independently associated with in-hospital mortality (p = 0.040). The GRACE score regression model showed excellent explanatory power (R² = 0.919), with NLR, PLR, and clinical variables contributing significantly.Conclusion: NLR and PLR are significantly correlated with AMI severity and risk scores. PLR may serve as a simple adjunctive marker for early clinical stratification in AMI.

Correlation Between Acute Phase Delta NIHSS and Quality of Life Score in Post Thrombotic Infarct Stroke Patient in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital via Tele-Stroke Specific Quality of Life-12 Questionnaire (SSQOL-12) Tedjo, Raden Andi Ario; Savitri, Martha Oktavia Dewi; Putra, Stefanus Erdana
Smart Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v6i3.71300

Introduction: Stroke is one of the most common diseases causing disability. Stroke severity assessed using National Institute Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was recognized affecting quality of life in stroke patients. This study evaluated the NIHSS delta as a predictor of quality of life in thrombotic stroke patientsMethods: This study was conducted from January to September 2022 with cross-sectional approach. At inpatient setting, NIHSS was assessed at admission, first 24 hours, and discharge. Patient’s quality of life was evaluated using the SSQOL-12 questionnaire via telephone. Bivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess this correlation.Results: Demographic data of 61 patients showed that 65.4% of patients were male, 54.1% of patients aged <60 years, and 67.2% had moderate stroke (NIHSS 6-15). The results of bivariate analysis using linear regression showed that both the 24 hour-delta NIHSS and the delta NIHSS-admission-discharge were positively related to SSQOL-12 score (p = 0.000).Conclusion: Delta NIHSS can be used as clinical improvement predictor with positive correlation to the quality of life in thrombotic stroke patients

Students’ Perception to Tutors’ Role In Problem Based Learning Budiastuti, Veronika Ika; Soenarto, Sri Suparyati; Prihatiningsih, Titi Savitri; Kumara, Amitya
Smart Medical Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2024): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v7i2.91764

Introduction: Studies show that student perception is an important determinant of student behaviour. Understanding the students’ perception is very useful for teachers to determine the appropriate learning approach for their students. The aim of this study is to find the effect of epistemological belief factor on students’ perception to tutors’ role in PBL tutorial discussion.Methods: This research is a qualitative research about student perception of tutor ‘s role in Problem Based Learning discussion. Respondents for this study consisted of 18 medical students that were divided into two groups based on their epistemological belief maturity level. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with the respondents about their perception and expectations of how the tutor should works in accompanying students during the Problem Based Learning discussion. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis.Results: The results show that students' perceptions of tutor‘s role are influenced by the differences of their problem-solving strategies. Students with simple knowledge perspective have the perception that the ideal tutor is a tutor who can make the discussions become structured and more orderly. Meanwhile, the group of students with mature epistemological beliefs argue that ideal tutors are the ones who can do critical analysis during Problem Based Learning discussion.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is influence of epistemological belief maturity level to the students’ perception to tutors’ role in Problem Based Learning discussion.

Relationship between Body Mass Index and Central Fat Accumulation in Adolescents in Surakarta Angellica Eliora Wijaya; Amelya Augusthina Ayusari; Budiyanti Wiboworini; Kusmadewi Eka Damayanti
Smart Medical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v8i3.110627

Introduction: Obesity diagnosis can be determined through the calculation of body mass index (BMI). However, BMI can only serve as a screening tool for obesity and can not measure fat distribution while waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) is considered better for determining central fat distribution in adolescents. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between body mass index and central fat accumulation in adolescents in Surakarta.Methods: The method used was cross-sectional, involving measurements of weight, height, and waist circumference. The subjects of this study are tenth-grade adolescents from three high schools in Surakarta, with a total of 83 subjects. The variables in this study are the z-score of BMI-for-age (ratio) with waist circumference (ratio) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Statistical analysis used the Spearman test.Results: The Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (p < 0,001; r = 0,777), as well as BMI and WHtR (p < 0,001; r = 0,785).Conclusion: There is a strong positive relationship between body mass index and central fat accumulation among high school students in Surakarta.Keywords: adolescents; BMI; central fat; waist circumference; WHtR

