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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,949 Documents
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Riparian Vegetation and Invasive Species in the Boyong River, Yogyakarta Eka Sulistiyowati; Dias Idha Pramesti; Abdul Rafi Hidyatulah; Asya Nur Hayati; Ilham Ikhlasul Amal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12181

Abstract

Riparian ecosystem in Boyong river represents an urban stream ecosystem exposed to multiple environmental pressures, including agricultural runoff, domestic wastewater discharge, and periodic post-eruptive material flows originating from Mount Merapi. The study was conducted through vegetation exploration and macrophyte species identification across several river segments (n sites= 3). The results revealed that the macrophyte community was predominantly composed of herbaceous and shrub species with high tolerance to environmental disturbances (the number of species =259). Native non-invasive plant species were relatively limited in number, whereas several introduced species exhibited high invasive potential within the riparian zone. These findings indicate the presence of ecological pressures that influence vegetation community structure and potentially contribute to the degradation of river ecosystem quality. This study provides preliminary ecological information on the condition of the Boyong River and highlights the importance of riparian vegetation management and invasive species control to maintain the ecological health of urban river ecosystems.
Patterns of Fulfilling Life Needs of Communities Around Mangrove Areas Cemara Beach, Lembar District, West Lombok Ziad, Muhammad Thoriq; Ichsan, Andi Chairil; Fahrussiam, Fauzan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12182

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the pattern of fulfilling the livelihood needs of communities around the mangrove area of Pantai Cemara, West Lombok, as well as to assess the economic contribution of mangroves to community income and identify supporting and inhibiting factors. The study was conducted from December to February 2026 using a descriptive method with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature studies from 30 respondents selected by purposive sampling. The results of the study show that the community has diverse patterns of fulfilling their livelihood needs, including ecotourism managers, fishermen, beach vendors, street vendors, and MSME actors with different income characteristics. The total economic turnover reaches IDR 66,200,000 per month, with the largest contribution coming from the trade and tourism services sectors (83.1%), while the direct utilization sector accounts for only 16.9%. Supporting factors include the potential of natural resources and community participation, while obstacles include dependence on weather, limited market access, and pressure from land conversion.
Innovation in Cultivation of Caulerpa racemosa Based on Used Bottles: The Effect of Diversity of Seed Weight in Gerupuk Waters Hawari, Muhammad Naufal; Cokrowati, Nunik; Syukur, Abdul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12184

Abstract

Caulerpa racemosa is a type of seaweed that is often caught in nature. The importance of cultivating Caulerpa racemosa seaweed is to reduce dependence on natural fishing, thus reducing the Caulerpa racemosa ecosystem. The study aims to analyze the growth of Caulerpa racemosa seaweed using used bottles with different seed weights. The study was conducted in April 2026 using a completely randomized design (CRD) experimental method, consisting of three seed weight treatments, namely P1 (25 g), P2 (50 g), and P3 (75 g) with three replications. Maintenance for 14 days, the parameters observed included Growth, SGR, SR, Nitrate content, Phosphate, Antioxidants, Chlorophyll-a, and Water Quality. The results showed that the best growth occurred on the 7th day, with the P3 treatment reaching a weight of 100 g. The highest SGR value was obtained by the P1 treatment at 7.99%, while the highest SR value was in P1 at 181.3%. However, on the 14th day, all treatments experienced a decrease in growth, suspected to be influenced by changes in environmental conditions. The results of the Normality Test showed that the results were not normally distributed because P3 <0.05. Meanwhile, the results of the Homogeneity Test obtained homogeneous data because the significance value was >0.05. Continued ANOVA Test obtained results that did not have a significant effect, so it was not tested further with the Duncan test. Although growth decreased in the second week, water quality during the study was still within the range that supports the cultivation of C. racemosa. These findings indicate that the use of used plastic bottles has the potential to be an inexpensive, environmentally friendly cultivation medium and supports the development of sustainable seaweed cultivation.
Diversity of High-Level Plant in Unaamenda Village, Kolaka Regency Agistiani, Agistiani; Romadani, Sofia; Amanda, Sekar Aulia; Ulfaidah, Ulfaidah; Sapriana, Sapriana; Rahiki, Rezki Septiya Ningsih; Wulandari, Prety; Maretik, Maretik
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12193

