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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 66   67   68   69   70 
kologi Pemangsaan Ikan Oskar dan Potensi Dampak Introduksinya ( Trichoderma harzianum Potency as a Biofungicide on Tomato Plant ) Karyadi Baskoro; A Sjarmidi; A Rustama
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.41

Abstract

Penelitian mengenai ekologi pemangsaan ikan oskar (Astronotus ocellatus Agassiz) ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola waktu makan, pengaruh ukuran mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan, pengaruh kepadatan mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan, perilaku pemangsaan, dan mengkaji potensi dampak introduksi ikan oskar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Danau Rawa Pening, Ambarawa, dan di Laboratorium Biologi Universitas Diponegoro. Pola waktu makan diuji dengan mencatat jumlah mangsa yang dikonsumsi setiap 2 jam. Pengujian pengaruh ukuran mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan oskar dilakukan dengan memberi mangsa berbagai ukuran. Pengujian pengaruh kepadatan mangsa terhadap tingkat pemangsaan untuk uji satu mangsa, dilakukan dengan memberi mangsa secara bertahap sampai tercapai jumlah optimum. Untuk uji dua mangsa, jumlah mangsa diberikan dalam berbagai proporsi (16:4, 12:8, 10:10, 8:12, 4:16). Sifat pemangsaan ikan oskar diuji dengan mendedahkannya selama 1 hari di stasiun lapangan, kemudian dilakukan analisis saluran pencernaan. Sedangkan di laboratorium dicatat tingkat konsumsi tujuh jenis mangsa setiap 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan oskar bersifat diurnal. Ukuran mangsa (hambatan morfologi), mempengaruhi tingkat pemangsaan ditunjukkan dengan konsumsi mangsa yang berukuran lebih kecil dari ukuran mulut ikan oskar ( 1,4 cm). Tingkat pemangsaan dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh pertambahan tingkat kepadatan mangsa (y = -0,0233x2 + 1,4471x – 1,6357; r2 = 0,959; p0,05 dan y = -0,0348x2 + 1,9155x–4,7821; r2=0,855; p0,05) dan menunjukkan adanya respon fungsional (I dan II). Ikan oskar menunjukkan sifat pergeseran mangsa dari proporsi mangsa (16:4) ke (4:16), mengikuti kepadatan mangsa yang lebih tinggi. Ikan oskar mengkonsumsi semua jenis mangsa (tujuh jenis) sehingga dapat disebut sebagai karnivora generalis. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan dan studi literatur, dapat dinyatakan bahwa ikan oskar berpotensi untuk menjadi mantap dan invasif, dan menimbulkan gangguan terhadap komponen biotik lokal pada komunitas perairan. Kata Kunci : jenis introduksi, pemangsaan, oskar
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants in Karangwangi, District of Cianjur, West Java Desak Made Malini; Madihah Madihah; Joko Kusmoro; Fitri Kamilawati; Johan Iskandar
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.5756

Abstract

The knowledge and usage of plant as medicinal remedy by current generation are not as extensive as previous; therefore, many rural communities with restricted modern medical access still rely on traditional medicine. This paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants in Karangwangi Village of Cianjur District, West Java Indonesia. This study aimed to identify plants collected for medical purposes by the local people as well as to document the local names, uses, preparation, and location of these plants. Ethno botanical data was recorded by opting people participation and key informant approach involving semi-structured interviews, group discussions and filling of questionnaires. The results showed a total of 114 medicinal plants belonging to 50 families were identified. Zingiberaceae was the most-frequently cited (nine species), followed by Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Fabaceae (seven species each). The most-used plant parts were leaves (51.8%), followed by stems (22.9%) and the most common preparations were decoction, poultice and squeezed. Most of the plants were obtained from the house-yard and total of 30 medicinal uses were recorded. The ethnobotanical result documented in this study showed that this area is rich in medicinal plants and these plants are still commonly used for medicinal purposes among the people in their daily lives. Ethnobotanical heritage should be preserved, however, there is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge about these plants in new generation. Further, the findings can be used as baseline information for further scientific investigation for analyzing phytochemical, pharmaceutical and other biological activities for future drug discovery.
Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin A terhadap Penurunan Parasitemia Mencit Strain Swiss yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei Umi Isnaeni; Retno Sri Iswari; Nugrahaningsih WH; R. Susanti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.3930

