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Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Nusa Bangsa
ISSN : 20863446     EISSN : 2621508X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Jurnal Sains Natural is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication with the objectives to explore the knowledge about natural sciences. This journal incorporates not only all branches of chemistry and biology, but also sub-disciplines like Biochemistry, Polymer, Agricultural chemistry, Environmental chemistry, etc.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 250 Documents
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EKSTRAKSI GELATIN DARI TULANG IKAN KAKAP PUTIH (Lates calcarifer) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI ASAM HCl Bhayu Gita Bhernama
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (409.88 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i2.282

Abstract

Extraction of Gelatin from Fish White Bone (Lates Calcarifer) with HCl Concentration Variance Gelatin is a food added ingredient used in emulsifiers, thickeners, food stabilizers. Gelatin is a type of protein in the form of gel obtained from the denaturation of skin, bone and fish tissue collagen denaturation. The process of making gelatin from the bones of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) uses the HCl acid method with the parameters of yield, water content, ash content, and protein content. The immersion process carried out with varoius of HCl acid concentration 3%, 7% and 11%.The results show that the best value of% yield at a concentration of 7% of 1.90%, 10.16% water content. Ash content 3%. Protein content is 3.25%. FTIR spectrum revealed the presence of amida group at wave number 3269 cm-1, amide I; II; and Amida III sequentially at wave number 1656 cm-1; 1525.69 cm-1; 1161.15 cm-1.Keywords : Gelatin ; collagen ; Lates calcarifer ; FTIRABSTRAK Gelatin merupakan bahan tambah pangan yang digunakan dalam pengemulsi, pengental, penstabil makanan. Gelatin merupakan salah satu jenis protein yang berbentuk gel yang didapatkan dari hasil denaturasi kolagen kulit, tulang dan jaringan ikan. Proses ekstrak gelatin dari bahan tulang ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer) menggunakan asam HCl dengan parameter rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan analisis FTIR. Proses perendaman dilakukan variasi asam HCl 3%, 7% dan 11%. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai % rendemen tertinggi pada konsentrasi 7% sebesar 1,90%, dengan nilai kadar air 10,16%, kadar abu 3,00%, kadar protein 3,25%. Dari spektrum FTIR didapatkan gugus Amida A pada bilangan gelombang 3269 cm-1, amida I ; II ; dan amida III secara berturut-turut pada bilangan gelombang 1656 cm-1 ; 1525,69 cm-1 ; 1161,15 cm-1.Kata kunci : Gelatin ; ikan kakap putih ; FTIR
Cultivation of Chlorella sp. in broiler chicken waste media and its metabolite profile by GC-MS analysis Rizky Izani; Lany Nurhayati; Devy Susanty
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1124.255 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v11i1.290

Abstract

Broiler Chicken Waste (LTAB) contained Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. LTAB can be used as an alternative medium for the cultivation of Chlorella sp. In this study, Chlorella sp. was cultured in LTAB at various concentrations (2,4,6,8, and 10%). Growth of Chlorella sp. was measured based on optical density values at a wavelength of 680 nm. Biomass was extracted using chloroform. The extract obtained was identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). LTAB 2% was the best medium for the growth of Chlorella sp. (amongst other concentrations). The highest growth rate was on the 10th day. Based on the results of KG-MS, chloroform extract of Chlorella sp. cultured on LTAB 2% contained oleic acid, methyl ester and gamma-sitosterol.Keywords: Chlorella sp, Medium, Waste, chromatographyABSTRAKKultivasi Chlorella sp. pada media limbah ayam broiler dan profil metabolitnya dengan analisis GC-MSLimbah Ternak Ayam Broiler (LTAB) mengandung Nitrogen, Fosfor dan Kalium. LTAB dapat dijadikan media alternatif untuk kultivasi Chlorella sp. Pada penelitian ini, Chlorella sp. dikultur pada LTAB pada berbagai konsentrasi  (2,4,6,8, dan 10%). Pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. diukur berdasarkan nilai optical density pada panjang gelombang 680 nm. Biomassa  diekstrak menggunakan  kloroform. Ekstrak yang diperoleh diidentifikasi meggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). LTAB 2% merupakan media terbaik untuk  pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. (diantara konsentrasi lainnya). Laju pertumbuhan tertinggi yaitu pada hari ke-10. Berdasarkan hasil KG-MS, ekstrak kloroform Chlorella sp. yang dikultur pada LTAB 2% mengandung senyawa asam oleat, metil ester dan gamma-sitosterol.Kata kunci: Chlorella sp., media, limbah, Kromatografi
VIABILITAS PROBIOTIK Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 SETELAH MIKROENKAPSULASI Benni James Stepen Silaban; Lany Nurhayati; Apriliana Wahyu Hartanti
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (783.999 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i1.266

