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Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture

carakatani
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Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret

ISSN : 26139456 EISSN : 25992570 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture publishes original articles, review articles, case studies and short communications on the fundamentals, applications and management of Sustainable Agriculture areas in collaboration with Indonesian Agrotechnology / Agroecotechnology Association (PAGI), Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network), and Indonesian Agricultural Higher Education Communication Forum (FKPTPI). This journal has two issues in a year and it will be published in April and October.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 485 Documents

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The Stratification of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Top Soils as Affected by the Management of Organic and Conventional Rice Cultivation Anshori, Arif; Pramono, Ali; Mujiyo, Mujiyo
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Organic and conventional management in rice cultivation have an impact on the nature of soil and the sustainability of agricultural system. This study aimed to determine the stratification of organic carbon and nitrogen in top soil from organic and conventional rice management. Top soil samples from organic and conventional rice management were taken before planting rice to find out the parameters of several soil characteristics. After rice was planted, top soil samples were taken at the depths of 0-4, 4-8, 8-12, 12-16, 16-20, 20-24 and 24-28 cm from organic and conventional rice fields, to determine the total organic carbon, total nitrogen and nitrate. The results show that organic rice management will provide better soil properties. Stratification of organic carbon and nitrogen was found in top soil from organic and conventional rice fields. Organic rice field appeared to have organic carbon content that was significantly higher than that of conventional rice field, and it is concentrated on top soil surface. The total nitrogen content in layers 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm in organic rice field was considerably higher than in conventional, but the content was different in layers 8-24 cm. Nitrate content was significantly different in top soil 12-16, 16-20 and 20-24 cm, significantly in top soil 8-12 cm, with nitrate in top soil of conventional rice field higher than in organic rice field. However, it was not significant in 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm top soils. This condition was influenced by organic and synthetic chemical fertilization, nitrification, denitrification and leaching.

Measuring the Satisfaction Levels of Customers of Fresh Vegetables towards the Marketing Mix in Traditional Markets in Sukoharjo Regency, Indonesia Raya Ilham Syah Majiid; Joko Sutrisno; Umi Barokah
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Vegetables are horticultural crops that have a high market absorption. Modern market that is considered to have many advantages does not necessarily reduce consumers’ shopping interest at traditional markets. Traditional markets appear to have different characteristics and visitor segments from modern markets. This study aims to determine the level of consumers’ satisfaction of vegetables towards the marketing mix in the traditional markets in Sukoharjo. Data were processed using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. The study was conducted from January to March 2019 with 80 consumers of vegetables as the respondents taken using quota sampling technique. CSI analysis was used to measure the level of customers’ satisfaction by calculating the rates of indicator performance attached to the items/services given by the consumers. Based on the CSI values, the result of the study conclude that consumers were satisfied with the services provided in traditional markets, which put priority on using family system to create convenient atmosphere of transactions.

The Impacts of Climate-Induced Agricultural Drought on Four Cereal Crops: A Case Study in Bako Tibe District, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia Terefa Adunya; Fedhasa Chalchisa Benti
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Increasing temperature and altered precipitation patterns lead to the extreme weather events such as drought and flood, which severely affects the agricultural production. This study was aimed to assess the impact of climate change-induced agricultural drought on four cereal crops in Bako Tibe District. Time-series climate and crop yield data, recorded from 1989 to 2018, were acquired from NASA’s data portal and Bako Research Institute. The changes in temperature and precipitation were analyzed using Mann Kendall trend test. The agricultural drought index was analyzed using R-software. The correlation between the selected yield crops and drought indices were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient. The results show that trends of seasonal and annual maximum and minimum temperatures were significantly increased (P<0.05). However, seasonal and annual precipitations were insignificantly decreased (P>0.05). Moderate to severe agricultural drought intensities happened four times in the last three decades. These drought spells spatially covered about 36% of the total area of the district. Crop yields and drought indices were significantly correlated at p-values; 0.0034, 0.043, 0.003 and 0.001 for teff, wheat, barley and maize, respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) values of crop yields were 28.3%, 30.9%, 28.5% and 34.6% for teff, wheat, barley and maize, correspondingly. The study clearly suggests that the increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation enhanced the frequency and intensity of drought events and these impacted the selected crop yields during the past three decades. The map-based results could be used as guides for governmental and non-governmental organizations concerning on drought impact mitigation activities in the district by encouraging farmers to adopt appropriate agricultural technologies, drought tolerant crop varieties and small scale irrigation.

