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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Seleksi Fenotipe Populasi Padi Gogo untuk Hasil Tinggi, Toleran Alumunium dan Tahan Blas di Tanah Masam Mulyaningsih, Enung Sri; Perdani, Ambar Yuswi; Indrayani, Sri; Suwarno, Suwarno
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 3 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The aims of research is to get upland rice lines with high yield, aluminum tolerance and resistance of blast. Genetic material were used 380 lines (F6) from six hybridization combination were evaluated under stress Al condition in environment endemic blast by using augmented design with five randomized block. Performance of lines at the field and level of tolerance was tested.Â The results showed that have five genetic clusters formed of 380 lines of upland rice in a test based on a quantitative character. The best cluster is cluster number 3 with lines that have characters growth vigor of plants are uniform, 50% floweringÂ days short, harvesting of early maturing, high plant medium, amount of productive tillers is high, medium on panicle length, the most number of filled grain, the lowest of empty grains, the most weight of 5 panicles and high yield potential. Aluminum Tolerant and Blast Resistant owned by almostÂ all clusters. But the lines on the cluster 3 have highest resistance to blast and Al at 96%.

Gulma Inang Virus Tungro dan Kemampuan Penularannya ke Tanaman Padi Ladja, Fausiah
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Tungro disease in rice (Oryza sativa Linn) is caused by rice tungro virus (RTV), which consists of two forms of particles, namely Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus and Rice Tungro Spherical Virus. The virus is effectively transmitted by green plant hopper (Nephotettix virescens). The alternate hosts for the virus in the paddy field are the remnant of rice shoot, weeds and wild rice. The research was conducted at green house and at Field Experiment of Virus Research Station in Lanrang South Sulawesi, during Wet Season of 2010. Total of twenty weed species dominant in the rice field were collected and were innoculated with tungro virus. Weed species capable as alternate host of tungro virus were used as source of inoculums for the four rice varieties, i.e. Inpari 7, Inpari 8, IR64, and TNI, and they were planted surrounding the rice test varieties. The experiment was laid in a randomized block design, four replicates. Result showed that among the fifteen weed species identified as alternate host, only four were capable of transmiting tungro virus to rice plant, namely Cyperus rotundus, Phyllanthus niruri, Fimbristylis miliaceae, and Eulisine indica. Tungro disease severity was positively correlated with the population of insect vector.

Reaksi Padi Hibrida Introduksi terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri dan Hubungannya dengan Hasil Gabah Sudir, Sudir; Sutaryo, Bambang
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 2 (2011): Agustus 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

A research was conducted to determine the response of introduced hybrid rice varieties to bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and its relationship to grain yields The trial was planted at the Sukamandi Experiment Station during the wet season (WS) 2008/09 and at Kuningan Experiment Station in the dry season (DS) of 2008 and WS 2008/09. Fourteen rice genotypes consisting of 9 introduced hybrid rice varieties from China, variety Code (resistant check), IR64 (susceptible check), and Intani-2 Batang Samo (hybrid checks), and Ciherang (inbred check) were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The trial at Kuningan, a BLB endemic area, was carried out with an assumption that grain yield performances of the 14 rice genotypes would be influenced by be severity of the BLB. Data from the greenhouse trial showed that reactions of the introduced hybrid rice to Xoo pathotype III varied from moderately resistant to resistant, moderately susceptible to susceptible to Xoo pathotype IV, and resistant to moderately Xoo pathotype VIII. In the field, the severity of the BLB disease ranged from 4.2% on Sembada B9 to 11.4% on WCR115 in the DS 2008, and from 4.9% on Sembada B9 to 30.4% on WCR073 in the WS 2008/09. In the DS 2008, the highest grain yield was obtained from Sembada B9 (9.79 t/ha) followed by Sembada B8 (9.6 t/ha), Sembada B3 (9.26 t/ha), and Sembada B5 (9.79 t/ha). In the WS 2008/2009, the highest grain yield was also obtained from Sembada B9 (8.85 t/ha) followed by Sembada B8 (8.80 t/ha), Sembada B3 8.63 t/ha), and Sembada B5 (7.77 t/ha). These four rice hybrids were resistant to Xoo pathotype III. The overall average rice yield in the DS, was higher than that in the WS 2008/2009, presumably as a result of the lower severity BLB disease.

