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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
 39   40   41   42   43 
Growth and Graduation of Vannamei Shell Life (Litopenaeus Vannamei) with Feeding Tray (ANCO) System in AV 8 Lim Shrimp Organization (LSO) in Sumbawa District Syamsul Bahri; Dwi Mardhia; Osi Saputra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 2 (2020): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i2.1812

Abstract

Vannamei shrimp species look for lunch and dinner. These properties need to be known related to the amount of feed and frequency of feeding to be given. Because wasted feed is expensive and can reduce water quality, optimizing feeding practices is an important issue in shrimp culture management. The use of some ANCOs is intended to monitor feed consumption and estimate feed adjustments. So it is necessary to conduct research on the growth and graduation of vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) with the feeding tray (ANCO) system in Av 8 Lim Shrimp Organization (LSO) in Sumbawa Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive method, namely research based on reality and the facts of the situation as it is. The results showed that the amount of feed every week or sampling is always different, this is because the amount of feed adjusted to the addition of shrimp growth every sampling. Addition and reduction of feeding is adjusted to the results of checking feed consumption on ANCO, adding the amount of feeding is done if when checking ANCO there is no feed left. Reduction in the number of gifts is done if when checking ANCO still left feed. In the 8th sampling the amount of feed decreased to 38 kg, this was due to the first partial harvest. In the 10th sampling is the lowest amount of feeding which is 30 kg, this is due to the second partial harvest, but in the 11th sampling the number of feeding again increased so that the shrimp could grow to its maximum potential during panentotal.
Phytoplankton Diversity as Bioindicator of Pandanduri Dam Waters, East Lombok Regency Lalu Hasan Nasirudin Zohri; Agil Al Idrus; Lalu Japa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2024

Abstract

Pandanduri Dam waters has an essential function for the community made the activities of the surrounding community inseparable from the Pandanduri Dam that made potentially quality change of the Pandanduri Dam waters. Good water quality is an important requirement for humans that made water quality research is essential to be done. Human activities will affect environmental factors such as biological parameters, especially phytoplankton, which are indicators of water quality. The aim of this study was to analyzed water quality of Pandanduri Dam through study of phytoplankton community and diversity. Sample sites were determined based on haphazard sampling method and phytoplankton data were analyzed based on the shannon-weiner diversity index. The results showed that the phytoplankton community identified in Pandanduri Dam consisted of 5 classes, 13 orders, and 31 species with  species diversity index of 2,659. Based on fitoplankton diversity index value the water of  Pandanduri Dam was in lightly polluted category. It is suggested to more detailed studies should be undertaken especially on species that produce toxins over a longer time scale.
Effect of Solid and Liquid Extracts of Lombok Sargassum cristafolium on Growth and Yield of Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.) Haji Sunarpi; Aluh Nikmatullah; Anggit L. Sunarwidhi; Yogi Ambana; Bq Tri Khairina Ilhami; Sri Widyastuti; Ari Hernawan; Eka Sunarwidhi Prasedya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2048

Abstract

An exessive use of inorganic fertilizers in agriculture cultivation system causes many disadventages, such as increase cost production, reduce farmer’s income and soil fertility, and harm our environment. Therefore, it is needed to find out raw materials for development of organic biostimulant and biofertilizer inducing essential element absorption, growth and yield of plants, which are adaptive to our environment as well. Previous researchres reported that seaweed contained plant growth hormones and essential elements in liquid and solid extracts respectively. This article reports effect of solid and liquid extracts of Sargassum cristafolium on growth and yield of rice plants. The extracts were extracted according to modified procedure.. Solid extract (350 gr) of Sargassum cristafolium was mixed with soil (6650 gr) to become 7 kg soil media. Moreover, liquid extract (10%) of Sargassum cristafolium was sprayed to rice plants once a week during vegetative growth. The results shown that addition of 350 gr of solid extract to soil media increased growth (plant high, tiller number, shoot dry weight and root dry weight) and yield (penicle number and grain weight per plants) significantly compared with those of plants which were not supplied with solid extract. However, spraying liquid extract of Sargassum cristafolium did not affet significantly growth and yield of rice plants, even small change happen in growth and yield parameters of the rice plants supplied with solid extract. This indicates that solid extract is a potential source for development of biofertilizer which is adaptive to our environment to support sustainable agriculture system.
Effect of Cow Manure and Atonic on Spinach (Amaranthus spp.) Production in Dry Land Uly J Riwu Kaho; Joritha Naisanu; Karolina Satria Ida
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2057

