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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 1,956 Documents

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Two Isophalerin Compounds from Ethyl Acetate of Leave and Fruit of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) and Its Antibacterial Activity Susilawati Susilawati; Sabirin Matsjeh; Harno Dwi Pranowo; Chairil Anwar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 15, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Mahkota dewa plant (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.) which is belong to family of Thymelaeaceae is one of Indonesia's traditional medicines. The aim of this research is to isolate secondary metabolites from ethyl acetate extract of leave and fruit of mahkota dewa and to determine the molecular structure of isolated compounds using spectroscopic method and to know the antibacterial activity of the isolated compound. Sample was extracted with methanol, concentrated then extracted by n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The compounds were separated and purified with column chromatography. The compound 1 was isolated from ethyl acetate extract of leave as white needle amorphous solid as 45 mg. The compound was identified by spectroscopic as 4,6-dihydroxy-4’-methoxybenzophenon-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and named isophalerin B. From the test results of antibacterial activity showed that the compound 1 (10 mg/mL) in ethanol has a weak activity against the bacteria S. aureus and E. coli. The compound 2 was isolated from ethyl acetate extract of fruit as peach needle crystal as 10 mg. The compound was identified by spectroscopic as 4,6-dihydroxy-4’-methoxybenzophenon-2-O-α-D-glucopyranoside and named isophalerin A.

Antibacterial Compounds from Red Seaweeds (Rhodophyta) Noer Kasanah; Triyanto Triyanto; Drajad Sarwo Seto; Windi Amelia; Alim Isnansetyo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 15, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Seaweeds produce great variety of metabolites benefit for human. Red seaweeds (Rhodophyta) are well known as producer of phycocolloids such agar, agarose, carragenan and great variety of secondary metabolites. This review discusses the red algal secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity. The chemical constituents of red algae are steroid, terpenoid, acetogenin and dominated by halogenated compounds mainly brominated compounds. Novel compounds with intriguing skeleton are also reported such as bromophycolides and neurymenolides. In summary, red seaweeds are potential sources for antibacterial agents and can serve as lead in synthesis of new natural medicines.

Quality and Chemical Composition of Organic and Non-Organic Vetiver Oil Asep Kadarohman; Ratnaningsih Eko S.; Gebi Dwiyanti; Lela Lailatul K.; Ede Kadarusman; Ahmad Nur F.
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Vetiver oil (Vetiveria zizanoides) has been used as perfume materials, cosmetics, fragrance soaps, anti-inflammation, repellent, and insecticidal agents. Organic vetiver oil has higher economical value than non-organic vetiver oil and it has been regarded to be able to compete in the global market. Therefore, studies have been carried out using 1 hectare of land and the first generation of organic vetiver oil has produced 0.57% of yield, greater than non-organic (0.50%). The quality of organic and non-organic vetiver oil was analyzed by Indonesian Standard (SNI) parameter, pesticide residue test, chemical composition by GC/MS, and the appearance of vetiver root. In general, the result of organic and non-organic vetiver oil has fulfilled the national standard; the quality of organic vetiver oil was better than non-organic one. Physically, the appearance of organic vetiver root was better than non-organic vetiver root; organic vetiver root was denser, more appealing, and did not have any black spots. The pesticide residue of organic vetiver oil was lower than non-organic vetiver oil. Based on SNI test, vetiverol (oxygen compounds) in organic vetiver oil was higher than non-organic vetiver oil.

Effect of Various Solvent on the Synthesis of NiO Nanopowders by Simple Sol-Gel Methods and Its Characterization Sherly Kasuma Warda Ningsih
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Synthesis of nickel oxide (NiO) with various solvents by simple sol-gel process has been done. NiO nanopowders were obtained by using nickel nitrate hexahydrate and sodium hydroxide 5 M were used as precursor and agent precipitator, respectively. The addition of various solvents that used in this research were aquadest, methanol and isopropanol. The powders were formed by drying in the temperature of 100-110 °C for 1 h and after heating at ±450 °C for 1 h. The products were obtained black powders. The products were characterized by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The ED-XRF pattern show that composition of NiO produced was 96.9%. The XRD patterns showed NiO forms were in monoclinic structure with aquadest solvent and cubic structure with methanol and isopropanol used. Crystal sizes of NiO particles produced with aquadest, methanol, isopropanol were obtained in the range 37.05; 72.16; 66.04 nm respectively. SEM micrograph clearly showed that powder had a spherical shape with uniform distribution size is 0.1-1.0 µm approximately.

Polyaniline-Invertase-Gold Nanoparticles Modified Gold Electrode for Sucrose Detection Fitriyana Fitriyana; Fredy Kurniawan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 15, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Sucrose sensor has been made by deposited the active materials on the surface of gold electrode. The active materials, i.e. polyaniline (PANI), invertase and gold nanoparticles, were deposited step by step. Aniline polymerization were conducted electrochemically at potential -500 to 1000 mV using voltammetry method with sweep rate 50 mV/s for 20 cycles in HCl solution pH 1.5. The modified electrode obtained was immersed in invertase 1 M phosphate buffer solution pH 6. The invertase trapping in polyaniline was performed using the same condition as aniline polymerization. Then, gold nanoparticles were deposited on the polyaniline-invertase modified gold electrode using Layer by Layer (LbL) technique. The polyaniline-invertase-gold nanoparticles modified gold electrode obtained was used to measure sucrose solution. Electrochemical signal of polyaniline (PANI)-invertase-gold nanoparticles modified gold electrode is increase with sucrose concentration. The sensitivity and detection limit of the electrode are 0.4657 µA mm-2 mM-1 and 9 µM, respectively. No electrochemical interference signals from fructose and glucose have been observed in the sucrose measurement.

