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Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 26227398     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering
Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi, yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Teknik, Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU), Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi menerima artikel ilmiah hasil-hasil penelitian, dan eksperimen, yang mencakup pada bidang Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi, Mesin, dan ilmu yang relevan pada sektor terkait.
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Articles 230 Documents
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Potensi Boron Karbida dengan Doping Serium Oksida sebagai Material Penyerap Gelombang Radar Mahali, Muhammad Ghufron; Aritonang, Sovian; Muniarti, Riri
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.22552

Abstract

Throughout the history of warfare, the need for hard military equipment could not be replaced even in prehistoric times. Humans mostly used iron helmets or steel armor to protect the human body from attackers. In the era of World War 1, humans created tanks with thick armor and this technology is still widely used. In its development, after the Vietnam war, the need for advanced materials that can absorb radar radio waves to make military equipment undetectable by radar in the current war is very high, this can be seen in many stealth equipment programs such as the joint strikefighter, Nighthawk, Stealth Ship and many more. Departing from this motivation, further discussion is needed about radar-absorbing materials in this case cerium oxide into boron carbide as a material that is not only super hard but also stealth. In this journal, several literatures are processed to hypothesize whether the doping technique of the two materials will become a promising advanced military material without reducing its strength for further experiments. After the literature study, it can be concluded that there are still additional materials to create super hard and stealth materials such as carbon nanofiber.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Pertanian Di Indonesia Sebagai Biomaterial Nitroselulosa Untuk Propelan Guna Mendukung Industri Amunisi Aziz, Sultan; Aritonang, Sovian
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.22774

Abstract

Propellant production is one of the priority programs in the development of the Indonesia defense industry. One of the main components in double-base propellant is nitrocellulose, which currently relies on imports. With the increasing demand for nitrocellulose, it is crucial for Indonesia to achieve self-sufficiency in its production to support the defense industry. This study aims to identify the potential of agricultural waste as a raw material source for nitrocellulose. The method used is a literature review (meta-analysis) of various references discussing agricultural waste that has the potential to produce nitrocellulose. The results show that several agricultural wastes, such as sago fiber waste, commercial pulp, ramie fiber, Water Hyacinth, and beema bamboo have high cellulose content and potential to be used as raw materials for nitrocellulose. Further research is needed to maximize the nitrocellulose yield from agricultural waste, thus supporting self-sufficiency in propellant production in Indonesia.  
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Kalsium Karbonat Presipitat dari Limbah Cangkang Telur melalui Metode Karbonasi Sekaringgalih, Ratri; Laili Rachmah, Alif Nur; Raharjo, Sonya Hakim; ., Ansori
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.24583

Abstract

Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) is a synthetic form of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) with a dominant calcite crystal structure, widely used in various industrial applications such as fillers in the paper, plastic, paint, and pharmaceutical industries. This study aims to synthesize PCC from chicken eggshell waste through the carbonation method and determine the optimum conditions based on variations in sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) concentration and carbonation time.The synthesis process begins with a reaction between eggshell powder and H₂SO₄ solution to produce calcium sulfate (CaSO₄), which is then converted into a Ca(OH)₂ solution through dissolution and precipitation. This solution is subsequently carbonated using CO₂ gas to produce PCC precipitate. Variations in H₂SO₄ concentration used were 1 M, 1.5 M, and 2 M, while the carbonation times were 60, 75, and 90 minutes. The synthesized PCC was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).Based on the analysis results, the optimum condition was achieved at 2 M H₂SO₄ concentration and 90 minutes of carbonation. Under these conditions, XRD analysis showed a diffraction pattern characteristic of calcite as the dominant crystal form, while FTIR analysis exhibited sharp absorption peaks of the carbonate group (CO₃²⁻) in the range of 1400–870 cm⁻¹, indicating a high CaCO₃ content in the sample. XRF analysis confirmed a calcium content of 89.88% in the resulting PCC product. These results demonstrate that chicken eggshell waste has great potential as an environmentally friendly alternative raw material for the production of PCC using the carbonation method.Keywords: Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC), eggshell, carbonation method, H₂SO₄
Pengaruh Variasi Cairan Pendingin terhadap Keausan Pahat HSS dan Struktur Mikro Pembubutan Baja ST 42 Prakosa, Gilang Satria; Mufarida, Nely Ana; Bahri, Mokh Hairul
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.25091

