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Teguh Endah Saraswati
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ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 14124092     EISSN : 24434183     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia is a chemistry journal published by Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia publishes original research articles or review articles in organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental chemistry.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 306 Documents
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Molecular Docking and Pharmacophore Analysis of Compounds from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) as Inhibitor for Dengue DEN2 NS2B/NS3 Serine Protease Neni Frimayanti; Enda Mora; Rindiyani Rindiyani
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 19, No 2 (2023): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.19.2.75234.190-196

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV). Dengue virus can enter the human body through the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a serious health problem in Indonesia. The type of dengue virus serotype most commonly found to cause infection in the human body is the DENV-2 serotype. This study aims to determine whether Ginger (Zingiber officinale) isolate compounds have potential as dengue DEN-2 NS2B/NS3 inhibitors. Samples used are compounds with IUPAC names (S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) octan-3-one (4-gingerol) and (S)-5-hydroxy-1-(3-methoxy-4-methylphenyl) decan-3-one. The method used is molecular docking and Pharmacophore using the MOE (Molecular Operating Environment) 2022.0901 software package. The results obtained based on the observed parameters of the two compounds isolated from ginger (Zingiber officinale) could be estimated as potential dengue DEN2 NS2B/NS3 inhibitors.
Efek Perbedaan Komposisi Komposit Na2FeSiO4/C Berbasis Silika Sekam Padi Terhadap Fasa dan Sifat Listriknya Agus Riyanto; Sutiarno Sutiarno; Nindya Aisah Indriyani; Wulan Warohmah; Silvi Indah Kusuma Wardani; Syafriadi Syafriadi; Pulung Karo Karo; Sri Wahyu Suciati
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 19, No 2 (2023): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.19.2.65707.140-148

Abstract

Salah satu teknik yang digunakan untukmengoptimasi sifat listrik dari Na2FeSiO4 ialah menambahkan grafit (C) sehingga menjadi komposit. Studi ini dilakukan untuk meninjau karakteristik fasa dan sifat listrik dari komposit Na2FeSiO4/C yang komposisinya bervariasi. Preparasi sampel diawali dari penyiapan Na2FeSiO4 dan dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan Na2FeSiO4/C. Na2FeSiO4 dipreparasi dari silika sekam padi, NaOH, Fe(NO3)3.H2O, dan C6H8O7.H2O menggunakan metode sol-gel diikuti dengan proses sinter pada suhu 800 ℃ selama 10 jam. Bahan baku Na2FeSiO4, grafit, dan Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) dengan variasi perbandingan massa dicampurkan dengan menambahkan n-metilpirrolidin hingga menjadi slurry, kemudian dikeringkan pada suhu 120 ℃ selama 1 jam dan menghasilkan komposit Na2FeSiO4/C. Spektrum FTIR mengindikasikan keberadaan gugus Na‒O, Fe‒O, Si‒O, dan C=C. Difraktogram mendeteksi keberadaan 4 fasa di dalam setiap sampel yaitu Na2FeSiO4, Na2SiO3, SiO2, dan grafit (C). Fasa Na2FeSiO4 memiliki puncak difraksi dengan intensitas tertinggi dibanding dengan fasa yang lainya sehingga terindikasi kuat bahwa fasa tersebut ialah fasa utama. Fasa grafit semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya komposisi grafit di dalam sampel sebagaimana terkonfirmasi dari naiknya intensitas puncak difraksi dari fasa tersebut, serta ditandai dengan menurunnya nilai transmitansi pada bilangan gelombang yang berkaitan dengan gugus C=C. Meningkatnya fasa grafit dalam Na2FeSiO4/C berpengaruh terhadap nilai penurunanenergi celah pita dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan konduktivitas listrik.
Kinetics and Thermodynamics Equilibrium of Nickel Metal Ions Sorption onto Carbon Nanofibers Irradiated by Ultrasonic Energy Alimin Alimin; La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan; La Ode Ahmad; Fahmiati Fahmiati; Darwin Ismail; Ahmad Zaeni; Muhammad Zakir Muzakkar; Intan Intan; La Agusu; Indriana Kartini; Sri Juari Santosa
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 20, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.20.1.74223.22-30