Antiplasmodial Evaluation of One Compound from Calophyllum flavoranulum Jamilah Abbas; Syafruddin Syafruddin
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Calophyllum flavoranulum (Clusiaceae family) is a big tree and medical plants from the tropical rain forest of the Indonesian continent. The organic extracts from stem bark yielded phenyl coumarin. The structure was elucidated with the aid of spectroscopic technique. Antiplasmodial activities of isolated compound was tested in vivo against Plasmodium berghei parasite and showed the best antiplasmodial activity. New flavoranulum coumarin compound showed activity against P. berghei parasite with inhibition growth 0, 31.33, 40, 30.67, 46 and 34% at dosage 1.1x10-10, 1.1x10-9, 1.1x10-8, 1.1x10-7, 1.1x10-6, and 1.1x10-5 mg/mL, respectively. Flavoranulum coumarin very active as antiplasmodial, and at 3 and 4 day incubation all of parasite were died.

STUDY ON ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY OF DIARYLANILINE DERIVATIVES USING QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (QSAR) Ihsanul Arief; Ria Armunanto; Bambang Setiaji
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Study on anti-HIV activity of diarylaniline derivative compounds by using quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) has been done. The compounds structure and their anti-HIV activities were obtained from literature. Molecular and electronic parameters were calculated by Austin Model 1 (AM1), Parameterized Model 3 (PM3), Hartree-Fock (HF), and density functional theory (DFT) methods. QSAR analysis was performed using multilinear regression method. The result shows that HF method can produce the best model as follows:log EC50 = 46.418 + (99.360 × qC4) - (67.189 × qC9) - (278.869 × qC15) + (782.466 × qC19) - (127.463 × qO7)n = 20; r2 = 0.815; SEE = 0.393; Fcal/Ftab = 4.185; PRESS = 2.160Those model can predict a good inhibitory activity (log EC50) value of -0.3359 to compound N1-(4′-Cyanophenyl)-5-(4″-cyanovinyl-2″,6″-dimethyl-phenoxy)-4-hydroxyethylbenzene-1,2-diamine).

APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN FROM Peneaus monodon AS COAGULANT OF Pb(II) IN WASTE WATER FROM TOLANGOHULA SUGAR FACTORY KABUPATEN GORONTALO Astin Lukum; Fajriyanto Djafar
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The aim of this research is to remove Pb(II) from waste water of Tolangohula sugar factory, Gorontalo. In this study, coagulation technique was developed using chitosan as coagulant. Chitosan was obtained from Peneaus monodon shell. The effect of coagulant mass was studied by varying the mass of chitosan: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 g. In addition, effect of pH was also examined by varying the pH of solution: 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The results showed that the utilization of 10 g chitosan gave the optimal Pb(II) removal of 72.36% or 22.28 x 10-6 mg/g. Additionally, Pb(II) removal was optimum (83%) or 25.44 x 10-6 mg/g at pH 9. It could be concluded that chitosan coagulant had the ability to adsorb the Pb(II) in the waste water from Tolangohula sugar factory Kabupaten Gorontalo.

Hydrogel Based on Crosslinked Methylcellulose Prepared by Electron Beam Irradiation for Wound Dressing Application Ambyah Suliwarno
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The aim of this research is to explore the possibility of methylcellulose polymer to be used as wound dressing material prepared using electron beam technique. The methylcellulose paste solution with various of molecular weight (SM-4, SM-100, SM-400, SM-4000 and SM-8000) at different concentration (15-30% w/v) were irradiated by using electron beam on the dose range of 10 kGy up to 40 kGy. Gel fraction and swelling ratio of hydrogels were determined gravimetrically. Tensile strength and elasticity of hydrogels were measured using a universal testing machine. It was found that with the increasing of irradiation dose from 10 up to 40 kGy, gel fraction and tensile strength were increased for all of hydrogels with various of molecular weight. On contrary, the swelling ratio of hydrogels decreased with increasing of irradiation dose. The optimum hydrogels elasticity were obtained from methylcellulose solution with the concentration range of 15-20% with irradiation dose of 20 kGy and showed excellent performance. The hydrogels based on methylcellulose prepared by electron beam irradiation can be considered for wound dressing material.

ISOLATION AND PRESENCE OF ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITIES OF MARINE SPONGE Xestospongia sp. Murtihapsari Murtihapsari; Apriani Sulu Parubak; Bertha Mangallo; Wiwied Ekasari; Puji Budi Asih; Ayu Indah Lestari
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 13, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Plasmodium falciparum, the agent of malignant malaria, is one of mankind's most severe scourges, mainly in the tropic world. Efforts to develop preventive vaccines or remedial drugs are handicapped by the parasite's rapid evolution of drug resistance. Here, we presented an advance work on examination of antimalarial component from marine life of Xestospongia sp., the study is based on hexane extraction method. The premier result, we obtained five fractions. Among these five fractions, the fourth has the most potent inhibitory against the growth of P. falciparum 3D7 with an IC50: 7.13 µg/mL. A compiled spectrum analysis, FTIR, 1H-NMR and GC-MS, revealed that the fourth fraction consisted abundantly of two secondary metabolites such as flavonoids and triterpenoids. Finally, our results suggest a plausible structure rooted to the base of ibuprofen.

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