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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,956 Documents
 187   188   189   190   191 
Study of Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitor from Tithonia diversifolia: In Vitro, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology, and Molecular Docking Alfarado, Daniel; Shiyan, Shaum; Ferlinahayati, Ferlinahayati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.103111

Abstract

The kipahit plant (Tithonia diversifolia) is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases, particularly diabetes. Investigating the bioactive compounds of T. diversifolia as α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors is very promising to be carried out for antidiabetic drug development. A combination of in vitro and in silico studies was conducted to determine the inhibitory interaction of these compounds. In vitro assay was performed using the spectrophotometry method on methanol extracts and revealed that the stems (IC50 = 105.0 ppm) exhibited higher bioactivity than the leaves (IC50 > 500 ppm). Metabolite profiling of the methanol extract of the T. diversifolia stems revealed 94 compounds, which continued for in silico methods (pharmacokinetics and toxicology, followed by molecular docking with flexible-rigid method) for antidiabetic activity and drug-likeness parameters. Among the identified compounds, eight showed promise as drug candidates for inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme. The compound 1-(7-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-2H-chromen-6-yl)ethanone was the most effective candidate among the eight candidates, based on its high similarity liked positive control, the lowest binding affinity value (−7.739 kcal/mol), and the inhibition constant (97.0 μM). The research findings suggested that the compounds in T. diversifolia had the potential to inhibit the α-glucosidase enzyme and could be developed into antidiabetic drugs.
Hydrophilic Surfaces Turning of Graphene Nano Platelets by 1,3,6-Trihydroxyxanthone: π–π Stacking Interaction Affair in 2-D Yuanita, Emmy; Sirojuttolibin, Sirojuttolibin; Dharmayani, Ni Komang Tri; Ulfa, Maria; Septiyana, Maulida; Sudirman, Sudirman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.89894

Abstract

Graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) has a good potential to be developed as a drug carrier material. In this study, the interaction of GNP with one type of drug, namely 1,3,6-trihydroxyxanthone (THX), has been studied. The results of XRD analysis and FTIR uptake show an excellent interaction between THX and GNP through the π–π stacking channel. This interaction makes the GNP surface more polar and soluble in the aqueous media. THX-graphene shows physical and chemical stabilities, where THX can be released under specific and controlled conditions. The results of this study show the potential of utilizing graphene as a drug carrier material for more specific disease targets with a longer drug release time.
Fabrication of NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 Magnetic Composite for Effective Photodegradation of Congo Red Dye Hariani, Poedji Loekitowati; Salni, Salni; Kimur, Melviana Violetta; Hidayati, Nurlisa; Elfita, Elfita
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.94143

Abstract

This study aims to fabricate a NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 magnetic composite to serve as a photocatalyst for the degradation of Congo red dye. The catalyst characterization involved XRD, FTIR, UV-vis DRS, BET, VSM, SEM-EDS, and pHpzc analyses. The performance in degradation was determined by the effect of various variables, including solution pH, dye concentration, and irradiation time. Results revealed that the NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 composite exhibited a crystallite size of 24.56 nm and a bandgap of 2.1 eV. The surface area of NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 was measured at 154 m2/g, exceeding that of NiFe2O4/SiO2 and NiFe2O4, which were observed at 122 and 51 m2/g, respectively. NiFe2O4/SiO2/TiO2 exhibited magnetic properties with a magnetic saturation of 18.55 emu/g. Under optimal conditions (pH 5, initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L, and 90 min of visible irradiation), the degradation efficiency reached 96.86%. It was concluded that the photodegradation was effective, as its efficiency decreased from 96.86 to 92.45% after five reuse cycles. The presence of mineralization was evaluated using total organic carbon analysis, which revealed an 84.60% reduction in carbon content.
Environmentally Friendly and Facile Solid-State Synthesis of Nanostructured Cobalt Ferrites Nguyen, Khoa Dang; Tran, Khoa Dang; Pham, Van Thi Tuong; Le, Ha Vu
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99143