Abstract

Viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 after Microencapsulation      This study was aim to select the viability the Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 during the spray drying method, to produce a fermented milk powder containing probiotic. Since spray drying process use the high temperature, suitable encapsulation material will increase the vaibility of probiotic and the quality of the final product. Three different encapsulation materials which were maltodextrin, whey protein isolate, and inulin with several formulations were used. The spray drying temperature used in this study was 130°C (inlet) and 60°C (outlet). The quality of the fermented milk powder containing L.acidophilus DLBSD102 bacteria strain was evaluated by measure the bacterial viability, bacterial cell resistance from hot temperatures, bile salts (0.5%) low pH (pH 2.0), and the presence of possible pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that the additional encapsulation material of inulin yielded a good quality fermented milk powder, compared with a mixture of encapsulation materials of maltodextrin: whey protein isolate (3:1), based on viability of probiotics after spray drying was increased, bacterial cell resistance to hot temperature, bile salt (0.5%) low pH (pH 2.0), and resistance to the presence of pathogenic bacteria. The addition of encapsulation material in the form of inulin yielded viability of BAL bacteria with log decrease of 0.20 ± 0,01 log CFU/g whereas without inulin addition decreased by 0.51± 0.36 log CFU/g when dried. Therefore, the mixture of encapsulation materials :maltodextrin:whey protein isolate:inulin (3:1:1) is used in the microencapsulation process of BAL by yielding 8.93% heat resistance, bile salt resistance of 78.55%, resistance to pH 2 of 77.25%, total titrated acids by 2.38%, moisture content during storage of 4.33% (4°C) and 3.96% (25°), pH value during fermentation process was 3.59±0,35 and no pathogenic bacteria was detected during production, packaging and storage for 4 weeks.Keywords: L. acidophilus DLBSD102, microenkapsulation, enkapsulation material, spray dryingABSTRAK      Penelitian ini tentang viabilitas Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 menggunakan bahan enkapsulan yang sesuai dengan metode pengeringan semprot. Tujuannya menghasilkan sediaan produk probiotik berupa serbuk susu fermentasi. Efektivitas mikroenkapsulasi dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemilihan jenis bahan enkapsulan yang tepat saat akan dikeringkan. Suhu pengeringan semprot yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 130°C (inlet) dan 60°C (outlet). Bahan enkapsulan yang digunakan adalah campuran dari maltodekstrin:whey protein isolate:inulin (3:1:1). Kualitas serbuk susu fermentasi dari strain bakteri L.acidophilus DLBSD102 yang diperoleh dievalusi termasuk viabilitas bakteri, ketahanan sel bakteri terhadap suhu panas, garam empedu (0,5%) pH rendah (pH 2,0) dengan metode cawan tuang, dan evaluasi kemungkinan adanya bakteri patogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan enkapsulan tambahan berupa inulin menghasilkan serbuk susu fermentasi dengan kualitas yang baik, dibandingkan dengan campuran bahan enkapsulan berupa maltodekstrin:whey protein isolate (3:1), yang didasarkan pada viabilitas probiotik setelah pengeringan semprot dan meningkatkan, ketahanan sel bakteri terhadap suhu panas, garam empedu (0,5%) pH rendah (pH 2,0), dan ketahanan terhadap adanya bakteri patogen. Penambahan bahan enkapsulan berupa inulin menghasilkan viabilitas bakteri BAL dengan log penurunan sebesar 0,20±0,01 log CFU/g sedangkan tanpa penambahan inulin mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,51±0,36 log CFU/g saat dikeringkan. Oleh sebab itu, campuran bahan enkapsulan maltodekstrin:whey protein isolate:inulin (3:1:1) digunakan dalam proses mikroenkapsulasi BAL dengan menghasilkan ketahanan terhadap panas sebesar 8,93%, ketahanan terhadap garam empedu sebesar 78,55%, ketahanan terhadap pH 2 sebesar 77,25%, total asam tertirasi sebesar 2,38%, kadar air selama penyimpanan sebesar 4,33% (4°C) dan 3,96% (25°), nilai pH selama proses fermentasi sebesar 3,59±0,35 dan serbuk susu fermentasi tidak mengandung bakteri patogen selama proses produksi, pengemasan hingga penyimpanan selama 4 minggu.Kata kunci: Probiotik L. acidophilus DLBSD102, mikroenkapsulasi, bahan enkapsulan
KOMPONEN KIMIA KAYU TRUBUSAN JATI UNGGUL NUSANTARA (Tectona grandis Linn.f.) PADA BAGIAN PANGKAL, TENGAH DAN UJUNG Fathia Maulida; Kustin Bintani Meiganati; Mamay Maslahat
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 2 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (323.532 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i2.277