Characteristic of Pterygium Among Merchants in Tanah Lot Coastal Tourism Area, Bali Esha Manahcika Putri; Pande Ayu Naya Kasih Permatananda; I Putu Rustama Putra
Smart Medical Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v8i1.88253

Introduction: The high incidence of pterygium in Indonesia, especially in Bali, can decrease the quality of life due to impaired vision or blindness related to visual axis disruption. Pterygium is characterized by fibrovascular tissue growth extending from the nasal area or temporal limbus towards the cornea. Exposure to UV rays and activities in dusty or sandy areas are contributing factors to the increased incidence of pterygium. The Tanah Lot Tourist Attraction Area is a coastal tourism site where the majority of the local community engages in trading activities. This research aims to investigate the characteristics of Pterygium among traders in the Tanah Lot Tourist Attraction AreaMethods: It was an observational-descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 100 respondents selected through consecutive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were obtained through questionnaire-based interviews and documented using a digital camera. The collected data will be descriptively analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, employing univariate analysis and cross-tabulation to observe the characteristics of pterygium based on age, gender, exposure history, and duration of exposure.Results: The research findings reveal that the majority of pterygium patients are aged between 46 and 55, female, have a history of sun exposure for more than 10 years, and spend more than 4 hours outdoors. Most subjects in the study have grade 2 pterygium, which indicates growth beyond the corneal limbus but not exceeding 2 mm onto the cornea.Conclusion: This study provides further insight into the characteristics of pterygium patients, aiming to raise awareness about the continuous hazards of UV exposure.

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) Biscuits Fortified with Moringa (Moringa oleifera, Lamk) Leaf Flour on decrease Inflammation in kidney of Obese Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Safitri, Nisrina Ulayya; Setyawan, Novan Adi; Pesik, Riza Novierta; Budiani, Dyah Ratna
Smart Medical Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2024): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v7i2.81652

Introduction: The high incidence of obesity is due to the habit of eating snacks. The habit of eating snacks can be replaced with healthy snacks, one of which is porang biscuits fortified with moringa flour. This study was conducted to determine the effect of intake of porang biscuits fortified with moringa flour on glomerular area and interstitial inflammation of the kidneys of Wistar rats modeled obesity.Methods: Laboratory experimental research with randomized postest control group design. 30 Wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups. The negative control group (KN) was given standard feed, the positive control group (KP) was given high-fat high-fructose feed, the treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) were given porang biscuits fortified with moringa flour with varying doses of moringa leaf powder 150, 250, and 350 mg/200grBB after induction. Glomerular area was measured with raster image. The results of glomerular area and interstitial inflammation score were analyzed by oneway ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD. Correlation of glomerular area and interstitial inflammation score with increasing dose were analyzed by Pearson.Results: There was no significant difference in glomerular area between all groups and no correlation between glomerular area and increasing dose of moringa powder. There were significant differences in interstitial inflammation scores between KN-KP, KN-P1, KN-P2, KN-P3, KP-P3, P1-P3 and P2-KP. The correlation between interstitial inflammation and increasing dose of moringa leaf powder was p=0.000 and r=-0.776Conclusion: There is a difference in the interstitial inflammation score of the kidneys of obese Wistar rats after intake of porang biscuits fortified with Moringa leaf powder at a dose of 350 mg/200 grBB while there is no difference in glomerular area. There is a strong negative correlation between increasing doses of moringa leaf powder and interstitial inflammation.