Abstract

In this study, a simple and solvent-free grinding method was employed to produce nanostructured cobalt ferrites (CoFe2O4). Their morphology and textural properties were notably found to be impacted by the calcination. Notably, the prepared material calcinated at 250 °C exhibited high mesoporosity with a surface area of 186 m2 g−1 and a pore size of approximately 3.2 nm, while the highly crystalline CoFe2O4 with sparse pore structure would tend to be more favorable as increasing calcination temperatures. At 550 °C, the CoFe2O4 material specifically formed a well-defined shape, albeit with non-uniform particle sizes ranging from 40 to 80 nm. These distinct nanostructures were completely lost upon calcination at 900 °C, resulting in a bulk CoFe2O4 with a very high crystallinity. Furthermore, the study also investigated the influence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on the structure and morphology of as-prepared CoFe2O4. It was observed that PVP could mitigate sintering, leading to the increase in the surface area of CoFe2O4 calcined at 550 °C due to the decrease in nanoparticle size.
Introducing Cu(II) onto SiO2-TiO2 with Rice Husk Ash as the Source of Silica and Its Catalytic Activity for Kumada Cross-coupling Reaction to Produce Biphenyl Compound Agustiningsih, Dewi; Nuryono, Nuryono; Santosa, Sri Juari; Kunarti, Eko Sri
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99296

Abstract

This research studied the preparation of SiO2-TiO2/Cu(II) by utilizing rice husk ash as the SiO2 precursor, and evaluated its efficiency as a heterogeneous catalyst in biphenyl synthesis through Kumada cross-coupling reaction, which is widely known as an important intermediate in pharmacology and agriculture manufacturing. In this study, the catalyst preparation was conducted by extracting SiO2 from rice husk ash, combining it with TiO2, and introducing Cu(II) onto its surface with CuCl2·2H2O as the precursor with various concentration of Cu(II). Comprehensive characterization using techniques such as IR, XRD, XRF, DLS, N2 isotherm adsorption-desorption, ICP-AES, STEM-EDS, TEM, UV-vis spectrometry, and TGA was conducted to examine the catalyst properties. Catalyst activity was evaluated in the Kumada cross-coupling reaction, using phenylmagnesium bromide and bromobenzene as reactants under stirring-heating condition, and the products were analyzed using GC-FID method. The characterization results indicated that the preparation of SiO2-TiO2/Cu(II) materials was successfully conducted and Cu(II) was formed as Cu(OH)2. The catalyst considerably promoted the Kumada cross-coupling reaction with a biphenyl yield of 78.85% at 50 °C for 6 h under stirring-heating method. Furthermore, catalyst reusability test demonstrated that the catalyst sustained performance over three cycles without losing its activity significantly. Interestingly, SiO2-TiO2 was observed to function primarily as support material and adsorbent, immobilizing Cu(II) and enhancing reactant reduction but not directly influencing biphenyl formation. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of SiO2-TiO2/Cu(II) catalyst preparation and its application in biphenyl synthesis, offering insights into catalyst design and performance optimization for future applications in organic synthesis.
Investigate the Performance of Prussian White K2Fe[Fe(CN)6] Cathode for Potassium-Ion Battery Luan, Van Hoang; Quynh, Do Ngoc Nhu; Le, Minh Vien; Dat, Ly; Dat, Nguyen Tan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99310

Abstract

In this report, potassium iron(II) hexacyanoferrate (KFHCF) was synthesized via a precipitation method under a nitrogen-controlled atmosphere, followed by a comprehensive evaluation of its electrochemical properties. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) are employed to investigate the structural and morphological properties of the materials. The electrochemical performance of the KFHCF materials was systematically evaluated through galvanostatic discharge cycling and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The results reveal that KFHCF material synthesized with a 2:1 molar ratio between EDTA and free Fe2+ ions, dried under vacuum at 100 °C for 10 h, exhibits significantly enhanced electrochemical properties compared to those with a 1:1 molar ratio. The performance was further assessed using different electrolytes, specifically K2SO4 and KCl. The KFHCF-based electrode demonstrates a peak current density of nearly 4 mA cm−2 for the redox processes of both Fe(II) coordination sites in K2SO4 or KCl aqueous electrolyte at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1. Additionally, it delivers discharge capacities of 113.97 mAh g−1 (K2SO4) and 93.45 mAh g−1 (KCl) at current densities of 500 mA g−1. These findings underscore the promising potential of KFHCF as an efficient electrode material for electrochemical applications.
Studying the Extraction Conditions on Rosmarinic Acid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Pham, Anh Giang Que; Pham, Tram Thi My
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99415