Abstract

Chemical Component of Copies Superior Teak (Tectona grandis Linn.f)in Base, Center and Edge StemTeak (Tectona grandis, Linn. f) is one of the plants that is able to make a real contribution in providing wood raw materials in the timber industry. The limited availability of quality teak wood on the market so that the craftsmen use superior teak wood. The amount of the superior teak wood has not been known yet. Therefore, a study was carried out on the level of wood chemical components of five-year-old superior teak wood based on the height of the stem (base, middle and end), so that the suitability of wood usage can be known. Based on the results of the study the levels of chemical components in wood superior teak of age five years, the highest levels of extractive substances found at the end of the stem by 8.56%, the highest percentage of levels of holocellulose and cellulose found in the middle part of the stem with a content of 63.95% and 39.99%, the percentage of hemicellulose content 29.66% and the highest percentage of lignin content found in the base part with levels of 30.52%. This superior teak wood can be used as construction materials such as plywood, woodworking wood, lamina wood and artificial boards.Keyword: Tectona grandis, Thrubus, Extractive Subtances, Holocellulose, Cellulose, Lignin.ABSTRAKTanaman Jati (Tectona grandis, Linn. f) merupakan tanaman yang berkontribusi di bidang industri perkayuan. Terbatasnya ketersediaan kayu jati berkualitas di pasaran mengakibatkan industri perkayuan menggunakan kayu jati unggul. Kayu trubusan jati unggul tersebut belum diketahui bagaimana komponen kimianya. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian mengenai kadar komponen kimia kayu trubusan jati unggul yang berumur lima tahun berdasarkan ketinggian batang (pangkal, tengah dan ujung), sehingga dapat diketahui kesesuaian penggunaan kayu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kadar komponen kimia pada kayu trubusan jati unggul umur lima tahun, rata-rata kadar zat ekstraktif tertinggi terdapat pada bagian ujung batang sebesar 8,56%, persentase tertinggi kadar holoselulosa dan selulosa terdapat pada bagian tengah batang dengan kadar 63,95% dan 39,99%, persentase kadar hemiselulosa 29,66%, dan persentase tertinggi kadar lignin terdapat pada bagian pangkal dengan kadar 30,52%. Kayu trubusan jati unggul ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan konstruksi seperti kayu lapis, kayu pertukangan, kayu lamina dan papan buatan.Kata Kunci: Tectona grandis, Thrubus, Zat Ekstraktif, Holoselulosa, Selulosa, Lignin.
Chlorophyll content of the hope mutant clones of Bogor taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) Hilda Izzatul Adibah; Febi Nurilmala; Ade Ayu Oksari
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1009.933 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v11i1.293