Potensi Hasil Galur Harapan Padi Sawah Ultra Genjah dan Sangat Genjah Pramudyawardani, E. F.; Suprihatno, B.; Mejaya, Made J.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Breeding for high yielding rice varieties with VVEM (<90 days after sowing/ das) is considered important to increase cropping indexes in the fully irrigated farm lands. This research was aimed to evaluate the yield potential of 200 promising VVE and VE maturing rice lines. A total of 200 VVE and VE maturing rice lines and five check varieties (Ciherang, Dodokan, Inpari 1, Inpari 13, Silugonggo) were evaluated in Preliminary Yield Trial (PYT) at Sukamandi Experimental Farm using augmented design, during the dry season of 2012. The 17 lines selected from PYT along with three check varieties (Silugonggo, Inpari 13, Ciherang) were further evaluated in Advanced Yield Trial (AYT) using randomized complete block design at Sukamandi, Kuningan, Magelang and Klaten, during wet season of 2012. Of the 200 lines tested in PYT, three lines yielded significantly higher than the best check variety (Inpari 1) and 2 lines did equal to Inpari 1. A total of 155 lines were VVE (<90 das), and 45 lines were VE maturing (91-104 das). Based on yield per day, 17 lines were selected to be evaluated in AYT in WS 2012. Based on combined analyses from four locations of AYT, seven lines produced grain yield/ha and grain yield/day higher than did the best check Silugonggo (5.51 t/ha and 51.7 kg/day); there were14 lines did better than Ciherang (5.07 t/ha; 41.9 kg/day), and 13 lines yielded better than did Inpari 13 (5.27 t/ha; 46.7 kg/day). The best seven lines and lines with higher productivity per day than that of the best check, with an average yield of 5.62 t/ha up to 6.12 t/ha, with days to maturity from 87 up to 94 das, were ready to be evaluated in Multi Locational Yield Trial to meet the requirement for the release of new variety.

Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Biji Genotipe Kedelai di Berbagai Intensitas Naungan Sundari, Titik; Anggoro Susanto, Gatut Wahyu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 3 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Intensity and quality of sunlight received by plants during the reproductive period greatly influence the soybean yield and yield components. Growth and seed yield of soybean genotypes at different shade intensities were assessed through research conducted at the Research Station of Kendalpayak, Malang, in the year 2011. Three soybean varieties, namely: Pangrango, Argomulyo, and Grobogan, and twelve soybean promising lines tolerant to shade were tested on four artificial shade intensities, ie without shade (N0), shade of 25% (N1), 50% (N2), and 75% (N3). Placement of treatments in each level of shade was arranged in a randomized block design, replicated three times. Results showed that: shade treatment changed the microclimate under the shading. Shade treatment of 25%, 50%, and 75% caused different stress intensities. Shade intensity of 75% caused an increase in plant height and specific leaf area, a reduction in the number of leaves and leaf area, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) absorption rate, photosynthetic rate, leaf chlorophyll index, number of filled pods, and seed weight per plant. Number of filled pods was considered effective to be used as a basis for selecting soybean genotypes having high yield in shaded conditions. Plant height and seed weight could be used as an indicator for soybean shade tolerance. Genotype AI26-1114-8-28 and IIj9-299-1-4 were considered as shade-tolerant up to 75% shade based on the stress index tolerance value (ITC).

Morfologi Bunga dan Korelasinya terhadap Kemampuan Menyerbuk Silang Galur Mandul Jantan Padi Rumanti, Indrastuti A.; Purwoko, B. S.; Dewi, Iswari S.; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial; Satoto, Satoto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 2 (2014): Agustus 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Good male sterile lines should have high and stable sterility, as well as have good characters of flowers that enhances the outcrossing ability. Research was conducted at Sukamandi field station during DS of 2010 to study the character and flowering behaviour and their genetic variability among the new CMS lines. Five new CMS lines were tested in the field in three replicates of randomized complete block design. The results showed that CMS derived from the Wild Abortive, Kalinga and Gambiaca all were early flowering. The new CMS lines have better flower characters than that of IR58025A, including the following: bigger stigma, higher stigma exsertion percentage, wider degree of glume opening, and longer duration of glume opening. Better flowering behaviour enhanced the ability of outcrossing, and resulted in seed set obtained from CMS lines, up to 25.90%; the traditional IR58025A CMS line produced seed set of only 2.98%. The significant positive correlation was found between seed set with stigma width (r = 0.44*), with stigma exsertion (r = 0.54*); and with degree of glume opening of male sterile lines (r = 0.42*); also with filament length (r = 0.47*) and degree of glume opening of maintainer line (r = 0.57**). Those characters are important for the seed set of CMS lines in the hybrid seed production.

Perakitan Varietas Padi Adaptif pada Tanah dengan Kandungan Fosfor Suboptimum Hermanasari, Rini; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Suwarno, Suwarno; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Adaptive rice varieties on P sub-optimum condition can be used by farmer to resolve the high macro fertilizer used, these varieties should be applied on rice field with P low input. Phosphor deficiency decreasing potentiality of result, therefore needs to develop rice promising lines that adaptive with P Sub-Optimum condition. The objective of this researched is to generate rice lines that adaptive on field with P sub-optimum condition and optimum through rice lines selection on the availability of difference P condition. The materials used are two population generation of F3, IR6008023/Bernas Prima and Gampai/Progol. The researched held at experiment station Muara, Bogor and Leuwiliang, West Java,Â started from April 2012 untill December 2014. F3 generation planted on P sub-optimum condition at Muara station, until obtained F4 and F5 population generations. Population of those two generations has been selected using bulk modification method and planted on environment conditions of P optimum (36 kg ha-1Pâ‚‚Oâ‚…)Â and sub-optimum (without P fertilizer) so that generate F6 population generation. Rice lines 160 of F6 generation selected by panicle weight characteristic per hill. Those rice lines evaluated on two production environment, P optimum and P sub-optimum. Experiment on F6 generation was done using Augmented design. The result of the experiment shows that selection of bulk modification method effecive towards production environment of P optimum andÂ P sub-optimum. The potential yield of promising rice lines more gained from Pop 1 population (IR6008023/ Bernas Prima), while tolarance on P sub-optimum condition gained from Pop 2 population (Gampai/Progol). 5 promising rice lines with high yield on P sub-optimum production environment are : B1451E-PS-40, B1451E-PS-21, B1452E-PS-48, B1452E-PS-43 and B1452E-PS-8, whereas rice lines with high yield on P optimum are: B1452E-PO-13, B1451E-PO-27, B1452E-PO-45, B1451E-PS-44 and B1452E-PO-8.