The Effect of Tiller Transplanting Technique and Water Availability on the Growth and Yield of Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia) Putra, Dhimas Taufika; Pujiasmanto, Bambang; Supriyono, Supriyono
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 34, No 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia) is a wild plant with the ability to cure various diseases. Continuous exploitation of natural source can reduce the sustainability of this plant species. On the other hand, this plant is often ignored because it is considered as weed. This study aims to provide information about proper cultivation of Sidaguri to the community and medicinal plant farmers in order to maintain its sustainability and its potential to be used as cultivated plant. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors: transplanting techniques (puteran, cabutan, stump) and water availability (50, 37.5, 25, 12.5% water field capacity). Observation data were analyzed by analysis of variance and followed by DMRT test at 5% upon the significant result. The results have revealed that the transplanting technique of transplanting tillers with puteran technique produces the best growth and 25% water availability increases plant growth and yield. The result suggests that Sidaguri is a plant that is tolerant to drought.

The Growth Performance of Oil Palm Seedlings in Pre-Nursery and Main Nursery Stages as a Response to the Substitution of NPK Compound Fertilizer and Organic Fertilizer Adileksana, Cahyo; Yudono, Prapto; Purwanto, Benito Heru; Wijoyo, Rachmanto Bambang
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The need of nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) and potassium (K) nutrient in oil palm nursery are usually fulfilled with synthetic chemical fertilizers such as NPK fertilizer. The application of NPK fertilizer can cause the soil to become hard due to the accumulation of the residue left on the ground. Cow manure is able to substitute NPK fertilizer based on the chemical status of the soil. This study aimed at analyzing the effect of NPK fertilizer substitution with cow manure on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the pre-nurseries and main nurseries. The experiment was conducted from February to September 2018 in the Banguntapan research and experimental field, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The experiment applied the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor and six blocks as replications. The factors were subtitution using the replacement series method with five levels of doses, 100% NPK, 75% NPK + 25% cow manure, 50% NPK + 50% cow manure, 25% NPK + 75% cow manure and 100% cow manure. The observed parameter variables were root lenght, root area, hump diameter, leaf area, the number of leaves, plant height and plant dry matter. The use of 25% NPK substitute with 75% organic material was the best result in increasing the growth performance of oil palm seddlings in pre-nursery and main nursery.

Carbon Organic Content under Organic and Conventional Paddy Field and its Effect on Biological Activities (A Case Study in Pati Regency, Indonesia) Supriyadi, Supriyadi; Pratiwi, Melja Karni; Minardi, Slamet; Prastiyaningsih, Nanda Lintang
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The low organic matter content of paddy soils impacts the declining quality of land. Without the efforts to enrich the soil organic matter (SOM) content, the productivity of paddy fields will decrease or the need for inorganic fertilizers will increase to reach the level of yield. The present research aims to determine the effect of differences in organic and conventional paddy fields management practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and biological activities. The research was conducted from July to September 2018 on organic and conventional paddy fields in Dukuhseti Sub-district, Pati Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Sampling points were taken from six organic samples in the organic paddy fields while the other six samples were taken from conventional paddy fields. The variables observed in this research were organic C, pH, total N soil, total bacterial colonies, soil respiration and microbial biomass C. The results show that the organic C content in the organic paddy field (2.4%) was higher than that of the conventional paddy field (1.8%). The C content of organic paddy fields increased by 0.6%. The differences of the total bacterial colonies, soil respiration and microbial biomass C between organic paddy fields and conventional paddy fields were 11.5 CFU g-1, 7.42 mg CO2 week-1 and 0.51 µg g-1, respectively, because the use of organic farming systems could improve the biological nature of soils and caused biological activity in organic paddy fields to have the highest value compared to conventional paddy fields.

The Efficiency of Garlic Supply Chain Actors Measured using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Method in Karanganyar, Indonesia Betha Wahyuningtyas; Kusnandar Kusnandar; Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 2 (2020): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

One of the obstacles to the development of agribusiness is related to supply chain management. The availability of supply is the most important factor in influencing supply chain performance. Without a stable and routine supply, supply chain performance will be disrupted. Karanganyar Regency is one of the production centers of horticultural commodities, particularly garlic. This study aimed to analyze the efficiency of each garlic supply chain actor in Karanganyar Regency. The research was conducted from March to April 2019. The efficiency of each supply chain actor in this study was measured using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Performance measurement was done through the DEA approach and the performance attributes were input and output variables. The respondents observed were 50 farmers and 13 supply chain actors working in institutions. The samples of farmers were taken using purposive sampling technique, while the samples of supply chain actors were obtained using snowball sampling. The results have shown that the most efficient supply chain actors were retailers with an efficiency value of 1 (100%), while inefficient supply chain actors were farmers with an average efficiency value of 0.709. From a total of 50 Decision Making Unit (DMU) of total farmers, 13 DMU (26%) were efficient, while 37 DMU (74%) were inefficient and further need improvements, like using certified seeds and suitable fertilizer recommendations, as well as reducing external labor during the process of maintenance, harvesting and post-harvest. Farmers are expected to have the desire to learn from referral farmers.