Abstract

The development of the Bogor taro plant genetic variation with gamma-ray radiation has resulted in three mutant clones of the hope line with high carbohydrate and low calcium oxalate advantages. The carbohydrate content may correlate with chlorophyll content which plays a role in the photosynthesis process, so it is necessary to know the chlorophyll content in the mutant clones of the Bogor taro hope line and its relationship with its growth in two locations in Kemang District and Cijeruk District, Bogor Regency. The results showed that the mutant clones of the hope line B1023 planted in Kemang District had higher chlorophyll content than the parents. Meanwhile, the mutant clones of the hope line B1511 planted in the Cijeruk District had higher chlorophyll content than the parents. The chlorophyll content of the hope mutant clones planted in Kemang District was higher than the hope mutant clones planted in Cijeruk District. High chlorophyll content showed a negative relationship with tuber wet weight and carbohydrate content but did not affect the number of leaves and tillersKeywords: Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, fotosyntesis, mutant clone, Colocasia esculentaABSTRAKKandungan  klorofil dan pertumbuhan pada klon mutan galur harapan tanaman talas Bogor (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott)Pengembangan variasi genetik tanaman talas Bogor dengan radiasi sinar gamma telah menghasilkan tiga klon mutan galur harapan dengan keunggulan tinggi karbohidrat dan rendah kalsium oksalat.  Kandungan karbohidrat mungkin berhubungan erat dengan kandungan klorofil yang berperan dalam proses fotosintesis, sehingga  perlu untuk diketahui kandungan klorofil pada klon mutan galur harapan tanaman talas Bogor dan hubungannya dengan pertumbuhannya di dua lokasi Kecamatan Kemang dan Kecamatan Cijeruk Kabupaten Bogor.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klon mutan galur harapan B1023 yang ditanam di Kecamatan Kemang memiliki kandungan klorofil lebih tinggi dari tetua. Sedangkan pada klon mutan galur harapan B1511 yang ditanam di Kecamatan Cijeruk memiliki kandungan klorofil lebih tinggi dari tetua. Kandungan klorofil klon mutan galur harapan yang ditanam di Kecamatan Kemang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kandungan klorofil klon mutan harapan yang ditanam di Kecamatan Cijeruk. Kandungan klorofil tinggi menunjukkan hubungan negatif dengan bobot basah umbi dan kandungan karbohidrat, tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap jumlah daun dan anakan. Kata kunci :  Klorofil a, Klorofil b, Fotosintesis, Klon mutan, Colocasia esculenta
EFEKTIVITAS KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BIJI SIRSAK GUNUNG (Annona montana Macf.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS RAYAP TANAH (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren., Rhinotermitidae Agus Ismanto; Moerfiah Moerfiah; Achmad Supriadi; Muhamad Nizar Zulfikar
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (444.985 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i1.279