Abstract

In this work, we investigated the effects of the heavy metal initial concentration and the pH on the sorption of heavy metal ions onto carbon nanofibers using the liquid phase adsorption technique under ultrasonic energy irradiation. These data were then used to study thermodynamic aspects such as sorption capacity and energy and kinetic parameters such as kinetic model, reaction order, and rate constant of heavy metal sorption on carbon nanofibers. We found that the increase of the heavy metal (nickel) initial concentration was proportional to the amount of heavy metal adsorbed onto carbon nanofibers. The highest uptake of the heavy metal ions' amount onto carbon nanofibers in equilibrium (qe) was 244.00 mg.g-1, achieved at the pH of 8. Langmuir and Freundlich's isotherms were used to find the best-fitted isotherms model. The Langmuir isotherm best fits the sorption equilibrium of the heavy metal ions on Carbon nanofibers. Bothipseudo-first and pseudo-second orders studied the sorption and kinetic parameters of heavy metals on carbon nanofibers. The sorption kinetics model was fitted to the pseudo second-order. Based on the value of Gibbs free energy, the metal ions' sorption onto carbon nanofibers occurs spontaneously.
Sintesis Kopoli(Anetol-Stearil Akrilat-Divinilbenzena) sebagai Material Alternatif Adsorben Desi Suci Handayani; Edi Pramono; Bagus Indra Suwaji
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 20, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.20.1.77588.82-97

Abstract

Sintesis kopoli(Anetol-Stearil Akrilat-Divinilbenzena) atau KASA-DVB berhasil dilakukan melalui reaksi kopolimerisasi kationik menggunakan inisiator BF3O(C2H5)2 dan Stearil Akrilat (SA) dengan variasi 2, 4, dan 6 (b/b), pada jumlah anetol dan DVB tetap. Produk yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi gugus fungsi, struktur, morfologi, viskositas intrinsik dan sifat termalnya berturut-turut menggunakan spektroskopi Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), scanning electron microscopy dengan energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), viskometer Ostwald dan analisis thermogravimetric-differential thermal-differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DTA-DSC). Uji kinerja adsorpsi senyawa dilakukan dengan metode batch dan konsentrasi adsorbat ditentukan dengan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Data FT-IR menunjukkan hilangnya serapan gugus alil dan vinil sementara data 1H-NMR menunjukkan hilangnya H-alil dan H-vinil yang mengindikasikan KASA-DVB berhasil disintesis. Penambahan konsentrasi SA dapat meningkatkan nilai viskositas intrinsik. Analisis morfologi KASA-DVB diperoleh padatan dengan permukaan yang relatif kasar dan jumlah rongga semakin sedikit. Analisis termogram TG/DTA-DSC menunjukkan penurunan sifat termal yaitu diperoleh titik inisiasi degradasi massa yang lebih rendah. Nilai kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi diperoleh dari hasil uji kinerja adsorpsi pada waktu kontak ke-60 menit dan variasi berat SA 2%. Berdasarkan data kinerja adsorpsi, menunjukkan bahwa KASA-DVB memiliki potensi sebagai adsorben. Uji adsorpsi menunjukkan kapasitas adsorpsi terbesar adalah 23,22 (mg/g) pada KASA-DVB 2%. Synthesis of Copoly(Anethol-Styryl Acrylate-Divinylbenzene) as an Alternative Adsorbent Material. Synthesis of copoly(Anethole-Stearyl Acrylate-Divinylbenzene) or KASA-DVB was successfully carried out by a cationic copolymerization reaction using BF3O(C2H5)2 initiator and various concentrations of Stearyl Acrylate (SA) are 2, 4, and 6 wt. The resulting products were characterized by functional groups, structure, morphology, intrinsic viscosity, and thermal properties using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Ostwald Viscometer, and thermogravimetric-differential thermal-differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TG/DTA-DSC), respectively. The adsorption performance was analyzed using the batch method, and the adsorbate concentration was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The FT-IR data showed loss of allyl and vinyl groups absorption, while 1H-NMR data showed loss of H-allyl and H-vinyl, indicating that KASA-DVB was successfully synthesized. The increase in SA concentration can increase the intrinsic viscosity value. Morphological analysis of KASA-DVB obtained solid materials with a relatively rough surface and fewer cavities. Thermogram analysis of TG/DTA-DSC showed a decrease in thermal properties, which was a lower mass degradation initiation point. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained from the adsorption performance with a contact time of 60 minutes and 2% SA weight variation. The adsorption performance data shows that KASA-DVB is potent as an adsorbent. The adsorption showed that the largest adsorption capacity was 23.22 (mg/g) on KASA-DVB 2%.
Karakterisasi, Aplikasi, dan Bioaktivitas Edible Film Kitosan/Pati dengan Bahan Aktif Minyak Atsiri Sabella Vegasty; Triana Kusumaningsih; Maulidan Firdaus; Annisa Istiqomah
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 21, No 1 (2025): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.21.1.86140.1-16