Potensi Tanaman Jagung dan Sangket (Basilicum Polystachyon) sebagai Perangkap Hama Pemakan Polong Kedelai YIB, Marida Santi; Tengkano, Wedanimbi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 2 (2013): Agustus 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Soybean pod feeder, Helicoverpa armigera is a major insect pest of soybean in Indonesia, where severe attacks can reduce yield significantly. This insect has a wide range of host plants. One of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) components is using a trap crop. A study was conducted in the green house at the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI), Malang, from Januari to Februari 2011 to evaluate the potential use of musk basil plant as a trap for egg laying of the adult soybean pod feeder. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with four replications. Maize plants of 54 and 57 days old, soybean plants of 35 days old, and musk basil plants were each inoculated with two pairs of adult insects for two days at 02.00 pm. The numbers of eggs laid by the insect on the plants were recorded at two days after infestation (DAI). The results showed that maize plants of 54 or 57 days old were the most preferred host for laying eggs, followed by the musk basil plant. The pest laid 63% of the eggs on 54 days old maize plants, 34% on the 57 days old maize plants, and only 1.8% on the musk basil plant. None was found laying egg on soybean plant. The insect preferred most maize stem (39.7%) to lay eggs, on maize leaves (35.2%), cob hair (23.1%), and on cob (1.3%). On musk basil plant, 70% of the eggs were laid on the fruits and 30% on the leaves. Maize plant was the best egg trap, while musk basil plant did not have a potential as trap plant for soybean pod feeder insect.

Residual Effect of Deltamethrin Insecticide at Rice Plants Against the Parasitism Level of Anagrus Nilaparvatae Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) Meilin, Araz; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Buchori, Damayanti
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 2, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The impact of deltamethrin on natural enemies can be determined directly through contact and oral applications or indirectly through residues on plants. This research was aimed to determine the indirect impact of deltamethrin on the egg parasitoid of Anagrus nilaparvatae.Â The rice plants of Cisadane variety were infested with 10 gravid females of N. lugens. Deltamethrin was applied at two concentrations (12.5 and 6.25 ppm) and at 7, 3, 1 day and 3 hours before the parasitization. Deltamethrin residues on rice plants were decrease the number of Nilaparvata lugens, parasitoid andÂ parasitization level of A. nilaparvatae. This suggests that deltamethrin residue on rice plants could decrease the role of A. nilaparvatae in controlling N. lugens.

Perbedaan Daya Serap Hara Beberapa Varietas Unggul Padi pada Tipe Lahan Berbeda di Lahan Pasang Surut Masganti, Masganti
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Nutrient uptake capacity is an important factor for increasing rice yield. A high nutrient uptake capacity is expected to produce a high rice yield. Research was conducted at Anjir Serapat Barat Village (Land type A), and Anjir Serapat Timur Village (Land type B) in the Kapuas Timur District, Central Kalimantan, during the planting season (PS) of 2006. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with five treatments of three replications. The treatment consisted of 5 high-yielding rice varieties (IR66, IR64, Kapuas, Margasari, and Martapura) and each set was planted at two land types (Land types A and B). The variables observed were the N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptakes by rice plants. Results showed that nutrient uptake capacities of rice plants were affected by rice varieties and by land types. The highest nutrient uptake capacity was found on variety Margasari grown on Land type A, which was equal to 55.2 kg K/ha, 47.6 kg N/ha, 19.7 kg P/ha, 19.7 kg Ca/ha, and 3.11 kg Mg/ha, followed by variety Martapura grown on Land type A, which was equal to 51.8 kg K/ha, 46.1 kg N/ha, 17.9 kg Ca/ha, 17.1 kg P/ha, and 9.7 kg Mg/ha. The lowest nutrient uptake capacity was found on variety Kapuas grown on Land type B, which was equal to 21.3 kg K/ha, 17.0 kg N/ha, 5.2 kg Ca/ha, 5.0 kg P/ha, and 2.8 kg Mg/ha. Differences on nutrient uptake capacity may influence the biomass and grain yield.

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