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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 342 Documents
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Profil Avifauna dalam Ekosistem Urban Kota Denpasar Sang Putu Kaler Surata
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.1.153

Abstract

The objective of this survey was to estimate species richness and abundance of avifauna in several main habitats in urban ecosystem at Denpasar City. For these purposes 18 urban areas consisting of three types of habitats, i.e. mangrove forest, rice field, and city parks (including garden and shrub) were selected. The point count method was applied to observe birds with three-time observation in the respective urban area. Thirty-six species of birds were recorded and seven bird species were met once with one individual only. Based on Jackknife index, probably 43 bird species have been living in urban ecosystem at Denpasar City. There were five species belonging to common birds yellow-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus goiaver), spotted dove (Streptophelia chinensis), bar-winged prinia (Prinia familiaris), scaly-breasted munia (Lonchura punctulata), and olive-backed sunbird (Nectaria jugularis) which tend to live in all types of urban areas. Variance analysis showed that both Simpson (F2:17=6.330;P=0.010) and Shannon-Wiener (F2:17=12.870;P=0.001)  diversity indeces of birds in mangrove forest were significantly different from those in rice field and city park. Profil of avifauna in mangrove forest is better than that in rice field and city parks.
Karakteristik Gambut Rawa Pening dan Potensinya sebagai Bahan Pembawa Mikroba Prihastuti Prihastuti
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 29, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2012.29.2.244

Abstract

The descriptive analytical study of the Rawa Pening peat soils characteristic has been done. This study was purposed to determine the potential of peat soils as a microbial carrier. The parameters observed were chemical properties (pH, levels of C, N, P, K and CEC) and biological properties (total of soil microbial population), and its amendments by air drying, ovens drying and sterilization process with autoclave (temperature of 121o C, pressure 1.5 atm for 15 minutes).  The results showed that Rawa Pening peat soil has the content of high organic C, medium-high N, low-medium P, high K and high CEC. Total of soil microbial population is quite high, and reduced by air drying and autoclave sterilization. The population of soil microbe has pressured with oven drying, but the process makes it a low pH which was caused by the cell lysis.  The Rawa Pening peat soils has physical properties that are not easily changed, is also not prone to changes in pH during the process by air drying and sterilization with autoclave. The Rawa Pening peat soils have a potential to be a microbial carrier, because it has high organic matter content, and easy at processing.
Prevalensi Mikrofilaria pada Nyamuk Culex dan Manusia di Desa Dukuhturi, Kecamatan Bumiayu, Kabupaten Brebes Khairina Dewi Handayani; Endang Srimurni Kusmintarsih; Edy Riwidiharso
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 34, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2017.34.1.369

Abstract

Filariasis atau penyakit kaki gajah merupakan salah satu penyakit tular vektor yang disebabkan oleh cacing filaria yang hidup dalam kelenjar limfa dan saluran limfa manusia. Filariasis limfatik yang disebabkan Wuchereria bancrofti mendominasi hampir 90% infeksi di dunia. Di daerah perkotaan, filariasis bancrofti ditularkan oleh nyamuk Culex. Berdasarkan database kesehatan per Provinsi, jumlah penderita filariasis di Jawa Tegah dari tahun 2011 sampai 2014 tidak mengalami penurunan. Berdasarkan Profil kesehatan Kab/Kota 2014, di Kabupaten Brebes terdapat 23 kasus filariasis. Salah satu kasus filariasis tersebut ditemukan di Desa Dukuhturi, Kecamatan Bumiayu, Kabupaten Brebes. Survei mengenai filariasis belum pernah dilakukan di desa tersebut, oleh karena itu dilakukan survei terhadap darah tepi penduduk Desa Dukuhturi dan nyamuk Culex sp. sebagai vektornya. Nyamuk Culex sp. dapat berpotensi sebagai vektor filariasis jika ditemukan mikrofilaria di dalam tubuh nyamuk dan nyamuk pernah menghisap darah manusia, yang dapat diketahui dengan adanya kondisi parous (pernah bertelur) pada ovarium nyamuk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui parity rate nyamuk Culex sp., prevalensi nyamuk Culex sp. yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria, prevalensi penduduk Desa Dukuhturi yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria, dan kepadatan mikrofilaria pada penduduk yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei dengan pengambilan sampel secara cluster random sampling. Pengambilan sampel darah tepi dilakukan berdasarkan ethical clearance dan informed concent. Data yang diperoleh ditabulasi kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan parousitas nyamuk, keberadaan mikrofilaria pada darah tepi manusia dan nyamuk di Desa Dukuhturi, serta kepadatan mikrofilaria pada sampel darah tepi yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat parousitas nyamuk Culex sp. tinggi yaitu 94,45% tetapi prevalensi nyamuk Culex sp. dan penduduk Desa Dukuhturi yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria adalah 0%, sehingga kepadatan mikrofilaria adalah 0.
Pengaruh Pemberian Sitokinin Terhadap Pertumbuhan Palea dan Lemma Padi Melaui Kultur In Vitro Kamsinah Kamsinah; Triani Hardiyati; Sugiyono Sugiyono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 26, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2009.26.2.117

