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Yopi Andry Lesnussa, S.Si., M.Si
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yopi_a_lesnussa@yahoo.com
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Redaksi BAREKENG: Jurnal ilmu matematika dan terapan, Ex. UT Building, 2nd Floor, Mathematic Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Pattimura Jln. Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Unpatti, Poka - Ambon 97233, Provinsi Maluku, Indonesia Website: https://ojs3.unpatti.ac.id/index.php/barekeng/ Contact us : +62 85243358669 (Yopi) e-mail: barekeng.math@yahoo.com
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Kota ambon,
Maluku
INDONESIA
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 19787227     EISSN : 26153017     DOI : https://search.crossref.org/?q=barekeng
BAREKENG: Jurnal ilmu Matematika dan Terapan is one of the scientific publication media, which publish the article related to the result of research or study in the field of Pure Mathematics and Applied Mathematics. Focus and scope of BAREKENG: Jurnal ilmu Matematika dan Terapan, as follows: - Pure Mathematics (analysis, algebra & number theory), - Applied Mathematics (Fuzzy, Artificial Neural Network, Mathematics Modeling & Simulation, Control & Optimization, Ethno-mathematics, etc.), - Statistics, - Actuarial Science, - Logic, - Geometry & Topology, - Numerical Analysis, - Mathematic Computation and - Mathematics Education. The meaning word of "BAREKENG" is one of the words from Moluccas language which means "Counting" or "Calculating". Counting is one of the main and fundamental activities in the field of Mathematics. Therefore we tried to promote the word "Barekeng" as the name of our scientific journal also to promote the culture of the Maluku Area. BAREKENG: Jurnal ilmu Matematika dan Terapan is published four (4) times a year in March, June, September and December, since 2020 and each issue consists of 15 articles. The first published since 2007 in printed version (p-ISSN: 1978-7227) and then in 2018 BAREKENG journal has published in online version (e-ISSN: 2615-3017) on website: (https://ojs3.unpatti.ac.id/index.php/barekeng/). This journal system is currently using OJS3.1.1.4 from PKP. BAREKENG: Jurnal ilmu Matematika dan Terapan has been nationally accredited at Level 3 (SINTA 3) since December 2018, based on the Direktur Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi, Republik Indonesia, with Decree No. : 34 / E / KPT / 2018. In 2019, BAREKENG: Jurnal ilmu Matematika dan Terapan has been re-accredited by Direktur Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi, Republik Indonesia and accredited in level 3 (SINTA 3), with Decree No.: 29 / E / KPT / 2019. BAREKENG: Jurnal ilmu Matematika dan Terapan was published by: Mathematics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Pattimura Website: http://matematika.fmipa.unpatti.ac.id
Articles 1,248 Documents
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER QUALITY AWARENESS AND DRINKING WATER CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR (CASE STUDY: MAJENE CITY AND CAMPALAGIAN VILLAGE, WEST SULAWESI) Musafira, Musafira; Syahrir, Nur Hilal A.; Rahayu, Putri Indi
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1933-1944

Abstract

The declining quality of drinking water sources due to contamination poses significant health risks, particularly in rural areas where public awareness about water quality and its impact on health is often limited. In Majene City and Campalagian Village, West Sulawesi, drinking water is predominantly sourced from wells and springs, but these sources have shown elevated levels of pollutants, such as manganese and coliforms, exceeding government standards. This study explores the relationship between water quality awareness and drinking water consumption behavior in these regions using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Data were collected through household surveys and laboratory testing of water samples, focusing on physical, chemical, and biological parameters. SEM-PLS was employed for its ability to analyze latent variables and handle small sample sizes effectively. Results reveal that water quality awareness explains 78.6% of the variance in drinking water consumption behavior (R² = 0.786), with key indicators such as knowledge of water quality standards and contamination risks strongly predicting positive behavioral changes. Hypothesis testing confirmed a significant positive relationship (path coefficient = 0.887, p < 0.001), underscoring the importance of awareness in promoting healthy consumption behaviors. These findings highlight the need for targeted public education campaigns and policy interventions to improve water quality awareness and consumption practices. The study also contributes to the growing application of SEM-PLS in environmental and public health research, offering insights into the complex interplay between awareness and behavior. Future research should consider integrating socio-economic and cultural factors to develop a more holistic understanding of drinking water consumption patterns.
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF PREDATOR-PREY MODEL WITH CANNIBALISM INTERVENTION AND DISEASE INFECTION IN PREY USING HOLLING TYPE II RESPONSE FUNCTION Fardinah, Fardinah; Hikmah, Hikmah; Abubakar, Rahmah; Qadrini, Laila; Haris, Haris; Salsabilah, Nadia
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1945-1956