Abstract

East Nusa Tenggara is dominated by dry land which has the potential for the development of horticultural crops. Horticultural plants that are widely cultivated by the community are spinach. However, in reality, spinach production in this province is still fluctuating, this is due to the low knowledge of farmers about providing proper nutrition for plant growth and development. For this reason, this study aims to determine the production of spinach in dry land due to cow manure and atonic application. This research was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Teachers Association 1945. The design used was a factorial randomized block design (RBD), which consisted of 2 factors: factor I: cow manure and factor II: growth stimulant (atonic). The results obtained were: The application of cow manure and atonic manure to spinach on dry land had a very significant effect on plant height (7,55 -F hitung> 4,77-F Tabel), number of leaves (10.85-F hitung> 4,77-F Tabel), fresh weight (13,98-F hitung) > 4,77-F Tabel) and dry weight (6,44 -F hitung) > 4,77 -F Tabel).
The Composition, Abundance, and Biodiversity of the Insect Family of the Hymenoptera Order on Swampy Wetlands (SW) and Land Conversion (LC) in Palembang City Riyanto Riyanto
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2068

Abstract

Urban development and population growth in the Palembang city, lowland swamps have been converted into swamps (SW) and land conversion (LC). Changes in habitat certainly have an impact on the composition, abundance, and diversity of the insect family of the Hymenoptera order. The purpose of writing this article is to inform the composition, abundance, and diversity of insect families of the Hymenoptera order in the SW and LC lands of Palembang city. This study used a survey method by exploring each research location four times. Determination of the research location using purposive sampling method with the reason to get different habitat conditions. The collection of insects is carried out in two ways, namely trapping and hands collecting. The results showed that 18 families of the Hymenoptera order, namely 4 to 7 families were found in SW land and 8 families were found in LC land. The number of individuals on SW land was 6,351 and on LC land was 2,297. The Apidae, Formicidae, Ichneumonidae, Platygastridae, Sphecidae, and Vespidae families are found in almost all fields. The total abundance index of the Hymenoptera order family in SW land (73.438%) was higher than the index of the total abundance of the Hymenoptera order family in the LC land (26.561%). The highest family abundance index was Formicidae, namely 65.101%, followed by the Vespidae family (26.237%) and the Apidae family (5.087%). The diversity index of the Hymenoptera order in the LC land had a higher value (2.741) than the diversity index in the SW field (2.165). The conclusion is that the composition of the insect family of the Hymenoptera order in LC land was higher than in SW land, but the number of individual insects in SW land was higher than in LC land. The abundance index of the Hymenoptera order in SW land was higher than that in LC land. The insect diversity index of the Hymenoptera order in LC land was higher than in SW land. It is recommended to research the role of various insect species from the Hymenoptera order in the SW land and LC land of the  Palembang city.
Formulation and Evaluation of Antioxidant Peel-Off Face Mask Containing Red Dragon Fruit Rind Extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus Haw.) Trasna Arman Jani; Aliefman Hakim; Yohanes Juliantoni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2157

Abstract

Peel-Off face mask is one of the cosmetics that is used to treat skin from free radicals. Peel-off face mask can minimize the effects of free radicals because it contains antioxidant. One of the antioxidant sources is red dragon fruit’s rind (Hylocereuspolyrhizus Haw.). The aim of this study is to obtain Peel-Off face mask of red dragon fruit’s rind extract that contains anthocyanin. Red dragon fruit’s rind was macerated by ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate and n-hexane added citric acid (4:1) solvents. TLC test used Chloroform: ethyl acetate: n-butanol (5:4:1) eluent and sprayed by AlCl3. Antioxidant activity of extract was tested using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryhidrazyl) method. Peel-Off face mask was made using PVA, HPMC, methyl paraben, propylparaben, propylenglycol, extract, ethanol 96% and aquadest. The rendemen of ethanol 96% extract was 9,476%, ethyl acetate extract was 0,783% and n-hexane extract was 0,631%. The results of TLC test showed yellow spots on the ethyl acetate and ethanol 96% extracts which indicated that extract contained flavonoids (anthocyanin). The results of antioxidant activity test showed that IC50 value of ethanol 96% extract was 189,7422 (AAI=0,2087), ethyl acetate extract was 196,9398 (AAI=0,2011), and n-hexane extract was 385,3664 (AAI=0,1027). The result of the product evaluations showed that all the formulas complied the product requirements such as the organoleptic, homogenity, pH, dispersive power and drying time. Peel-off face mask already meet the product requirements but further research is needed to test the product stability and activity.
The Effectivity of Bioactive Compounds from Montanoa hibiscifolia Benth Plants in inhibiting the Growth of Candida albicans. Askar Fardiansyah; Khotibul Umam; Wawan Sujarwo; Putu Agus Hendra Wibawa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2174