Abstract

A greater variety of plant species is essential for sustaining the balance of ecosystems and aiding community health. Nonetheless, data regarding the composition and diversity of higher plant life in Unaamenda Village, located in the Wundulako District of Kolaka Regency, remains insufficient. This study aims to identify higher plant species and analyze their diversity levels. The study employed a descriptive observation method through direct observation at three research stations using transect and sample plot techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), relative abundance (KR), evenness index (e), and dominance index (C). The results showed that the diversity index (H’) values at all stations were in the moderate category, indicating a fairly diverse and relatively stable plant community. The evenness index (e) was high, indicating an even distribution of individuals between species, while the dominance index (C) ranged from low to moderate, indicating the absence of excessively dominant species. Species with the highest relative abundance values include banana (Musa paradisiaca), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), pepper (Piper nigrum), and langsat (Lansium domesticum). Environmental conditions, such as temperature and soil pH, are within a range that supports the growth of various plant species. It was concluded that the higher plant vegetation in Unaamenda Village has a moderate level of diversity with an even and relatively stable species composition. The results of this study can serve as a basis for efforts to manage, conserve, and utilize biological resources sustainably in the region.
Phytochemical Profiling of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Seeds: A Qualitative Screening Approach Bahri, Syamsul; Merta, I Wayan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12196

Abstract

Nutmeg is a warm, aromatic spice derived from the seed of the Myristica fragrans evergreen tree, native to Indonesia's Banda Islands. It features a rich, slightly sweet flavor with hints of clove and pepper, commonly used in both baked goods and savory dishes. This study aims to profile secondary metabolites of ethanolic extracts of nutmeg seeds. Dried seeds of the nutmeg were extracted using 96% ethanol, and the resulting extract was subjected to standard phytochemical screening tests to identify major secondary metabolites. The results revealed a strong presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, indicating that these compounds are dominant constituents in the ethanolic extract. In addition, tannins and phenolic compounds were detected in smaller amounts. Conversely, saponins and steroids were undetectable in the extract. These findings indicate that ethanol is an effective solvent for extracting alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids from the seeds of the nutmeg, while its efficiency for terpenoids and saponins may be limited. The presence of these secondary metabolites supports the potential biological activity of the seeds of the nutmeg and provides a scientific basis for their further pharmacological and biological activity studies.
Antioxidant Capacity of Ethanolic Extract of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) Seeds Bahri, Syamsul; Merta, I Wayan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12197

Abstract

Nutmeg is a warm, aromatic spice derived from the seed of the Myristica fragrans evergreen tree, native to Indonesia's Banda Islands. It features a rich, slightly sweet flavor with hints of clove and pepper, commonly used in both baked goods and savory dishes. In extracting secondary metabolites of nutmeg seed, we used 96% ethanol. Antioxidant capacity of the extract was analyzed by DPPH assay (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) to analyze antioxidant activity with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. In this study, the antioxidant capacity of nutmeg seed ethanolic extract was categorized as low, with an IC50 value of 171.95 ppm.
Development Strategy for Hybrid Corn Farming on Dryland Areas in Labangka, Sumbawa Regency Azhari, Rizka; Sjah, Taslim; Hayati, Hayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12198

Abstract

Labangka District in Sumbawa Regency is a central area for hybrid maize production in West Nusa Tenggara Province; however, dryland hybrid maize farming in this region currently faces several challenges. This study aims to: (1) identify the internal and external factors affecting hybrid maize farming, and (2) formulate a development strategy for dryland hybrid maize farming in Labangka, Sumbawa Regency. A descriptive research method was employed, and data were collected through a survey utilizing interviews with 30 respondents selected via purposive sampling, consisting of 15 respondents from Suka Mulia Village and 15 from Suka Damai Village. The collected data were analyzed using SWOT analysis. The results indicate that the primary strategy for developing dryland hybrid maize farming in Labangka, Sumbawa Regency, is the WO (Weakness–Opportunities) strategy, which minimizes existing weaknesses to capture marketing opportunities. This strategy includes: (1) adopting digital technology and weather information systems to overcome information limitations and rainfall dependence, (2) participating in government-supported technical training for cultivation and integrated pest management, and (3) utilizing the People's Business Credit (KUR) scheme or government capital assistance to strengthen farmers' financial capacity.
Growth and Biomass Accumulation of Mucuna bracteata in Response to Rhizobium sp Biofertilizer Dosages as Legume Cover Crop in Oil Palm Plantation Romi Dongoran Siregar; Anna Kusumawati; Muhammad Fiqi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12200