Abstract

Vitamin A merupakan vitamin yang berperan sebagai imunostimulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pemberian vitamin A dapat menurunkan parasitemia Plasmodium berghei pada mencit strain Swiss. Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor mencit strain Swiss jantan berumur 6-8 minggu dengan berat badan 20-30 gram/ekor. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan time series design. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan perlakuan berupa pemberian vitamin A dengan 3 variasi dosis yaitu 0 IU/g BB, 35 IU/g BB dan 70 IU/g BB serta kelompok kontrol negatif dengan masing- masing kelompok terdiri dari 6 ekor mencit. Vitamin A diberikan 1 jam sebelum penginfeksian dan mencit dirawat sampai mencit pada kelompok kontrol negatif mati. Sediaan apus darah tipis dibuat 2 hari sekali dan parasitemia dihitung dengan pengecatan Giemsa. Data parasitemia dianalisis dengan ANOVA.Untuk hasil yang signifikan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Post hoc pada taraf kesalahan 1%. Hasil uji ANOVA untuk kelompok perlakuan B, C dan D diperoleh nilai p 0,001 pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan. Hal tersebut menyatakan bahwa adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada perlakuan yang diberikan. Begitu juga untuk uji lanjut Post hoc yang telah dilakukan diperoleh nilai p 0,001. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian vitamin A berpengaruh terhadap penurunan parasitemia Plasmodium berghei pada mencit strain Swiss.Vitamin A is a vitamin that acts as an immunostimulant. This research aims to determine whether the administration of vitamin A can reduce parasitaemia of Plasmodium berghei in Switzerland strain mice. This research used 24 mice Switzerland strain mice 6-8 weeks old weighing 20-30 grams/tail. Research conducted experimentally by using time series design. In this research, the provision of vitamin A treatment with 3 doses of variation is 0 IU/g BW, 35 IU/g BW and 70 IU/g BW as well as the negative control group, with each group consisting of 6 mice. Vitamin A was given 1 hour before infection then treated mice to mice in the negative control group died. Thin blood smears were made 2 days and parasitaemia was calculated by Giemsa staining. Parasitaemia data were analyzed with ANOVA. Significant results then followed by a further test Post hoc at 1% error level. ANOVA test results for the treatment group B, C and D obtained value of p 0.001 for each treatment group. It is claimed that there are significant differences in the treatment given. Likewise for further Post hoc testing that has been done obtained value of p 0.001. It can be concluded that the administration of vitamin A affects the reduction in parasitaemia of Plasmodium berghei in Switzerland strain mice.
Frontmatter (Cover and Table of Contents) biosaintifika biosaintifika
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.28867

Abstract

DNA Barcoding: A Study of Guppy Fish (Poecilia reticulata) in East Java, Indonesia Sucipto Hariyanto; Hasan Adro’i; Mahrus Ali; Bambang Irawan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i2.20222

Abstract

Poecilia reticulata is a freshwater fish from the northeastern part of South America and spread widely to various countries in Asia and other continents. However, research about P. reticulate is limited even though it is a well-known fish species in Indonesia. The purpose of study was to identify the fish species of P. reticulata through DNA barcoding using the COI gene to determine the phylogenetic relationships among fish populations in East Java, Indonesia. In a present study, there were eight samples of P. reticulata from four different freshwater locations in East Java. Extraction, amplification, and sequencing of DNA samples were conducted to obtain the genetic data and construct a phylogenetic tree based on DNA sequences. The COI gene is the most popular markers to study genetic populations and phylogeography among the animal kingdom. Our phylogenetic reconstruction showed a clear that there were two groups of P. reticulata. The first group was obtain through species from East Java, Sukabumi, West Java (KU692776.1), Dominican Republic, Pandeglang, Banten and Myanmar. The second group was P. reticulata from southern Africa, Brazil, and Sukabumi, West Java (KU692775.1). The result of this study indicate that the guppy fish in East Java identic with P. reticulata from West Java (KU692776.1), which a widely used in classification based on evolutionary relationships. The findings of this study have important implication for the development of advance research about adaptation, phylogeny, and evolution of fish, especially of guppy fish.
The Potential of Liquid Tofu Waste in Increasing Antioxidant Activity of Robusta Green Coffee Ayu Rahmawati Sulistyaningtyas; Wildiani Wilson
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.12268