Abstract

A research has been carried out with the aims to: 1. study the influence of both the kind and concentration of cytokinins on palea and lemma growth in in vitro culture; 2. study the influence of palea and lemma age towards external application of cytokinin in in vitro culture; and3. determine the best palea-lemma age, kind and concentration of cytokinin which resulted the best growth of palea and lemma in in vitro culture. The used experimental method was Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with factorial treatment pattern. The applied treatment consisted of three factors i.e. palea-lemma age (U): (55, 60, and 65 days after planting); kind of cytokinin (S): (BAP and Kinetin); and Cytokinin Concentration (K): (0, 5, 10, and 15 M) with 3 replications. The observed variables were the palea and lemma growth with the parameters were palea-lemma length and width. The results showed that the kind of cytokinin had influenced the growth of palea-lemma in in vitro culture, and kinetin has better influence on the palea-lemma growth. The age of the palea-lemma determined the responsiveness of the palea-lemma towards external application of cytokinin. Older palea-lemma showed less responsive than younger ones towards external application of plant growth regulators. Moreover, the treatment combination (U1S2K2) (10 µM Kinetin applied to 55-day-old rice palea-lemma) had the best effect on increasing the size of palea-lemma of IR 64 rice.
Biosorpsi Kadmium pada Leacheate TPA Gunung Tugel Menggunakan Biomassa Sargassum cinereum Slamet Santoso; Sri Lestari; Dwi Sunu Windyartini
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 27, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2010.27.3.202

Abstract

Leachate is liquid originated from organic waste. The substance consists of dissolved and suspended materials as a result of decomposition process by microorganisms. Leachate is waste consist of organic and high heavy metal. To manage leachate, heavy metal should be reduced by biosorption. Biosorption is heavy metal adsorbtion by inactive or death organism. The aims of the research were to examine the contact time, Sargassum cinereum biomass, combination of contact time and S. cinereum biomass to adsorb cadmium from the leachate. The experiments were based on Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Spilt Plot Design. The treatments included contact time of Sargassum cinereum with leachate as main plot and S. cinereum biomass as sub plot. Contact time of S. cinereum with leachate consisted of three levels i.e., 1, 2 and 3 hours while S. cinereum biomass consisted of four levels, i.e., 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg. Data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by High Significant Difference (HSD) test. The results showed that S. cinereum biomass can adsorp cadmium from leachate. The level of adsorption of heavy metal was different in each treatment depending on contact time and S. cinereum biomass. The contact time of 3 hours was the optimum length in adsorping cadmium (39.168%) and 400 mg S. cinereum biomass was optimum amount in adsorping cadmium (38.936%). Combination of contact time 3 hours and 400 mg S. cinereum biomass was optimum treatment in adsorping cadmium (42.289%) from the leachate. 
Pengaruh Alkalinitas terhadap kelangsungan Hidup dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Lalawak (Barbodes sp.) Yulfiperius Yulfiperius; Mozes R. Toelihere; Ridwan Affandi; Djadja Subardja Sjafei
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 23, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2006.23.1.144

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of alkalinity on the survival rate and daily growth rate of Barbodes sp. The fish were reared in 12 aquariums with four different levels of alkalinity, i.e. 48, 78, 108 and 138 ppm. Each aquarium was filled with 10 fish of 12.25 to 12.64 gram in average body weight. The treatments were applied for 75 days. During the experiment, the fish were given commercial diet (pellet) of 5% rate of biomass weight at the frequency of three times a day. The results showed that the survival rate for all treatments was 100%, and the alkalinity suited for daily growth rate of fish lalawak was 78 ppm of CaCO3.
Keanekaragaman dan Kekerabatan Syzygium aksesi Purwokerto Edy Purnomo Hadi; Yayu Widiawati; Sukarsa Sukarsa
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 29, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2012.29.1.234

Abstract

A study on the diversity and phenetics of Syzygium in Purwokerto has been conducted. The aim of this study was to find out the diversity and phenetic relationship of Syzygium cultivars. The method used in this study is explorative survey, by recording all available cultivars.  The data were analysed descriptively and the data were analysed with UPGMA. The result of this study showed that there were four spesies dan seven cultivars of Syzygium namely S. aqueum, S. samarangense including cultivar S. samarangense ‘Kaget Merah’, ‘Kaget Putih’, ‘Kaget Hijau’, ‘Madura Putih’, ‘Delima’, ‘Lilin Merah’, ‘Lilin Merah Jambu’, S. malaccense dan S. jambos. The results of phenetic analysis showed that there were four groups namely S. samarangense, A. aqueum, S. malaccense, and S. jambos.
Karakteristik Morfologi Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang Terpapar Obat Anti TB Isoniazid (INH) secara Morfologi Widodo Widodo; Agus Irianto; Hendro Pramono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 33, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2016.33.3.316