Abstract

Leucorrhoea is one of common disease in Indonesia that caused by infections of fungus Candida albicans. In dealing with this fungi, the synthetic and even an natural compound had used. Based on pre-screening data of the plants from botanical garden of Eka Karya Lipi Bali, there found apotential plant. This study aims to find the latest alternative treatment using the extract of Montanoa hiscifolia Benth plant from the collection of the "Eka Karya" LIPI Bali Botanical Garden which can inhibit fungal growth C. albicans. This research method begins with the literature skrining process using T.K Liem books and direct plant selection. After that proceed with the extraction process of 10 plant samples dose using the evaporator. The plant extracts were then tested directly on 4 types of fungi, from Eka Karya Lipi Bali’s collected.The dose used in ths study were 3%, 2%, 1% and 0.5% respectively. The final minimum dosage test was carried out using various concentrations of M. hiscifolia Benth plant extract which is the only type of best plant extract that can inhibit growth of C. albicans. Therefore, the minimum dosage test was carried out by reducing the concentration from 3 % to 0,0001 % to determine the minimum dose of extract M. hiscifolia Benth inhibiting the fungus C. albicans. This study found that at a concentration of 3 % was showed the best results for inhibition zone. On the contrary, at the concentration of 0,0001%, whereas the area of the inhibition zone was 7,2 mm and  categorized as a medium inhibitor. At the last, we were compared the dose of commercial product that oftenly used as  Leucorrhoea treatment with M. hibiscifolia benth’s bioactive and it proven the M. hibiscifolia benth  having  a hight potential in order to cope the C. albicans. Further research might as well to check it bioactive compound that specifically play important role against the C. Albican. Beside, eventually develop this plant extract into a real product in order to be used as easy as for the people who need it.
Abundance and Diversity of Diatom Class Bacillariophyceae as Bioindictaor of Pollution in the Waters of Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based Niswatul Audah; Lalu Japa; M. Yamin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2343

Abstract

Tanjung Luar is coastal water used as a waste disposal area for Fish Landing Based (FLB) activities. However, the condition of the waters with phytoplankton as a bioindicator has never been reporting. This research aims to know Bacillariophyceae in terms of abundance, diversity, and measurement of environmental pollution variables. Methods Sampling at the study location was determined by a systematic random sampling method. Data analysis Bacillariophyceae were determined using formula abundance, diversity index, and dominance index. The index of similarity of species between sample points was determined based on the Bray-Curtis Cluster Analysis. Furthermore, the results showed an abundance of Bacillaryophyceae of 322,000 individuals / L classified as low, the diversity index of Bacillariophyceae of 2.162 classified as moderate, and a dominance index of 0.138 (without dominating species). The results showed that the highest species similarity index was between sample points II and III (57.9%), and the lowest species similarity index between sample points I and II was 23.7%. Water pollution on the waters of PPI Tanjung Luar is classified as moderate pollution level and oligotrophic fertility.
Combination of Pumpkin Flour (Cucurbita moschata D.) and Carrot Flour (Daucus carota L.) on The Brightness Color of Koi Fish (Cyprinus carpio) M. Riswan Maulana; Muhammad Junaidi; Bagus Dwi Hari Setyono
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2403

Abstract

Koi fish is one of the freshwater ornamental fish that has an attractive body color, so the color disorder needs attention. The natural feed for pumpkin flour combined with carrot flour in artificial feed aims to improve the color quality of the koi fish. The study used a completely randomized design design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications so that 15 experimental units were obtained, each experimental unit contained 10 koi fish, and there were 5 treatments; P0 100% Pellets, P1 contains 90% Pellets + 3% LK Flour + TW 7%, P2 contains 90% Pellets + 4% LK Flour + 6% W Flour, P3 contains 90% Pellets + 5% LK Flour + W 5 Flour %, P4 contains 90% Pellets + 6% LK Flour + 4% W Flour. In this study, the highest increase in color value in koi fish occurred in the P4 treatment with the addition of a combination of 6% pumpkin flour and 4% carrot flour. The parameters in the study were the increase in color quality, increase in length and weight of koi fish, SR, and water quality. Observation data were analyzed using analysis of variance (AN0VA).
Andaliman (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium DC.), a Rare Endemic Plant from North Sumatra that Rich in Essential Oils and Potentially as Antioxidant and Antibacterial Nommensen Pangihutan Ompusunggu; Wahyu Irawati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 3 (2021): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2961

Abstract

Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) is one of the endemic plants originating from North Sumatra. This plant is known for its benefits as a special seasoning spice in Batak tribe community. Humans as the image of God are given the ability to conduct an investigation and development of what God has created so that science begins to develop to investigate the potential of andaliman plants in the field of health. This writing aims to determine: 1) morphological and physiological characteristics of andaliman, 2) habitat of andaliman, and 3) utilization of andaliman as antioxidant and antibacterial agent. The method of writing used in the preparation of this article is the study of literature. The results of the literature study show that the andaliman plant has a tap root, woody stems, green, odd-numbered and jagged-edged compound leaves, pale yellow flowers, pepper-shaped fruits, and shiny black or wrinkled black seeds with thick and hard seed shells. Andaliman habitat is a place with an altitude of 1200-1500 masl with an average temperature of 15-18 ̊ C and rainfall of 800-1000 mm/year and soil pH 5.5-7.6. Andaliman fruit contains 29 components of essential oils such as geranyl, cytronella, β-cytronelol, and nerol which have antioxidant activity. Andaliman fruit extract also has antibacterial activity, which inhibits the growth of microbes such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Aspergillus flavus, Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus.

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