Urea Application to Enhance Sugarcane Trash Decomposition: A Field Test in PTPN VII of Cinta Manis District in South Sumatera Putri, Kenny Marlian; Setyawan, Dwi; Priatna, Satria Jaya
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 2 (2020): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Sugarcane harvest results in plant residues, consisting of leaves, stems and roots nearly 20 ton ha-1. The plantation of PTPN VII in Cinta Manis District applied urea with a dosage of 5 kg ha-1 but the result was not effective. There is a potential to try a higher dosage of urea to enhance trash decomposition. This research aims to evaluate urea application on biomass decomposition. This research was conducted on the Plot 07 Rayon 3 of PTPN VII, District of Cinta Manis at Ketiau, Lubuk Keliat of Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, using Split Plot design. Main plot is trash sampling time and subplot is urea dosage with three replicates. ANCOVA was used for soil data. The rate of decomposition of the litter was calculated by the change in the initial condition of research with each week on observation resulting in decomposition rate graphs. Urea application at 10 kg ha-1 reduced C/N of the litter ratio to almost 21:1 and was followed by the highest total nitrogen increase to 0.18%, while the highest organic carbon decline for urea treatment of 6 kg ha-1 amounted to 13.78%. In conclusion, higher rate of urea application is still required to enhance sugarcane litter decomposition.

Improving the Management of Parthenium hysterophorus to Enhance Okra Production through the Application of Chemicals, Adjuvants and Plant Extract Blends in Pakistan Muhammad Adnan; Muhammad Sikander Hayyat; Qaisar Mumtaz; Muhammad Ehsan Safdar; Fazal ur Rehman; Haroon Ilahi; Koko Tampubolon
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.48215

Vegetables are consequently experiencing great yield losses due to weed infestation. Weed management is extremely important for sustainable crop production in all cropping systems. This review paper aimed to provide general information and alternative recommendations for the management of Parthenium hysterophorus weed by chemicals, adjuvants and plant extracts in okra. Different strategies have been used to control parthenium, but no single management solution is sufficient to handle parthenium; hence, different management options need to be combined. Only an integrated approach will achieve effective control over this weed. In areas where parthenium natural enemies are absent, chemical control is an important method of managing this weed. In the control of this plant, the use of chemical herbicides such as chlorimuron ethyl, glyphosate, atrazine, ametryn, bromoxynil and metsulfuron are considered to be efficient. Moreover, various plants have allelopathic potential and attempts have been made to use them in parthenium control. Three allelopathic grasses, namely, Achyranthes aspera, Syzygium cumini and Acacia nilotica are able to minimize the plant growth and inhibit early seedling growth of exotic weed P. hysterophorus. The results recommend that the control of parthenium in okra and other summer vegetables using chemical herbicides with single and combination mode of action is still effective compared to the use of plant extracts. The use of herbicides by adding adjuvants has the potential to minimize the use of excessive herbicides.

Weed’s Vegetation Analysis of Centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban) Plantations Dian Susanti; Devi Safrina; Nur Rahmawati Wijaya
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.41269

Centella (Centella asiatica L. Urban) originally is a wild plant that is being cultivated to be medicinal and cosmetics raw material. The process of centella cultivation is relatively easy and can be grown in a variety of altitudes. One obstacle in centella cultivation is weed growth. The proper handling of weeds in centella plantation requires data on the weed types and characteristics. This research aimed to determine the weed types and the amount of weed found in centella cultivation. Sampling was carried out purposively based on the presence of weeds in the cultivation area. Weed inventory was carried out using linear vegetation methods in 12 plantation beds of centella, with a size of 6 x 2 m2 each. Observations were made during weeding on one cropping season. Weed inventory was carried out by recording the number of species and number of individual weed and taking documentation of weeds that were recorded for identification purposes. Research data were analyzed by using vegetation analysis. The weed vegetation analysis on centella plantations showed that there were 35 species of weeds identified from 20 plant families. Cyperus rotundus L. dominates the weed vegetation in centella plantations because of its high adaptability and its allelochemical exudates. To sustainably cultivate the centella, proper techniques of weed controls need to be applied by considering the nature of Cyperus rotundus L.

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