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect to coolant variation on the wear level of High Speed Steel (HSS) cutting tools and the microstructural changes after the turning process of ST 42 steel. An experimental method was employed using a conventional lathe. The coolant variations used include: 30% coolant with 70% water, 50% coolant with 50% water, 100% water and dry cutting (no coolant). The cutting parameters were set at a spindle speed of 382 rpm, cutting speed of 30 m/min, feed rate of 0.03 mm/min and depth of cut 1 mm. Tool wear was measured using a caliper and microstructural analysis was conducted using an optical microscope. The result showed that the 50% coolant with 50% water mixture yielded the lowest tool wear (0.2 mm), while the absence of coolant resulted in the highest wear (0.73 mm). Microstructural analysis also indicated that balance coolant mixture was more effective in maintenance the tool’s microstructure. The use of coolant effectively reduced tool wear and preserved machining quality during the turning process.
Efektivitas EMI Shielding: Komparasi Kopolimer dengan Partikel Logam dan Aluminium untuk Perlindungan Satelit Militer dari Gangguan Sinyal Sinaga, Farhan Syaifullah; Aritonang, Sovian
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.24710

Abstract

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a serious threat to the stability and security of military satellites that play an important role in communication, surveillance, and reconnaissance. However, there are various threats such as EMI that can cause damage to electronic devices and disrupt data transmission. Aluminum has long been used as an EMI shielding material due to its good conductivity and relatively low cost, but its effectiveness decreases at high frequencies, making it less ideal for applications that require shielding over a wide frequency spectrum. This study evaluates the effectiveness of copolymers with conductive fillers (such as MXene and Carbon Nanotubes) and metal particles (nickel and copper) compared to aluminum as EMI shielding materials in military satellite applications. Tests were carried out in the frequency range of 0.1 to 3 GHz using the anechoic chamber method and using a vector network analyzer (VNA) to measure transmission and reflection parameters. The results showed that copolymers with conductive fillers achieved Shielding Effectiveness (SE) of 30–50 dB at high frequencies, while metal particles such as nickel and copper showed SE of 40–60 dB at low to mid frequencies, while aluminum had SE of up to 70 dB but limited to low frequencies. Copolymers with metal particles, especially with MXene fillers, provide optimal performance over a wide frequency spectrum with additional advantages of lighter weight and good corrosion resistance. These findings demonstrate the potential of copolymers with conductive fillers as more effective and efficient EMI shielding materials for military satellite applications in space environments, with the ability to shield high and low frequency spectrums comprehensively.
Analisa Perbandingan Kekuatan Material Pada Anchor Bolt Untuk Perbaikan Pondasi Chimney Boiler Takuma N 1000 Kapasitas 35 Ton Uap/Jam Tanjung, Muhammad Ridho Yullah; Supriadi, Supriadi; Abdilah, Tomi
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.23811

Abstract

A steam boiler is an energy conversion machine to change water into steam by heating. To produce steam, water is heated by burning fuel in the steam boiler combustion chamber. The process of burning the shells and fibers as fuel for a steam boiler produces smoke so that the fuel combustion process is not disturbed by the smoke and the hot air is channeled into the chimney and comes out as free air. Specifications for chimneys at PT palm oil mills. XYZ is 26 meters high, 2.1 meters in diameter, and made of steel plate. Gradually, the chimney experienced corrosion due to the age of the material, so the author conducted research for preventive maintenance measures without having to dismantle the entire chimney foundation by connecting anchor bolts. This type of research is qualitative experimental research by carrying out tensile strength tests of Steel BJTP280  anchor bolts in the metal laboratory at the University of North Sumatra. The anchor bolt material is steel with a diameter of 21 mm and a length of 404 mm. There are 9 anchor bolt workpiece specimens with the following details: 3 anchor bolts without welding treatment, 3 anchor bolts with welding treatment, and 3 anchor bolts using stiffener. From the results of the tensile test, the strength of the anchor bolt material without welding treatment was obtained with a maximum force of 180 kN with a yield stress of 443.30 Mpa and a strain of 27%. Meanwhile, the anchor bolt material was welded with a maximum force of 175 kN with a yield stress of 331.63 Mpa and a strain of 8.5%. And for anchor bolt material with Stiffener treatment with a maximum force of 183 kN with a yield stress of 336.26 Mpa and a strain of 13.5%. In conclusion, of the 9 test objects carried out by the anchor bolt tensile test, the strongest was the specimen with Stiffener treatment.
Iot-Based Real-Time Monitoring System For Enhancing Shrimp Pond Management: A Case Study In Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia Umurani, Khairul; ., Rahmatullah; Asfiati, Sri; Nasution, Arya Rudi; Putera, Tondi Amirsyah; Saputra, Andrea
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.24543