Abstract

Penelitian terkait edible film kitosan telah banyak dikembangkan selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Edible film kitosan merupakan alternatif kemasan pangan yang ramah lingkungan. Kitosan dapat membentuk ikatan intermolekul dengan pati, yang membantu memperbaiki struktur dan sifat fisik film, meningkatkan kilap, transparansi, aktivitas antibakteri, dan mengurangi tingkat kebasahan campuran pelapis. Kombinasi biofilm kitosan-pati singkong merupakan kandidat kuat untuk pelapis dan pengemasan pangan. Campuran keduanya masih bersifat hidrofilik sehingga stabilitas mekanis, ketahanan air, dan perlindungan kelembaban masih jauh dari standar ideal. Penambahan minyak atsiri dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan, dan memperkuat matriks polimer antara kitosan-pati juga berpotensi meningkatkan bioaktivitas dalam edible film. Kajian ini difokuskan pada (1) Pengaruh kombinasi minyak atsiri terhadap karakteristik fisik, kimia, termal, dan mekanik edible film kitosan/pati dan (2) Pembahasan bioaktivitas edible film kitosan/pati/minyak atsiri terhadap berbagai mikroorganisme dalam pangan (3) Aplikasi edible film kitosan/pati/minyak atsiri pada produk pangan.Characterization, Application, and Bioactivity of Edible Chitosan/Starch Film with Essential Oil Active Ingredients. Research related to chitosan edible film has been widely developed over the past few years. Chitosan edible film is an environmentally friendly alternative to food packaging. Chitosan can form intermolecular bonds with starch, which helps improve the structure and physical properties of the film, increases gloss, transparency, antibacterial activity, and reduces the wetness of the coating mixture. The combination of chitosan-cassava starch biofilm is a strong candidate for food coating and packaging. The mix of both is still hydrophilic, so the mechanical stability, water resistance, and moisture protection are still far from ideal standards. The addition of essential oils can increase tensile strength, elongation and strengthen the polymer matrix between chitosan-starch, which also has the potential to increase bioactivity in edible films. This review focuses on (1) The effect of essential oil combination on the physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of chitosan/starch edible films and (2) Discussion of the bioactivity of chitosan/starch/essential oil edible films on various microorganisms in food (3) Application of edible chitosan/starch/essential oil films on food products.
Enhancement of Liberica Coffee Quality by Wet Fermentation using Bacillus subtilis Indra Lasmana Tarigan; Ericha Aulia; Heriyanti Heriyanti; Madyawati Latief; Sutrisno Sutrisno
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 20, No 2 (2024): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.20.2.74248.162-177

Abstract

Coffee is a tree species in the Rubiaceae family and Coffea genus. One way to enhance the value of coffee commodities is by using fermentation technology. Fermentation can use probiotic bacteria found in mongoose digestive tracts, creating coffee with a unique taste and aroma. Bacillus subtilis is one of these bacteria, offering an alternative to those from mongoose. This study aimed to analyze the effects of fermentation using B. subtilis bacteria on the physicochemical and sensory properties of Liberica coffee. The study method included bacteria preparation, coffee fermentation, and testing. The samples' total phenolics, flavonoids, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid contents were estimated. The analysis was performed using UV-Vis and GC-MS spectrophotometers. The results revealed that the fermentation process using B. subtilis improved the sensory and physical qualities of the fermented Liberica coffee. The total values of phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidants of the fermented Liberica coffee were higher than that of the original coffee. GC-MS analysis exhibited compounds in the fermented coffee in which the highest was N-Dodecyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)dodecanamide (C26H48F3NO2), with a retention time of 23.73 minutes and an area percentage of 18.96%. Moreover, the caffeine and chlorogenic acid of the fermented Liberica coffee was lower than that of the original coffee.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Corn Husk-Based Hydrogels Grafted with Acrylamide Ginanjar Penata Aji; Mahira Noor Syevarani Arifandi; Sperisa Distantina; Mujtahid Kaavessina
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 20, No 2 (2024): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.20.2.79274.198-205