Investigating Accessibility and Availability of Therapeutic Opioids in Surabaya, Indonesia Khaliq Maryono; Andi Hermansyah; I Nyoman Wijaya
Smart Medical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v8i3.105709

Introduction: A significant global disparity exists in access to opioid analgesics for pain management, with high-income countries (HICs) responsible for over 90% of global opioid consumption. In stark contrast, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)—which are home to 90% of the world's population—account for less than 10% of this consumption. Despite a pressing clinical need among groups such as cancer patients, surgical cases and other individuals suffering from pain, access to opioids remains severely restricted. This study aims to investigate whether similar gaps in access and utilization exist in Surabaya by analyzing the availability and consumption data of therapeutic opioids.Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out utilizing secondary data collected from Surabaya, Indonesia, during April to May 2025. The data were extracted from Kimia Farma (KF) and SIPNAP provided by the local health office, covering the years 2022 to 2024. All opioid agonists distributed by the KF and reported as utilized in healthcare facilities in Surabaya were included in the analysis. Descriptive analysis of the data was conducted using Microsoft Excel to identify trends in opioid distribution and usage over time, with a particular emphasis on patterns of decline and their potential contributing factors.Results: During the study period, a total of 21 different types of opioids were identified. Overall, distribution trends experienced a modest increase of 6%, while utilization trends showed a slight decrease of 2%. Notable declines were observed in several opioids, particularly in hydromorphone, oxycodone, oral codeine formulations, and fentanyl patches. Across various healthcare settings, opioid use rose in clinics (7%) and hospitals (4%), but saw a significant drop in pharmacies (19%). This indicates an uneven accessibility to opioids and persistent gaps in availability and usage across different service levels in Surabaya.Conclusion: While opioid use in hospitals and clinics remains relatively stable, there has been a significant decrease in access to several essential opioids at the distribution level. If this trend continues, it is likely that usage will decline further, thereby limiting access to adequate pain management. Urgent policy interventions are necessary— including regulatory refinement, enhanced training for healthcare workers, and improved product availability—to restore a favorable balance between distribution and usage. Strengthening these areas is critical to ensuring equitable access to opioid analgesics and upholding the right to adequate pain relief.

Comparison of Anti-Dengue Antibody Diagnostic Tests Using Immunochromatography and Fluorescence Immunoassay Methods at dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga Pulmonology Hospital Nunung Dartini Wahyuningtyas; Rioni Wahyu Puspitaningrum; Fariz Zulfikar Ahmad; Dara Gita Asmarani; Atya Rakhmatul Maula
Smart Medical Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2024): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v7i3.91999

Introduction: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti. The agent is the dengue virus, which belongs to the Flaviridae family and Flavivirus genus, consisting of 4 serotypes, namely Den-1, Den-2, Den-3, and Den-4. Antibodies that appear generally are IgG and IgM. The methods used in examining dengue antibodies include Immunochromatographic (ICT) and Fluorescent Immunoassay (FIA) methods. The ELFA method is used for diagnostic testing.Objective: To determine whether there is a difference in anti-dengue antibody examination using ICT and FIA methods at the dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga Pulmonology Hospital.Method: The type of research used is descriptive comparative with a cross-sectional method. This research was conducted from October to November 2023. 44 samples used in this study were examined for diagnostic tests using ELFA method, and then anti-dengue IgG and IgM were examined using the ICT and the FIA methodsResults: The results of the research showed that the sensitivity of IgG method and IgG of ICT method were 86.21% and 75.86%, respectively, and the specificity of the IgG of the FIA method and the IgG of the ICT method was 80.00% and 93.30% respectively. Meanwhile, the sensitivity of IgM by FIA method and ICT method is 80.00% and 93.30%, respectively, while the specificity of IgM by FIA method and IgM by ICT method is 82.76%.Conclusion: There is a significant difference between examining anti-dengue antibodies using Immunochromatography (ICT) and Fluorescence Immunoassay (FIA) methods.

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Nanang Wiyono

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Location
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Jawa tengah

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Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Nanang Wiyono

Contact Email smjfkuns@gmail.com

Phone -

Journal Mail Official smjfkuns@gmail.com

Editorial Address -

Location Kota surakarta, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Nanang Wiyono

Contact Email
smjfkuns@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
smjfkuns@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota surakarta,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA