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Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture

carakatani
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Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret

ISSN : 26139456 EISSN : 25992570 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture publishes original articles, review articles, case studies and short communications on the fundamentals, applications and management of Sustainable Agriculture areas in collaboration with Indonesian Agrotechnology / Agroecotechnology Association (PAGI), Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network), and Indonesian Agricultural Higher Education Communication Forum (FKPTPI). This journal has two issues in a year and it will be published in April and October.

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Articles 485 Documents

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ANALISIS PENAWARAN JAGUNG DI JAWA TENGAH Setyowati Setyowati; Mei Tri Sundari
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 24, No 1 (2009): March
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penawaran jagung di Jawa Tengah serta untuk menganalisis tingkat kepekaan (elastisitas penawaran jagung di Jawa Tengah. Metode dasar yang digunakana dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Daerah penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja (purposive) yaitu Jawa Tengah. Sedangkan jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh nilai koefisien determinan yang telah disesuaiakan (R2) yang menunjukkan proporsi sumbangan varabel-variabel bebas yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap penawaran jagung di Jawa Tengan adalah sebesar 54,6%. Dan dari uji F diperoleh nilai F hitung (4,608) lebih besar daripada F tabel (3,48) yang berarti bahwa seluruh variabel penduga yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu luas areal panen jagung pada tahun bersangkutan, produksi jagung pada tahun sebelumnya, harga jagung pada tahun sebelumnya, harga kacang tanah pada tahun sebelumnya, harga pupuk urea serta rata-rata curah hujan selama musim tanam secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap penawaran jagung di Jawa Tengah. Hasil analisis uji t menunjukkan luas areal panen jagung pada tahun yang bersangkutan (At) dan curah hujan (Wt) berpengaruh secara nyata pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% terhadap penawaran jagung di Jawa Tengah. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai probabilitas t hitung masing-masing variabel bebas yang lebih besar dari nilai a (0,05) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Produksi jagung pada tahun sebelumnya (Qt-1), harga jagung pada tahun sebelumnya (Pt-1), harga kacang tanah pada tahun sebelumnya (Pst-1), dan harga pupuk urea (Put) memiliki probabilitas lebih besar a (0,05), hal ini berarti bahwa produksi jagung pada tahun sebelumnya (Qt-1), harga jagung pada tahun sebelumnya (Pt-1), harga kacang tanah pada tahun sebelumnya (Pst-1), dan harga pupuk urea (Put) tidak berpengaruh nyata pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% terhadap penawaran jagung di Jawa Tengah. Elastisitas penawaran jagung di Jawa Tengah dalam jangka pendek memiliki nilai elastisitas kurang dari 1 yang berarti bahwa bersifat inelastis terhadap perubahan luas areal panen jagung (At), produksi jagung tahun sebelumnya (Qt-1) dan curah hujan. Hal ini berarti bahwa persentase perubahan jumlah penawaran jagung lebih kecil daripada persentase perubahan luas areal panen jagung, produksi jagung tahun sebelumnya dan curah hujan. Dalam jangka panjang penawaran jagung bersifat elastis terhadap perubahan luas areal panen jagung dan produksi jagung tahun sebelumnya yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai elastsitas yang lebih dari satu. Hal ini berarti bahwa persentase perubahan jumlah penawaran jagung lebih besar daripada persentase perubahan luas areal panen jagung dan produksi jagung tahun sebelumnya. Sedangkan elastisitas jangka panjang penawaran jagung bersifat inelastis terhadap curah hujan. Hal ini berarti bahwa persentase perubahan jumlah penawaran jagung lebih kecil daripada persentase perubahan curah hujan.

DAMPAK KONVERSI LAHAN PERTANIAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR Umi Barokah; Suprapti Supardi; Sugiharti Mulya Handayani
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 27, No 2 (2012): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

This study aims to (1) analyzing the amount of land conversion and the factors that affect, (2) identify and analyze changes in households income structure of farm household, (3) analyze the impact of conversion on agricultural land to the income distribution, employment and welfare of farm households. The basic method on this study is descriptive analytic. Determination of the districts location is based on (1) the number of people who worked as farmers themselves, (2) the amount and type of existing industries and (3) ease of reaching the central interconnected economy. Sub-district is elected Jumantono and Jaten. Type of data used include (1) primary data is the results of interviews with farm households, (2) secondary data from relevant instances. The result showed (1) during the 12 years there is a change 0,120 ha of wet rice field function per household farmer and owned land is the only factor affecting the conversion of agricultural land; (2) the proportion of farm income reduced by 8,30% from 42% to 33,7% and the proportion of outside farm income increased 10,30% from 54% to 64,30%, (#) the results of t test analysis with α = 5% shows the employment and household income of farmers before the conversion is not the same as after the conversion of agricultural land (revenue increased to IDR 1.482 million per year).

PEMBENTUKAN VARIETAS SIRSAK UNGGUL MELALUI PEMULIAAN POLIPLOIDI: INDUKSI POLIPLOIDI TANAMAN SIRSAK DENGAN KOLKISIN Parjanto Parjanto
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 27, No 2 (2012): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Penelitian ini bertujuan membentuk sirsak unggul melalui serangkaian penelitian pemuliaan poliploidi secara bertahap; tahap pertama bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh perlakukan kolkisin terhadap fenotipe dan jumlah kromosom bibit sirsak sekaligus membentuk tanaman sirsak poliploid. Penelitian dilakukan melalui percobaan berulangan untuk menguji pengaruh perlakukan kolkisin (0,10%, 0,15%, dan kontrol/tanpa kolkisin) terhadap fenotipe bibit dan jumlah kromosom sirsak. Variabel-variabel yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan kromosom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perlakukan kolkisin 0,1 % dan 0,15 % tidak berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun pada pertumbuhan awal (vegetatif), belum terindentifikasi tanaman poliploid berdasar pengamatan fenotipe; (2) tanaman srikaya diploid mempunyai susunan kromosom (rumus kariotipe) 2n = 14 = 12 m + 2 sm atau n = 7 = 6 m + 1 m (terdiri atas 6 pasang kromosom metasentris, 1 pasang kromosom submetasentris).

Climate Change-Induced Agricultural Drought over Moist-Cool and Moist-Warm Climatic Zones: A Case Study in Ale and Adami-Tulu Woredas, in Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia Fedhasa Benti; Achalu Chimdi
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 34, No 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Frequency and intensity of drought have troubled sustainable agriculture and worsened food insecurity of Ethiopians. This study aimed to investigate climate change-induced agricultural drought over the moist-cool and moist-warm climatic zones, using historical precipitation and temperature data recorded in the crop growing months for 35 years. The changes of temperatures and precipitation were analyzed using Mann Kendall trend test. Agricultural drought indices were analyzed using R-model by withdrawing potential evapotranspiration from precipitation to determine the existing water balance. The values of drought indices were used to characterize the duration, severity, intensity and trends of agricultural drought. Results showed that the changes in maximum and minimum temperatures and precipitation were significantly stronger in the Ale Woreda (P<0.05). However, minimum temperature and precipitation in Adami-Tulu did not noticeably change. The spatial drought events occurred more widely in Ale than in Adami Tulu. The events occurred 12 and 17 times with cumulative severity indices of 41.95 and 48.22 in Ale and Adami-Tulu, respectively. Agricultural drought intensities of the two districts were labeled as “severe” and “moderate dry”, for Ale and Adami-Tulu, respectively. The intensity of drought in Ale district significantly increased (P<0.05) and that in Adami-Tulu negligibly changed. Therefore, the study explicitly showed that more changes in temperature and precipitation aggravated agricultural drought in Ale than in Adami-Tulu more intensely and it is suggested that more attention shall be paid to Ale Woreda.

An Analysis of Wheat Farming: Calculations and Perceptions Zebua, Damara Dinda Nirmalasari; Priyanto, Sony Heru; Sunaryanto, Lasmono Tri
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 34, No 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

National diversification of wheat-based food has been put into practice. Public consumption of flour-based food, such as noodles and bread, is in great demand. This study aims to determine the calculations, perceptions and attitudes of farmers towards wheat farming, considering that Indonesia is a non-wheat developing country. This qualitative descriptive research using in-depth interviews with 7 informants and observation methods was conducted in Klaten and Demak Regencies. In analyzing the data, this study used an interactive analysis model including data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results show that: 1) based on farmers' calculations, wheat farming is financially not profitable to farmers because the products harvested are not worth the expense; 2) farmers' calculations affect farmers' perceptions which shifted to negative perceptions that wheat farming is not as promising as other farming businesses. Despite the negative perceptions, wheat farming has provided a valuable experience for farmers which is shown by their pride and pleasure and 3) the majority of farmers are not interested in wheat farming, which is shown by their attitude of not being able to accept wheat farming, while other farmers behave otherwise, indicated by their willingness to recommence wheat planting testing. Further research may examine: 1) how to change the culture of rice farming into culture of wheat farming; 2) how to change subsistence rice farming into enterprise and 3) how to change rice farming as social activities to rice farming as business activities.

Water Quality and Pollution Index in Grenjeng River, Boyolali Regency, Indonesia Widodo, Tatag; Budiastuti, Maria Theresia Sri; Komariah, Komariah
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 34, No 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Grenjeng River is one of the irrigation water resources which is currently polluted by waste from industrial, livestock and domestic activities. This study aims to assess the quality and index of water pollution based on physical-chemical and biological parameters in the Grenjeng River, Boyolali Regency. Sampling of river water was carried out in dry and rainy seasons which were taken at three observation stations (upstream, middle stream and downstream). Results from laboratory analysis were compared with water quality standards according to Government Regulation No.82/2001, and quality status was based on the Pollution Index method in accordance with the attachment to Minister of Environment Decree No.115/2003. This study shows that BOD of 53-5.7 mg L-1, COD of 49-510.5 mg L-1 and total coliforms of 540-2,400,000 mLin dry season have exceeded the quality standard water classes, while in rainy season total coliforms 24,000-240,000 mLhave exceeded the standard water for all water classes. The pollution index of the river water in dry season has reached polluted to extremely polluted levels and the index of the river water in rainy season has reached moderately polluted to polluted levels. This condition shows that the practice of dumping waste into river bodies can directly affect river water quality. The irrigation water source for agricultural must comply with irrigation water quality standards so that is suitable as irrigation water for plants. Environmentally friendly approach is needed to prevent worse pollution, which is done by increasing public awareness and business actors in managing liquid waste by making the integrated wastewater treatment system.

Growth, Yield and Resistance Responses of Three Cultivars on True Seed Shallots to Twisted Disease with Salicylic Acid Application Rachmanto Bambang Wijoyo; Endang Sulistyaningsih; Arif Wibowo
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Twisted disease is one of the main diseases on shallot caused by Fusarium sp. One method to increase the resistance of shallot cultivars to the twisted disease can be performed by using True Seed Shallot (TSS) combining with a salicylic acid application. TSS is known as free pathogen. The objective of the research was to examine the effects of a salicylic acid application to the growth, yield and resistance responses of TSS on Tuktuk, Sanren and Lokananta cultivars to the twisted disease. The research was arranged in factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of two factors with three replications. The first factor included Tuktuk, Sanren and Lokananta cultivars and the second factor comprised salicylic acid applications (without salicylic acid and inoculation, without salicylic acid with inoculation, immersion treatment of salicylic acid with inoculation, spray treatment with inoculation as well as immersion and spray treatment with inoculation). The results showed that the application of salicylic acid in different treatments had the same effects on the growth, yield and resistance of TSS. An interesting result is found, in which the application of salicylic acid by immersing and spraying could reduce the incidence of twisted disease by 12.5% in TSS. Therefore, the application of salicylic acid by immersing and spraying can be one of the recommended twisted disease management.

GGE-Biplot Analysis for Soybean Varieties Suitability in an Agroforestry System based on Kayu Putih Stands Taufan Alam; Priyono Suryanto; Aprilia Ike Nurmalasari; Budiastuti Kurniasih
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 34, No 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The existence of genotype and environment (G x E) interaction causes difficulty in selecting suitable varieties of soybean in an agroforestry system based on kayu putih stands. This study aimed to determine the suitability of adaptive, stable and high yield soybean varieties in an agroforestry system based on kayu putih stands by using GGE-Biplot analysis. The experiment was conducted from May to August 2018 at Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen District, Gunung Kidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five block as replications. The first factor was soil type in Menggoran Forest Resort, consisting of Lithic Haplusterts, Vertic Haplustalfs and Ustic Endoaquerts. The second factor was soybean varieties, consisting of Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, Burangrang, Dering I, Devon I, Gema and Grobogan. The observation was carried out on seed dry weight of soybean per hectare. The data were analyzed using Combined Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with α = 5% and GGE-Biplot. Dering I was the most suitable varieties in an agroforestry system based on kayu putih stands and showed the mean of highest yield of 1.22 tons ha-1.

Similarity and Phylogenetic Analysis of Herbicide-Resistant Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Biotypes Koko Tampubolon; Fransisca Natalia Sihombing; Elseria Siburian; Yustina Sri Sulastri; Zavandri Purba; Sony Tri Septian Samosir; Syahibal Karim
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 34, No 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Molecular approach as a herbicide-resistant agent detector is an initial solution before controlling of Eleusine indica weed. This review article is aimed to obtain the basic data of similarity and phylogenetic values among herbicide-resistant E. indica biotypes. This research used a descriptive analytical method. The analysis involved 14 nucleotide sequences of herbicide-resistant E.indica biotypes obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The nucleotide alignment of herbicide-resistant E. indica biotypes was conducted with ClustaLW using the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) v. 5.05 software based on a method of neighbor-joining tree construct/test. The results showed that two nucleotides of 7,921 herbicide-resistant E. indica biotypes were homologous (sequence 1,231 and sequence 1,408). The similarity values among herbicide-resistant E. indica biotypes ranged from 0.00 to 1.19. The information of phylogenetic pattern is needed in the selection of the herbicides mode of action rotation in order to control herbicide-resistant E. indica biotypes.

The Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium on the Growth and Quality of Viola (Viola cornuta L.) Seed Production Alfa Sada Saputra; Suprihati Suprihati; Endang Pudjihartati
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Viola cornuta L. is an ornamental plant that is primarily propagated by high-quality seeds that have high demand in subtropical countries. The use of fertilizers according to recommendations results in the growth of parent plants below the standard. Furthermore, seed production is generated below 2 g per plant and the seed germination capacity is below 80%. In addition, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrients can increase the growth and seed production of the plants, including ornamental plants. The study aimed to determine the influence of P and K nutrients on growth and seed production of V. cornuta L. Research was carried out in November 2018 - January 2019 at PT. Selektani Horticulture, Ngablak, Magelang. There were seven treatments with four replications. Experiments were arranged according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Plants were grown in 5l volume-polybags. Fertilization was done by watering the planting media. Analysis of variance was performed at 95% accuracy. The study shows that P and K nutrients have a highly significant effect on height, number of flowers, number of seed per capsule, seed production and germination energy and significantly affected the number of leaves. The addition of both P and K fertilizers in the vegetative and P in the generative stage (P6) can result in the productivity of 3.28 g plant-1 and produce germination energy ≥90%. It is recommended for increasing growth and seed production.

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