Abstract

One of the insects that cause a lot of damage are termites. Forms of damage that can be caused by termites include damage to building components that made of wood and the contents of the building in the form of furniture, books, cloth, and even securities. One example of a termite species that is dangerous as a pest is Coptotermes curvignathus. Mountain soursop seeds have bioactive compounds that are very cytotoxic, so they have potential as insecticides. This research Used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of controls and 5 treatments (P1) 20%, (P2) 40%, (P3) 60%, (P4) 80% (P5) 100% mountain soursop seed extract. The parameters observed were retention, termite mortality, and weight reduction in the test sample. Mountain soursop seed extract is effective as an insecticide against subterranean termites. The concentration of mountain soursop seed extract 40% (P2) causes termite mortality of 100% and a decrease in sample weight by 0.43%. Mountain soursop seed extract has the potential to be developed as an anti-termite species Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. The retention value produced in the test sample based on SNI 03-5010.1-1999 shows that the mountain soursop seed extract with a concentration of 20% (P1) meets the standard retention of interior wood use, while extracts with a concentration of 40% (P2) meet the standard of retention of exterior wood use.Keywords: Mountain soursop seeds, Retention, mortality, weight decrease, Subterranean TermiteABSTRAKRayap banyak menimbulkan kerugian seperti rusaknya komponen bangunan yang terbuat dari kayu, beserta isi bangunannya seperti furnitur, kertas, bahan kain dan lain-lain. Salah satu contoh spesies rayap yang berbahaya sebagai hama adalah Coptotermes curvignathus. Biji sirsak gunung memiliki senyawa bioaktif bersifat sitotoksik yang sangat kuat, sehingga memiliki potensi sebagai insektisida. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), terdiri dari 6 perlakuan yaitu (P1) 20%, (P2) 40%, (P3) 60%, (P4) 80% (P5) 100% dan kontrol. Parameter yang diamati meliputi retensi, mortalitas rayap, dan penurunan berat sampel. Ekstrak biji sirsak gunung efektif sebagai insektisida terhadap rayap tanah. Konsentrasi ekstrak biji sirsak gunung 40% (P2) menyebabkan mortalitas rayap sebesar 100% dan penurunan berat contoh uji sebesar 0,43%. Ekstrak biji sirsak gunung berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai anti rayap tanah jenis Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji sirsak gunung dengan konsentrasi 20% (P1) memenuhi standar retensi penggunaan kayu interior, sementara ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 40% (P2) memenuhi standar retensi penggunaan kayu eksterior.
Opportunity and benefits of functional food from the sea: A Rewiew Paulus Damar Bayu Murti; Bambang Dwiloka; Ocky Karna Radjasa; James Ngginak
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (927.221 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v11i2.297

Abstract

Functional food has been believed to prevent and reduce the possibility of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension and cancer. The sea offers resources that can be used as a source of functional food. Research on bioactive compounds from marine life has been carried out, which have biological activity. For example, omega-3 consist of two types of acids, namely docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), which is contained in fish. Carotenoids and xanthophylls are abundant in macroalgae. Likewise with phenolic compounds and polysaccharides derived from algae. The protein hydrolysate from fish waste which is used as an alternative product has biological activity. Chitin and chitosan were extracted from crustacean shells and marine mollusk. Referring to the diversity of compound bioactivity from marine resources, this review emphasizes more on the potential of functional food ingredients owned by marine resources and their opportunities and benefits..Keywords: Functional food, Marine, Bioactive compounds, Chronic diseases, Biological activityABSTRAKPeluang dan manfaat pangan fungsional dari laut: Telaah PustakPangan fungsional telah dipercayai dapat mencegah dan menurunkan kemungkinan penyakit kronis seperti obesitas, diabetes, jantung koroner, hipertensi dan kanker. Laut menawarkan sumberdaya yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber bahan pangan fungsional. Penelitian mengenai senyawa bioaktif dari biota laut sudah banyak dilakukan yang memiliki aktivitas biologis.  Sebagai contoh, Omega-3 terdiri atas dua jenis asam yaitu asam dokosaheksaenoat (DHA) dan asam eikosapentanoat (EPA) yang terkandung pada ikan. Karotenoid dan xantofil yang banyak terkandung pada makroalga. Begitu pun dengan senyawa fenolik dan polisakarida yang berasal dari alga. Hidrolisat protein dari limbah ikan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai produk alternatif memiliki aktivitas biologis. Kitin dan kitosan yang diekstrak dari limbah cangkang krustasea dan moluska laut. Mengacu pada keragaman bioaktivitas senyawa dari sumberdaya kelautan, review ini lebih menekankan pada potensi bahan pangan fungsional yang dimiliki oleh sumberdaya kelautan serta peluang dan manfaatnya.Kata kunci : Pangan fungsional, Laut, Senyawa bioaktif, Penyakit kronis, Aktivitas biiologi
Antioxidant activity from ethanol extract of red seaweed (Galaxaura rugosa) Bhayu Gita Bhernama; Witri Maulidy Ayu; Cut Nuzlia
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (955.518 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v11i2.309