Abstract

Monitoring shrimp ponds involves observing and measuring key environmental factors that influence shrimp health and growth. This study was conducted at a shrimp pond on Jalan Paluh Merbau, Tj. Rejo, Kec. Percut Sei Tuan, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Traditionally, air humidity and water temperature are monitored manually by taking water samples for laboratory analysis or using litmus paper. These conventional methods are time-consuming and prone to inaccuracies, potentially compromising shrimp health. To address these challenges, this research implemented an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system to automate the measurement of air humidity and water temperature. The system utilizes DHT11 and DS18b20 sensors, integrated with an ESP32 module, to continuously collect data and automatically transmit it to Google Sheets for real-time monitoring. This IoT approach enables shrimp farmers to easily track water quality parameters, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of pond management. A two-day testing phase demonstrated stable environmental conditions, with humidity levels recorded at 86.5% to 87.78% and water temperatures ranging from 27.55°C to 28.06°C. These readings were within the ideal thresholds for optimal shrimp growth, showcasing the system's effectiveness in maintaining suitable pond conditions. This research will contribute significantly to more efficient, accurate, and sustainable shrimp farming practices.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Natrium Benzoat dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Waktu Respon Lakmus Organik Ekstrak Bunga Telang Hasyimiyyah, Amany; Kusumantoro, Heribertus Rudi; Pratama, Yoga Putra
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.24759

Abstract

The butterfly pea flower contains anthocyanins that function as natural pH indicators but are prone to fungal growth. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sodium benzoate concentration and storage duration on the response time of bio litmus paper made from butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) flower extract. Sodium benzoate was added as an antifungal agent at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Samples were stored for 0, 7, and 14 days, then tested for response time and fungal contamination. Results showed that only samples without sodium benzoate exhibited fungal growth after 14 days. Storage for 7–14 days improved response time efficiency. ANOVA analysis indicated that sodium benzoate concentration, storage duration, and their interaction significantly affected response time. This study demonstrates that sodium benzoate addition and proper storage can enhance the effectiveness and stability of butterfly pea-based bio litmus paper as a natural pH indicator.
Optimasi Fe-S Pada Residu Leaching Emas dengan Flotasi Powder Lime dan Lime Milk Suratinoyo, Zahna Allya Zulfa; Amalia, Yasmina; Probowati, Dyah
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.25790

Abstract

Gold processing using the leaching method can produce large amounts of residue that often contain iron (Fe) and sulphur (S). This residue has the potential to become hazardous waste if not managed properly, as the sulphide content can cause acid mine drainage and environmental contamination. The Fe-S content has potential as an additive in the construction industry, such as in asphalt and concrete mixtures. One method that can be used to separate and reuse the Fe-S components from leaching residues is flotation. This study was conducted quantitatively through laboratory experiments. The reagents used in this study were PAX (Potassium Amyl Xanthate) as a collector, MIBC (Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol) as a frother, and CuSO₄ and lime as modifiers. The lime used was powder lime (lime powder) and lime milk (dissolved lime). The objective of this study was to determine the influence of powder lime and lime milk variables in the flotation process of gold leaching residues, as well as to determine the optimal use of lime in terms of economic efficiency. The results obtained from this study indicate that flotation using powdered lime is more economical, with a lime cost of Rp165.60 per kg of feed, yielding an Fe content of 38.9% and an S content of 49.1%. Furthermore, the Fe recovery rate was 77.5% and the S recovery rate was 80.1%.
Dampak Variasi Torsi Alternator terhadap Kinerja Inverter dan Kualitas Daya Fajar, Aidil; Harahap, Partaonan; Oktrialdi, Benny; Amirrudin, Arfis
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 8, No 2: JULI 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v8i2.25557

Abstract

The alternator is a crucial component in electrical systems that functions to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The torque applied to the alternator shaft significantly affects its performance. This study investigates the impact of torque variations on the performance of an inverter that receives power supply from the alternator. An experimental method was employed to test the alternator-inverter system under varying loads. The measured data includes voltage and current at the inverter output, as well as different torque levels used to drive the inverter. The results indicate that low torque produces unstable DC voltage. In the tests, the alternator drive operated at a speed of 1057 RPM, an angular velocity of 110.5 rad/s, and a torque of 9.049 Nm, resulting in the inverter being unable to provide ideal AC output. Conversely, higher and stable torque allows the inverter to generate AC voltage with a constant frequency close to its nominal value. These findings emphasize that the alternator's torque directly influences the stability and efficiency of the inverter. The main conclusion of this research is that the quality of power produced by the inverter is significantly affected by the stability of the alternator's torque, with the alternator output power being 1000 Watts and an efficiency of 90% or 0.9. Therefore, torque control is a critical component in the design of power supply systems reliant on alternators.  

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