Abstract

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), a popular herbal plant, is known for its ornamental and therapeutic importance. It has been described as having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antihyperglycemic, and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of some factors on the rosmarinic acid concentration and antioxidant activity of basil extract, such as samples, solvents (water and 50% ethanol), solvent-to-sample ratios (from 1:20 to 1:70 g/mL), extraction temperature (70, 90, and 110 °C), and extraction time (30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Rosmarinic acid content was analyzed using the spectrophotometry method. The DPPH free radical scavenging experiment was also used to assess the extracts' antioxidant potential. The results showed that with the dried leaves, the ratio between the sample and 50% ethanol was 1:40 g/mL, extraction temperature of 90 °C, and extraction time of 60 min were the best conditions for obtaining rosmarinic acid from basil. The quantitative result also showed that basil extracts had a lot of polyphenols (dark green precipitate) and flavonoids (yellow precipitate). In addition, basil leaves had antioxidant properties with an IC50 value of 3103.18 μg/mL. These findings showed that basil extract may be an important source of antioxidant compounds, such as rosmarinic acid.
Unlocking the Potential of Papuan Red Fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lamk): A Comprehensive Exploration of Its Role in COVID-19 Inhibition Through Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Ananto, Agus Dwi; Pranowo, Harno Dwi; Haryadi, Winarto; Prasetyo, Niko
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99486

Abstract

Indonesia's rich flora has long been used in traditional herbal medicine, and scientific research is now confirming the health benefits of these plants. Among them, Papuan Red Fruit is gaining attention for its potential in treating various ailments, including COVID-19, due to its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This study focuses on using in silico methods to investigate how Papuan Red Fruit might inhibit COVID-19, specifically by targeting the papain-like protease (PLpro), a key protein in viral replication. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to assess the binding affinity and stability of compounds from the fruit. The compound quercetin 3'-glucoside showed the lowest binding energy, indicating strong interactions with PLpro. MD simulations at 300 K for 100 ns confirmed the stability of the quercetin 3'-glucoside-PLpro complex, revealing hydrogen bonds with residues like GLN169. The simulations showed an average delta RMSD of 0.2702 Å, indicating the complex's stability. Overall, this research highlights the potential of Papuan Red Fruit as a natural treatment for COVID-19, opening the door for further studies in drug development.
Adsorption Characteristics of Coconut Husk Biochar for Organics in Water Minh, Vo Cong; Huy, Nguyen Nhat; Thi, Thuy Nguyen; Nguyen, Lien Thi Le
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99722

Abstract

Biochar was produced from coconut husk by simple pyrolysis at 600 °C, aiming for low-cost production. The biochar was characterized and studied for adsorption of four types of antibiotics and organic contaminants, which were levofloxacin (LEV), doxycycline (DOX), tartrazine (Tar), and rhodamine B (RhB), in water. The EDX and FTIR analysis shows homogeneous active centers of the biochar. The high surface area, i.e., 664.66 m2/g, and total pore volume of 0.8159 cm3/g were determined by BET analysis, and the pore structure observed in SEM shows the appropriation of the material for adsorption of organic contaminants in the water. Adsorption conditions were studied and the results revealed that the adsorption mechanism varies among different adsorbate’s molecular structures. The result shows that cationic dye (RhB) is better absorbed by the coconut biochar than anionic dye (Tar) and the covalent antibiotic (DOX, LEV). The maximal adsorption capacities under optimal pH conditions were 172.41 mgRhB/g, 48.31 mgDOX/g, 42.37 mgLEV/g, and 21.37 mgTar/g. The best experimental fit for the adsorption data was Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic studies implied that the adsorption mechanism was physical adsorption (e.g., LEV, DOX, Tar), while RhB adsorption is more likely to be chemisorbed.
Influence of Hydrothermal Parameters on Photocatalytic Activity of BiVO4 for Degradation of Methylene Blue Truong, Vinh-Tien; Le, Pham-Ngoc-My; Le, Minh-Vien
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99923

Abstract

A facile hydrothermal method has been developed to improve the intrinsic photocatalytic activity of BiVO4. By assessing the effects of three key hydrothermal parameters (temperature, time, and pH levels) on catalytic performance, optimal conditions for maximizing photocatalytic activity were identified. Characterization through XRD, FE-SEM, and UV-DRS demonstrates the crucial role of the (040) facet and reduced non-uniform compressive strain in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of bismuth vanadate. The sample synthesized at 200 °C, pH 1, with 10 h of hydrothermal treatment shows significant decolorization of methylene blue with a comparable rate constant. This study presents a promising approach to synthesizing high-performance photocatalysts through a straightforward synthesis process without the use of directing agents.

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