Abstract

Antioxidants are compounds that can delay, reduce, slow down or inhibit oxidation reactions from free radical reactions. Antioxidants donate electrons to unstable free radicals so that these free radicals can be neutralized to not interfere with the body's metabolic processes. Red seaweed Galaxaura rugosa has potential as an antioxidant. The study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of red seaweed Galaxaura rugosa against DPPH free radicals based on the IC50 value. Phytochemical testing and determination of antioxidant activity were carried out using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), which was carried out quantitatively using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results of the phytochemical screening of red seaweed ethanol extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and polyphenols and the IC50 value of red seaweed ethanol extract was 4.59 ppm, while the positive control for Vitamin C was 6.64 ppm. It was concluded that the ethanolic extract of red seaweed Galaxaura rugosa in the South Aceh District had high antioxidant potential, as evidenced by the small IC50 value of <50 µg/mL.Keywords: Antioxidants, Galauxara rugosa, phytochemicals, DPPH  ABSTRAKAktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa Antioksidan merupakan senyawa yang mampu menunda, memperkecil, memperlambat atau menghambat reaksi oksidasi dari reaksi radikal bebas. Antioksidan menyumbangkan elektron kepada radikal bebas yang tidak stabil sehingga radikal bebas ini dapat dinetralkan agar tidak mengganggu jalannya proses metabolisme tubuh. Rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa terhadap radikal bebas DPPH berdasarkan nilai IC50. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian fitokimia dan penentuan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil dari skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan polifenol serta nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah sebesar 4,59 ppm sedangkan kontrol positif Vitamin C sebesar 6,64 ppm. Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah Galaxaura rugosa di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan memiliki potensi antioksidan yang tinggi. dibuktikan dengan nilai IC50 yang yang kecil yaitu < 50 µg/mL.Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Galauxara rugosa, Fitokimia, DPPH
Isolation of β-caroten from Brown Tiger Shrimp shell waste (Penaeus esculentus) and its antioxidant activity using ABTS (2,2-azinobis- [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid] method Hendri Faisal; Sri Handayani; Miranda Alvionita; Mayang Sari
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v11i2.299

Abstract

BrownTiger Shrimp (Penaeus esculentus) is a fishery export commodity that has high potential and categorize major commercial value.The waste in the form of shell produced from the shrimp industry has not been used properly and efficiently. In fact, most of it is waste that also pollutes the environment.Shrimp shell contained a lot of carotenoid pigments which are antioxidants, one of which is β-carotene.The aim of the study was to determine the amount of β-carotene and antioxidant activity in the chloroform extract of BrownTiger shrimp shell (Penaeus esculentus). The study used maceration method with chloroform to obtain β-carotene extract then the total content was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry.Testing the antioxidant activity of β-carotene and chloroform β-carotene extract of Brown Tiger shrimp shell (Penaeus esculentus) was carried out through free radical scavenging using the ABTS method (2,2-azinobis- [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid]).Chloroform β-carotene extract of Brown Tiger shrimp shell (Penaeus esculentus) contained β-carotene 618.2 µg / g of extract (0.06182% per gram of extract), and had weak antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 396.660 mg/L.β-carotene as a comparison compound has an IC50 value of 114.838 with moderate antioxidant activity category. The conclusion of this study was the chloroform β-carotene extract of Brown Tiger shrimp skin (Penaeus esculentus) contained β-carotene compounds and had weak antioxidant activity index.Keywords: β-carotene, shrimp shell, Penaeus esculentus, antioxidant, ABTSABSTRAKIsolasi β–karoten limbah kulit udang tiger coklat (Penaeus Esculentus) dan aktivitas antioksidannya dengan metode ABTS(2,2-Azinobis- [3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonicacid])Udang Tigercoklat (Penaeus esculentus) merupakan komoditas ekspor perikanan yang memiliki potensi tinggi dan dikategorikan sebagai udang yang memiliki nilai komersial utama. Limbah berupa kulit yang dihasilkan dari industri udang belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik dan efisien, bahkan sebagian besar merupakan limbah yang mencemari lingkungan. Kulit udang banyak mengandung pigmen karotenoid yang merupakan antioksidan, salah satunya adalah β-karoten. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadarβ-karoten dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kloroform kulit udang Tigercoklat dengan menggunakan β-karoten sebagai pembanding. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekstraksi maserasi dengan kloroform untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kloroformβ-karoten dan mengukur kadarnya menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan β-karoten dan ekstrak kloroformβ-karoten kulit udang Tigercoklat dilakukan melalui pemulungan radikal bebas menggunakan metode ABTS (2,2-azinobis-[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid]). Ekstrak kloroform β-karoten kulit udang Tigercoklat mengandung β-karoten sebanyak 618,2 µg / g ekstrak (0,06182% per gram ekstrak), dan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lemah dengan nilai IC50 396,660 mg/L. β-karoten sebagai senyawa pembanding memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 114,838 ppm dengan kategori sedang. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak kloroform β-karotenkulit udang Tigercoklat mengandung senyawa β-karoten dan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dalam kategori lemah.Kata kunci: β-karoten; kulit udang;, Penaeus esculentus; antioksidan; ABTS
Inventory of butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in several habitat types in University of Bangka Belitung Elfrida Natalia Manurung; Budi Afriyansyah; Hari Sutrisno
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1027.108 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v11i2.305