Abstract

This study discusses the intervention of cannibalism and disease spread with Holling Type II response function in the predator-prey model. It is assumed that disease infection is limited to the prey population and cannot be cured so that in this model there are three subpopulations namely susceptible prey, infected prey and predators. In addition, there is cannibalism in the predator population. The objectives of this study include constructing a predator-prey model with cannibalism intervention and disease infection in prey using Holling Type II response function, identifying the stability of the equilibrium point of the model and interpreting the model based on simulation results. Analysis of the stability of the equilibrium point is carried out with a linearization approach and the Routh-Hurwitz criterion was used to determine equilibrium stability. Based on the stability analysis, 5 (five) equilibrium points are obtained, namely population extinction, susceptible prey exists, predator extinction, infected prey extinction and population exists where the population extinction equilibrium point is unstable and the other equilibrium points are stable with the certain conditions. From the simulation, it is obtained that the numerical results are in accordance with the analytical results of the stability analysis of the equilibrium point of the model and for infinite time, there will be no population extinction while the state of susceptible prey exists, predator extinction, infected prey extinction and population exists can occur if the stability conditions are met. Based on the numerical simulations, it was found that changes in the parameter values of the rate of change of susceptible prey to infected prey and the coefficient of predator cannibalism in day-1 can cause changes in the type of stability of the equilibrium point. Thus, rate of change susceptible prey to infected prey and the coefficient of predator cannibalism affects the population of prey and predator.
APPLICATION OF GPU-CUDA PARALLEL COMPUTING TO THE SMITH-WATERMAN ALGORITHM TO DETECT MUSIC PLAGIARISM Gormantara, Alfredo; Tangdililing, Ferdianto; Sumarta, Sean Coonery
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1725-1736

Abstract

This study introduces the Smith-Waterman algorithm because the advantage of this algorithm is that it can determine the similarity from any position that corresponds to music plagiarism, considering that song similarities can occur in any part of a song. Plagiarism detection can be done by comparing the melody notes of 2 songs to determine whether or not there are similarities. Songs that are identified as plagiarism have similar melodies of 8 bars. However, the Smith-Waterman algorithm has a weakness, namely that the speed of this algorithm is relatively slow, so parallel computing is required to speed up the detection process. Parallel computing relies on the capabilities of multi-core GPUs that can be programmed using CUDA. Therefore, the innovation raised in this study is to speed up the computing process in detecting music plagiarism by applying parallel computing to the Smith-Waterman algorithm. The methodology stages begin with melody extraction, namely taking the song melody from the MIDI file along with the melody's tempo in the MIDI file and then transposing it to the basic tone of C. The study's results showed that using the GPU can speed up the execution time by up to 5.7 times compared to using the CPU. In addition, validation was carried out with real music plagiarism cases and validation of the results using the MIPPIA website. This shows that parallel computing has been successfully applied to the Smith-Waterman algorithm in detecting music plagiarism.
APPLICATION OF THE SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE, LIGHT GRADIENT BOOSTING MACHINE, ADAPTIVE BOOSTING, AND HYBRID ADABOOST-SVM MODEL ON CUSTOMERS CHURN DATA Elena, Felice; Irawan, Robyn; Yong, Benny
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1957-1972