Abstract

Robusta is the most widely cultivated coffee in Indonesia (90% of the total Indonesian coffee production). Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of Robusta coffee is higher than Arabica coffee or the other plants. One of the efforts, for coffee market expansion is product diversification through decaffeination of coffee . Decaffeination is one of process to reduce caffeine content. Decaffeinated coffee (decaff coffee) began to become public demand. In addition to its more delicious taste, low caffeine coffee is beneficial for health because it is safer to eat. Coffee decaffeination can utilize organic solvents that contain proteases. Tofu waste was one of protease sources. So that, tofu waste had potential as solvent in decaffeination The objective of the study was to assess the antioxidant activity of Robusta green coffee after going through decaffeination by using tofu waste. The study was used Factorial Completely Randomized Design, i.e . concentration of tofu waste (30%,60%, 90%) and length of immersion (3, 6, 9 hours). Robusta green coffee antioxidant activity was examined by using DPPH method. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity ( 17.6061) was in the treatment of 90% waste concentration and 9 hours of decaffeination time. In conclusion, the greater the concentration and the longer the decaffeination resulted in the higher antioxidant activity. This study provides information about coffee processing methods that can produce coffee with the best quality. So, It can increasing the value of domestic coffee products especially in the global market and utilizing tofu liquid waste to be more malleable.
TINGKAT KEGANASAN KANKER SERVIKS PASIEN PRA-RADIASI MELALUI PEMERIKSAAN AgNORs, MIB-1 DAN Cas- 3 Iin Kurnia; Siti Harnina Bintari; Mafaza Khaisuntaha
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2269

Abstract

Kanker serviks sering ditemukan di negara berkembang. Pengobatan kanker melalui radioterapi untuk mengetahui tingkat proliferasi dan mengurangi tingkat keganasan. Biomarker proliferasi dan apoptosis berupa AgNORs, MIB-1, dan Caspase 3. Namun belum dijelaskan mengenai korelasi ketiga biomarker dalam kaitannya dengan proliferasi dan apoptosis pada sel kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui korelasi antara AgNORs, MIB-1, dan apoptosis pada kanker serviks. Penelitian observasional laboratoris menggunakan metode pewarnaan dengan menekankan kontras warna antara sitoplasma dan inti sel. Objek berupa sediaan mikroskopis dari 30 biopsi pasien kanker serviks. Pengambilan data dengan metode crocker dan blind manner. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi, dari ju mlah 21 pasien yang diamati menunjukkan. AgNORs dan MIB-1 memiliki angka relatif tinggi. Angka yang diperoleh ini berbanding terbalik dengan apoptosis yang relatif rendah. Korelasi antara AgNORs dengan MIB-1 menunjukkan r= 0,33 dan p= 0,15. AgNORs dengan apoptosis memiliki korelasi negatif yakni, r=-0,08 dan p= 0,73. MIB-1 dengan apoptosis memiliki korelasi negatif pula r= -0,18 dan p= 0,43. Kesimpulannya korelasi AgNORs dengan apoptosis memiliki kecenderungan lebih baik dari pada MIB-1 dengan apoptosis.Cervical cancer is often found in the developing countries. The treatment of cancer through radiotherapy was performed to determine the proliferation level and to reduce the malignancy level of cancer. The proliferation and apoptotic biomarkers were AgNORs, MIB-1, and Cas- 3. However, the correlation between the three biomarkers in relation to the proliferation and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells was not clear. The purpose of the study was to determine the correlation between AgNORs, MIB-1 and apoptosis in cervical cancer. This study was an observational research laboratory using a staining method to emphasize the color contrast between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the cells. The microscopic preparations of the 30 patients with cervical cancer biopsies had been used as the study objects. Data was collected using the Crocker and Blind method and was then analyzed using correlation test. Data from 21 patients with AgNORs and MIB-1 showed a relatively high value. The figure obtained was inverse proportionally to the relatively low apoptotic value. The correlation between AgNORs and MIB-1 showed r = 0.33 and p = 0.15. There was negative correlation between AgNORs and apoptosis at r = -0.08 and p = 0.73. Meanwhile, between MIB-1 and apoptosis has also a negative correlation at r = -0.18 and p = 0.43. It was concluded that the correlation between AgNORs and apoptosis tended to be better than the MIB-1 and apoptosis.
The Expression of mRNA LMP1 Epstein-Barr Virus from FFPE Tumour Biopsy: a Potential Biomarker of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis Daniel Joko Wahyono; Nur Signa Aini Gumilas; Hidayat Sulistyo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.9028