Abstract

Butterflies (Papilionoidea) are Lepidoptera which have various ecological roles in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem and can be found in various types of habitats ranging from forest to urban areas. This research was conducted from March to June 2020 in four types of habitat, namely, rubber gardens, secondary forest, agroecosystem hatchery, and swamp forest using the Pollard transect method and the sweeping net technique for five days in each habitat type. The relationships between environmental factors and the number of species and individuals were analyzed with the Pearson correlation test. The number of individual butterflies obtained was 913 butterflies of 27 species from five families (Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Hesperidae, and Riodinidae). The highest diversity was found in rubber gardens (19 species) followed by secondary forest (17 species), swamp forest (12 species) and agroecosystem hatchery (10 species). The highest species diversity index was found in swamp forests, while the lowest was in the agroecosystem hatchery habitat. The types of butterflies found in all habitats are Eurema sari, Mycalesis horsfieldi and M. mineus. The most abundant butterfly family is Nymphalidae. The Pearson correlation test analysis results showed a relationship between environmental factors and the number of species and individuals found.Keywords: Diversity, butterflies, Papilionoidea, habitat ABSTRAKInventarisasi jenis kupu-kupu (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) di beberapa tipe habitat di Universitas Bangka Belitung Kupu-kupu (Papilionoidea) merupakan Lepidoptera yang memiliki berbagai peran ekologis dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem serta dapat ditemukan di berbagai macam tipe habitat mulai dari kawasan hutan hingga perkotaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai Juni 2020 di empat tipe habitat yaitu, kebun karet, hutan sekunder, hatchery agroekosistem, dan hutan rawa dengan menggunakan metode transek Pollard dan teknik sweeping net selama lima hari di masing-masing tipe habitat. Hubungan faktor lingkungan dengan jumlah spesies dan jumlah individu dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson. Jumlah individu kupu-kupu yang diperoleh sebanyak 913 ekor yang terdiri dari 27 spesies yang berasal dari lima famili (Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Hesperidae, dan Riodinidae). Keanekargaman tertinggi didapatkan di habitat kebun karet (19 spesies) selanjutnya diikuti hutan sekunder (17 spesies), hutan rawa (12 spesies) dan hatchery agroekosistem (10 spesies). Indeks keanekaragaman jenis paling tinggi ditemukan di hutan rawa, sedangkan yang paling rendah pada habitat hatchery agroekosistem. Jenis kupu-kupu yang ditemukan di seluruh habitat  yaitu Eurema sari, Mycalesis horsfieldi dan M. mineus. Famili kupu-kupu yang paling melimpah Nymphalidae. Hasil analisis uji kolerasi pearson, menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan jumlah spesies dan individu yang ditemukan.Kata kunci: keanekaragaman, kupu-kupu, Papilionoidea, habitat

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