Abstract

A service provider is a business that provides services or the expertise of an individual in a certain sector. A service provider’s customer flow could be very dynamic, with both new and churning customers. For the purpose of minimizing the number of churning customers, the company should perform a customer churn analysis. Customer churn analysis is the process of identifying a pattern or trend in churning customers. In order to classify and predict churning customers, machine learning techniques are required to build the classifier model. This paper will use the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and hybrid Adaptive Boosting-SVM (AdaBoost-SVM) model. The hybrid AdaBoost-SVM model is a boosting model which uses SVM as its basis classifier instead of a decision tree. The models will be implemented using airlines and telecommunication customers churn data. The usage of oversampling technique is required to balance the number of observations in both classes of training data. Furthermore, a model comparison will be conducted using the F1-Score and the AUC score as the evaluation metric. The analysis shows that LightGBM performs the best result in both dataset with the highest F1-Score and the shortest computational time. In addition, the boosting model AdaBoost-SVM has a better performance than the SVM model due to the boosting algorithm which always minimizes the model error in each iteration. Despite having a better result, AdaBoost-SVM performs in the longest computational time, making it computationally expensive for large datasets. Additionally, the imbalanced nature of the datasets presents challenges in model performance, requiring the application of oversampling techniques to mitigate bias towards the majority class. In conclusion, LightGBM is the best model to classify churning customers based on the higher F1-Score, AUC score, and the shortest computational time.
COMPARISON OF EXPONENTIALLY WEIGHTED MOVING AVERAGE CONTROL CHART WITH HOMOGENEOUSLY WEIGHTED MOVING AVERAGE CONTROL CHARTS AND ITS APPLICATION Herdiani, Erna Tri; Mustabsyirah, Mustabsyirah
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp2243-2262

Abstract

The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) control chart is a widely used memory-type control chart known for detecting small shifts in process means. The recently developed Homogeneously Weighted Moving Average (HWMA) control chart modifies the weighting scheme of EWMA, giving more weight to the latest data and distributing smaller weights evenly to past data to further improve sensitivity. This paper compares the performance of EWMA and HWMA control charts on an iron pipe production process dataset. The methodology involves a two-phase analysis: Phase I for establishing in-control process limits (with normality testing, parameter estimation, and determination of optimal smoothing weights) and Phase II for monitoring new data using the established charts. The performance of each chart is evaluated using the Average Run Length (ARL) metric – specifically, the ability to quickly detect small shifts (ARL₁) while maintaining a low false alarm rate (ARL₀). The results indicate that the HWMA chart consistently achieves a smaller ARL₁ than the EWMA chart for small mean shifts without sacrificing in-control ARL, implying higher sensitivity to subtle process changes. Consequently, the HWMA control chart can detect small deviations in the iron pipe length more rapidly than the EWMA chart. These findings align with recent literature and demonstrate practical significance for quality control: the HWMA chart would enable earlier detection of process issues, allowing for quicker corrective actions in manufacturing. We conclude that the HWMA control chart outperforms the EWMA chart in this application, and we recommend its use for processes where small shifts in the mean are of critical concern. Additionally, we suggest further validation through Monte Carlo simulation and comparisons with other control chart methods (such as CUSUM or extended EWMA variants) to reinforce these conclusions for broader contexts.
COMPARISON OF LEAST SQUARE SPLINE AND ARIMA MODELS FOR PREDICTING INDONESIA COMPOSITE INDEX Fitriyah, Any Tsalasatul; Chamidah, Nur; Saifudin, Toha
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp2169-2178

Abstract

The Indonesian Composite Index (ICI) reflects Indonesia's economic growth. ICI predictions are significant considerations for investors when making investment decisions. Two approaches can be used to predict ICI: parametric and nonparametric approaches. Therefore, this study compares parametric and nonparametric approaches to predict ICI. In its application, the parametric approach requires several assumptions to be met, such as linearity. This differs from analysis with a nonparametric approach that does not require certain assumptions. The parametric approach in this study uses the ARIMA model. ARIMA is widely used to predict time series data. In the nonparametric approach, in this study, we used nonparametric regression based on the least square spline. Spline is chosen because it can handle data that tends to fluctuate by placing knot points when data changes occur. In this study, ICI monthly data obtained from the website investing.com was used. Investing.com is a website that financial analysts often use as a data source to monitor world economic conditions, including the ICI. The Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value is determined to assess the accuracy of the prediction. The study results indicate that the analysis with ARIMA cannot meet the assumptions, so ARIMA modeling cannot be continued. Different results were obtained in nonparametric regression modeling based on the least square spline estimator. Prediction of ICI using nonparametric regression based on the least square spline estimator has a MAPE value of 2.613% (less than 10%), which means the model is a highly accurate prediction, meaning modeling using nonparametric regression based on the least square spline estimator is better than the ARIMA model for predicting ICI.
SECURING INFORMATION CONFIDENTIALITY: A MATHEMATICAL APPROACH TO DETECTING CHEATING IN ASMUTH-BLOOM SECRET SHARING Darmawan, Azhar Janjang; Guritman, Sugi; Jaharuddin, Jaharuddin
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1989-2002