Abstract

INH mempunyai peranan dalam menghambat sintesis asam mikolat yang merupakan komponen pembentuk dinding sel M. tuberculosis. Mengetahui pengaruh pemaparan obat INH terhadap karakteristik M. tuberculosis secara morfologi sel. Metode penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan percobaan acak Lengkap dengan variasi waktu pemaparan 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam dan 96 jam pada konsentrasi INH 0,5 μg/ml dengan jumlah ulangan 6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh pada masing-masing perlakuan INH 0,5 μg/ml terhadap karakteristik M. tuberculosis, pada pemaparan 24 jam diperoleh persentase pertumbuhan 18,25%,  ukuran rerata sel 1,64 x 0,35 µm, persentase kerusakan sel 28,1%. Pada pemaparan 48 jam diperoleh persentase pertumbuhan sel  7,9%,  ukuran rerata sel 1,64 x 0,36 µm, persentase kerusakan sel 41%, pada pemaparan 72 jam diperoleh persentase pertumbuhan sel 7,0%,  ukuran rerata sel 1,64 x 0,32 µm, persentase kerusakan sel 53,4%, pada pemaparan 96 jam diperoleh persentase pertumbuhan sel 1,6%, ukuran rerata sel 1,61 x 0,29 µm,  persentase kerusakan sel 57%. Perubahan morfologi sel yang terpapar INH 0,5 μg/ml pada permukaan sel terjadi kerutan dan penyusutan panjang sel setelah regenerasi, permukaan sel mulai kasar dan sedikit ada kerusakan, sel mengalami lisis dan sebagian sel berbentuk oval , sel mengalami perubahan bentuk menjadi kokus. karakteristik M. tuberculosis yang terpapar INH 0,5 µg/ml mengalami perubahan morfologi sel, menjadi lebih pendek dan perubahan bentuk dari batang menjadi kokus, namun perubahan morfologi ini tidak terjadi secara permanen pada generasi berikutnya.Kata kunci       : M. tuberculosis, INH, Morfologi, 
Pengaruh Keberadaan Sistem Budidaya Ikan dalam Jaring Apung terhadap Tingkat Trofik Perairan Waduk Mrica Banjarnegara Agatha Sih Piranti; Christiani .
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 22, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2005.22.2.95

Abstract

Organic waste from aquaculture discharged into the aquatic ecosystem can cause negative impact of this water. The occurrence of one or more plankton blooming has a toxic to other aquatic organisms including fish cultured. The purpose of this research was to know the influence of floating nets fish farming to the trophic level of the Mrica Reservoir based on the diversity of plankton. This research used a survey method in three stations (1) inlet area  (2) inside/near the location of the floating net (3) outlet area. The sampling was conducted 4 times during a month (August) with interval of a week. The major parameters were the concentration of nutrients (N dan P) and the abundance of plankton. The supporting parameters were the BOD, DO and carbon dioxide concentration, pH, temperature and light penetration. The t analysis was used to compare whether there was any difference of nutrients load among the stations. The diversity index was calculated to evaluate the quality of the ecosystem based on The Water Quality Standard followed by calculation of Saprobic Coefficient to know the trophic level of the ecosystem. The results of this research showed that the occurrence of floating nets fish farming resulted in the increased of nutrients load, and consequently the trophic level of this ecosystem is in b-meso/oligosaphrobik (light pollution). Ceratium sp dominated the Mrica Reservoir.
Komunitas Herpetofauna dan Potensinya bagi Sektor Ekowisata pada Kawasan Ketenger-Baturraden di Selatan Kaki Gunung Slamet, Jawa Tengah Awal Riyanto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 27, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2010.27.2.193

Abstract

I expressed the distribution, broad habitat association, and ecotourism potential of herpetofauna based on four habitat types on Ketenger-Baturraden,MountSlamet,Central Java. The data was gathered by opportunistic searching. Sorensen index was used to determine similarity between communities; and cluster analysis was used to determine the habitat utilization. As the results, 35 species were recorded, comprising 16 frogs, 11 lizards and 8 snakes. The species richness was decreased from natural forest to habitat types that open and having homogenous vegetation. The herpetofauna communities between natural forest and limited production forest had the highest similarity (50%). The natural forest is important habitat and should be conserved. Based on habitat types, there were nine groups of herpetofauna. The ecotourism potential of herpetofaunal richness on Ketenger-Baturraden is not yet exploited.

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