Abstract

Effective ground-cover management in oil palm plantations is essential for limiting soil erosion, suppressing weed growth, and sustaining soil fertility. Among available options, the legume cover crop (LCC) Mucuna bracteata stands out for its fast growth rate and its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen biologically through a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium sp. This study was designed to identify the most effective dose of Rhizobium sp biofertilizer for supporting the growth and biomass accumulation of Mucuna bracteata as an LCC in oil palm plantations. It was carried out in the practice garden of Politeknik LPP Yogyakarta, located in Wedomartani, between April and June 2022, applying a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) that consisted of four treatment levels (0, 2, 8, and 15 g/polybag) with three replicates each, yielding a total of 12 experimental units. The resulting data were subjected to ANOVA, and treatment means were compared through the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance threshold. The analysis revealed that Rhizobium sp biofertilizer application had a significant effect on every parameter examined. Among the treatments, the 15 g/polybag dose (R3) delivered the highest nodulation and biomass values, with root nodule counts reaching 19.22, nodule weight of 1.93 g, fresh shoot weight of 36.97 g, dry shoot weight of 9.16 g, fresh root weight of 14.01 g, and dry root weight of 2.03 g. At seven weeks after planting, plant height (150.00 cm) and leaf count were significantly greater than the untreated control (142.00 cm; 30.56 leaves), although no significant differences were detected among the biofertilizer dose levels themselves. Taken together, these results support applying Rhizobium sp biofertilizer at 15 g/polybag to optimize the establishment of Mucuna bracteata as an LCC within oil palm nursery systems.
Isolation and Antibacterial Activity of Mangrove-Derived Streptomyces from the Mandeh Coast, West Sumatra Fatriza, Ayu Septia; Tjong, Djong Hon; Suliansyah, Irfan; Agustien, Anthoni; Marlina, Marlina; Rusfidra, Rusfidra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12208

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are recognized as potential environments for microorganisms that produce antibiotics, owing to their distinct environmental features and high levels of microbial rivalry. The objective of this research was to extract and assess the antibacterial properties of Streptomyces species sourced from the mangroves within the Mandeh coastal ecosystem in West Sumatra, Indonesia, targeting specific pathogenic bacteria. Sediment samples were collected from three mangrove locations and processed using serial dilution and spread plate methods on International Streptomyces Project 2 (ISP-2) media. Data were analyzed descriptively based on the size of the inhibition zone formed against the tested bacteria. The results showed Streptomyces-like characteristics characterized by colony morphology and Gram staining. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using a disc diffusion test against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Cutibacterium acnes. A total of seventeen isolates exhibiting typical Streptomyces characteristics were obtained. The antibacterial test showed varying inhibitory activity among the isolates against the tested pathogens. The STMMI isolate showed the strongest inhibition against MRSA with an inhibition zone of 23.61 ± 0.62 mm and also showed considerable activity against C. acnes (16.64 ± 1.12 mm). Meanwhile, the STMML isolate showed the highest inhibition against E. coli ATCC 25922 with an inhibition zone of 17.06 ± 0.63 mm. Some isolates showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, while others showed selective inhibition against certain pathogens. In conclusion, mangrove sediments from the Mandeh coastal ecosystem harbor a variety of Streptomyces with promising antibacterial potential. This study highlights the importance of Indonesian mangrove ecosystems as a potential reservoir of bioactive microorganisms for future antibiotic discovery.
Protective Effect of Dracaena angustifolia Ethanolic Extract on Sperm Viability of Mice (Mus musculus) Bahri, Syamsul; Setiadi, Dadi; Lestari, Tri Ayu; Setiawan, Heru; Hakim, Muhammad Alfianul; Cahyadi, Lalu Zidan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12220

Abstract

An antioxidant is a substance that helps protect cells in the body from damage caused by unstable molecules called free radicals. Natural antioxidants are usually better for everyday nutrition and overall wellness. Natural antioxidants that come from plants, animals, or other natural sources are generally preferred because they come with other beneficial nutrients such as fiber, vitamins, and plant compounds. Plants contain relatively high levels of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tocopherols, polyphenols, and tannins. One species of tropical plant that is rich in antioxidants is Dracaena angustifolia.  The research aims to study the capability of the ethanolic extract of Dracaena angustifolia in protecting sperm viability following cigarette exposure. Data analysis showed that tobacco smoke exposure significantly decreases sperm viability, but treatment with the ethanolic extract of Dracaena angustifolia significantly maintains sperm viability. It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of Dracaena angustifolia has potential in protecting normal sperm viability following smoking cigarette exposure.

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