Abstract

The Secret Sharing Scheme (SSS) based on the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) is a crucial method for safeguarding confidential information. However, this scheme is vulnerable to collaborative cheating involving multiple participants. This study aims to modify the Asmuth-Bloom scheme by introducing two detection mechanisms: Threshold Range Detection and Detection Parameter Verification, to identify and prevent collaborative fraudulent activities. The research design is based on mathematical algorithms and tests the effectiveness of detection against predetermined cheating scenarios using structured parameters. The results indicate that the proposed modifications can accurately detect the manipulation of secret fragments, even in cases involving participant collusion. This robustness is achieved through the mathematical structure of the CRT, which enables the detection of inconsistencies during the secret reconstruction process. In addition to maintaining the efficiency of the original Asmuth-Bloom scheme, these modifications enhance the reliability of the scheme in protecting sensitive data. The study concludes that the implementation of dual detection mechanisms significantly strengthens the security of the SSS, particularly in applications prone to dishonest participant collaboration. Future research is recommended to explore computational efficiency and the implementation of this scheme in real-world environments, such as financial systems and blockchain technology.
APPLICATION OF MAMDANI FUZZY LOGIC IN REFRIGERATOR SELECTION Oktarina, Anisa Dwi; Abadi, Agus Maman; Hamdi, Syukrul
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1681-1698

Abstract

Refrigerators are essential household appliances that preserve food freshness and optimize storage efficiency. Selecting a refrigerator requires careful consideration of factors such as price, capacity, and electricity consumption. This research applies the Mamdani-type Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) to recommend refrigerators based on these three criteria. Using a dataset of 82 refrigerator brands, this study implements fuzzification, rule formation, inference, and defuzzification, supported by MATLAB software. The results indicate that refrigerators with a normal price, medium capacity, and low power consumption are the most suitable choices. Based on the dataset, the Aqua AQR-415IM model meets these criteria. While this study confirms the effectiveness of fuzzy logic in structured decision-making, it does not quantitatively measure efficiency. Future research should explore alternative fuzzy logic methods, incorporate additional input variables, and consider demographic factors to enhance recommendation accuracy. Additionally, the Mamdani method can be adapted for broader applications in selecting other electronic products, contributing to both practical consumer guidance and theoretical advancements in fuzzy logic-based decision support systems.
THE SHOELACE ALGORITHM IN ENGINEERING: PYTHON APPLICATIONS FOR AREA AND INERTIAL ANALYSIS Dumka, Pankaj; Mishra, Dhananjay R.
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1637-1648

Abstract

The Shoelace Method is a classic mathematical formula for the determination of the area of polygons. This method is based on the vertex coordinates of a polygon and has significant applications in science and engineering. This article explores the method's extension to calculate the centroids and moments of inertia of plane shapes, which is essential for structural and mechanical analysis. By executing these calculations in Python programming, the study shows the method's practicality and flexibility for modern engineering tasks. The article introduces a Python-based structure using libraries like NumPy, Shapely, and Matplotlib for enabling efficient computational modelling and visualization. Through example problems, the versatility of the Shoelace Method in solving real-world engineering shapes is showcased.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF SMOKING BEHAVIOR: TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OPTIMAL CONTROL Noersena, Ananda; Fatmawati, Fatmawati; Alfiniyah, Cicik; Abidemi, Afeez
BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Vol 19 No 3 (2025): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Publisher : PATTIMURA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp2003-2016

Abstract

Smoking remains a critical global public health challenge, with both traditional tobacco use and the rising prevalence of e-cigarettes contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. This study introduces a novel mathematical model that captures the dynamics of smoking behavior by explicitly integrating two smoker populations: traditional tobacco users and e-cigarette users. The model incorporates optimal control strategies aimed at prevention, via public health campaigns, and cessation, through smoking cessation treatments. The smoking model without control has two basic reproduction numbers for tobacco smokers and e-cigarette smokers, and . The extinction smoker’s equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if and . The extinction tobacco smokers equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if and . The endemic equilibrium tends to be asymptotically stable whenever and . Simulations demonstrate that implementing control strategies significantly reduces smoking prevalence, with the combined two strategies achieving the most substantial reduction.

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