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a multifactorial disease that is endemic geographically in the world. Indonesian population has a highly incidence rate that is 6.2/100,000 people year. The pathogenesis of NPC is more directly reflected by carcinoma-specific viral transcriptional activity at the site of primary tumour. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in NPC is reflected by the expression of EBV latent and lytic gene. In fact, mRNA Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1) EBV expression was an important latent infection biomarker. The aim of this study was to determine a potential use of relative expression of mRNA LMP1 EBV from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumour biopsy in NPC as a tumour biomarker. This reseach design was a cross sectional study. The samples were the archived specimens of FFPE tumour biopsy from NPC WHO-3 patient which were collected from untreated patients from 2014 in the Department of Pathology Anatomy, Prof. dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto. The expression of mRNA LMP1 EBV expression was determined by RT-PCR technique. The positivity of mRNA LMP1 EBV expression was 51.9%, indicating a moderate positivity. The result proved that the expression of mRNA LMP1 EBV from FFPE NPC WHO-3 tumour biopsy was a potential biomarker of NPC diagnosis. The molecular methods would improved the management of NPC, particularly in the histopathological diagnosis of NPC.
Mass Cultivation of Entomopathogenic Nematode in Artificial Media Dyah Rini Indriyanti; Nur Lailatul Muharromah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 1 (2016): March 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i1.5579

Abstract

Entomopathogenic nematodes Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) of the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema are commercially used to control pest insect. EPN is widely cultivated through in-vivo and in vitro methods. This research aims to discover the abundance of EPN cultivated in various artificial media. Seven types of media composition were tested in this research: media A (yeast + soybean powder), media B (yeast + chicken liver), media C (yeast + dog food), media D (yolk + soybean powder), media E (yolk + chicken liver), media F (yolk + dog food), and media G (yeast + yolk + dog food). Each media was inoculated in 1.2x103JI/mL. The growth of EPN was observed weekly in 4 weeks. Results showed that EPN could be cultivated using various media; media D, E, F, and G. Highest abundance of EPN is found in the second week of media D for 28164 JI/ml.Cell harvesting is suggested to be conducted during the first and second week to obtain maximum abundance of EPN.How to CiteIndriyanti, D., Muharromah, N. (2016). Mass Cultivation of Entomopathogenic Nematode In Artificial Media. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(1), 111-118.
Adaptations of Three Cash Crops to Climate Change Eming Sudiana; Edy Yani; Lucky Prayoga; Darsono Darsono; Edy Riwidiharso; Slamet Santoso
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.23489

Abstract

Climate change is likely to lead to adaptations among important crop species. Elevational gradients can be used to illustrate the effects of climate change on crop adaptation patterns. The research aimed to determine adaptation patterns in crop species across an elevational (and therefore temperature and humidity) gradient. A factorial design was applied with two factors within a simple Randomized Complete Block Design, wherein the primary factor was elevation (10 – 1,000 m). Three crop species (long bean, common bean, and winged bean) were used as test species. Growth rate and flower number were used as adaptation parameters. The results indicated that these three cash crop species showed different adaptation patterns. Common bean showed the greatest vegetative growth at approximately 600 m in elevation, long bean at 400 m in elevation, and winged bean at 10 m in elevation. The results of this study indicate that the three tested agricultural crops have different adaptation patterns, and these results was the first finding to be published in Indonesia. For agriculture practices, it can be recommended that planting of these cash crops be adapted to the elevation of the planting area. 

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