Abstract

Corn husk waste contains cellulose, which has the potential as a raw material for hydrogel preparation. Hydrogels can be applied as water purification, diapers, and superabsorbents. This study aimed to synthesize hydrogel from corn husk cellulose grafted with acrylamide monomer using a microwave-assisted grafting method. Potassium peroxodisulfate (PPD) was used as an initiator, and the effects of acrylamide and PPD on hydrogel swelling capacity were investigated. The process involved drying and crushing corn husks into powder, then mixing the powder with acrylamide and PPD for microwave grafting to form a polymer, which was then ground into powder. The grafted polymer was combined with carrageenan to create bead gels soaked in distilled water and urea to measure swelling capacity. Results showed that swelling capacity increased with more acrylamide and decreased with more PPD. The highest swelling capacity reached 1016.16% in water and 961.6% in urea. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful grafting of acrylamide onto corn husk cellulose by detecting changes in the infrared spectrum. Based on FTIR and swelling capacity data, it was concluded that the grafting process was completed using the microwave method with PPD as the initiator.
Performance Improvement Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Mordenite Membranes for Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation Brigitta Elga Kusuma Dewi; Pranoto Pranoto; Ozi Adi Saputra; Edi Pramono
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 20, No 2 (2024): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.20.2.82146.226-237

Abstract

Improving the performance of membranes appropriate for oil-in-water separation is a global challenge. In this study, we prepared a PVDF/Mordenite (PZM) membrane and determined its properties to separate oil-in-water emulsions to address this challenge. The PVDF and PZM membranes were fabricated using the phase inversion technique and applied to separate two types of oil-in-water emulsions 1:99 (wt%), including vegetable oil and used cooking oil emulsion. PVDF polymer with DMAc solvent was added to mordenite with a concentration variation of mordenite. The addition of mordenite did not affect the increase of the β fraction on the hybrid membrane surface but could improve the membrane hydrophilicity. The addition of mordenite in the PVDF membrane has improved the characteristics of the membrane, including water flux, rejection membrane >90%, and FRR up to two times greater than a pristine PVDF membrane. Morphological analysis of the membrane confirmed an asymmetric membrane composed of finger-like and sponge-like. Combining mordenite and PVDF membrane to separate oil-in-water emulsions provides a new approach to oil wastewater treatment.
Combination of Andisol Soil-Bioball-Bacillus sp. For Cadmium Removal Application Ratna Tri Widyawati; Pranoto Pranoto; Edi Pramono
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 20, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.20.1.77891.130-137

Abstract

Industrial growth in Indonesia, especially the metal industry, has the potential to produce waste that can pollute the environment and hurt humans, animals, and plants. One of these pollutants is heavy metal cadmium (Cd). Besides that, cadmium is very toxic and will cause serious illness for humans. Bacillus sp. is a potential bacterium that can remove harmful substances so that it can be used for bioremediation. However, the ability of Bacillus sp. to absorb cadmium has not been reported. The research aims to study the effectiveness of optimal pH conditions in absorbing heavy metal cadmium. An adsorbent with composition andisol soil: bioball: Bacillus sp. 2:0:0; 1.5:1:4.3×105; 1:2:8.2×105; 0.5:3:1.21×106; and 0:4:1.58×106 (gr:piece:(cell/mL)) put into a beaker containing 100 mL of 6 ppm Cd solution with various pH 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The aerator was added at a constant speed for 60 minutes. After 60 minutes, the Cd content was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The combination of andisol, bioball, and Bacillus sp. can absorb cadmium at the optimum conditions of pH 5, with composition andisol: Bioball soil: Bacillus sp. 1.5:1:4.3×105 (g:piece:(cell/mL)), and contact time of 120 minutes with total removal of 75.6%.
Synthesis of Graphene from Pencils Graphite Via Electrochemical Exfoliation Method as a Cu-Foil Coating on the Anode-Free Lithium-Ion Battery Neka Nur Aida; Muhammad Ikhsanudin; Anif Jamaludin; Anafi Nur'aini; Eka Lutfi Septiani; Hendri Widiyandari
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 20, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.20.1.74620.31-37

Abstract

The Anode-free Li-ion Battery (AFLB) is an alternative to a new Li-ion battery model that offers high energy density at the same battery size as conventional models. Uncontrolled dendrite growth inactive the lithium deposition, resulting in decreased specific capacity, shortened lifecycle, and reduced coulombic efficiency. This work reported the utilization of graphene derived from pencil graphite for coating Cu foil as a current collector in AFLBs, to mitigate the formation of lithium dendrites and enhance battery capacity. The graphene-coated Cu foil exhibits a specific capacity of 143 mAh/g, representing a 20 mAh/g increase compared to batteries lacking a graphene coating. The coulombic efficiency of the battery with graphene coating in the charging and discharging process for three cycles is 84.53% in the 1st cycle, 101.44% in the 2nd cycle, and 98.58% in the 3rd cycle.

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