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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 65   66   67   68   69 
Grouping of Mangifera indica L. Cultivars of Subang West Java by Leaves Morphology and Anatomy Characteristics Tri Cahyanto; Ahmad Sopian; Muhammad Efendi; Ida Kinasih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.8780

Abstract

The wide distribution and high species diversity produce large variation in morphology, anatomy and genetics of local mangoes. Until now, most mango classification system is based on the generative character while the vegetative character is neglected. Inventory of mango cultivars in Subang rarely studied, therefore the purpose of this study is to development foundation of identification methods basedthe anatomy and morphology of leavesof mango cultivars of  Subang. The data could futher develop as baseline information about mango cultivar diversity in Indonesia. During study, 21 mango cultivars found in Subang, West Java. Leave samples were collected from the field and soaked in 70% alcohol. Leaf anatomy preparats made by whole-mount method and paraffin. The shape and type, location, size, density and index of stomata were observed. The results showed high similarity of all sampels.There are three variations of vascular tissues on petioles, letter U shape (planoconvex),U lobed (highlyconvex) and round (circular) with the type of drus crystal form, small cubes, and prismatic. All cultivars have actinositic stomata and hypostomatatic leaves. It could be concluded that density, size and stomata index are less powerful to be apply as characters to identified cultivars of mangoes   however the presence of oxalate crystals can be use to the grouping mango cultivars in Subang. 
β-Glucans Production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Using Tofu Waste as Animal Feed Supplement Endah Rita Sulistya Dewi; Ary Susatyo Nugroho; Atip Nurwahyunani; Maria Ulfah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i1.26754

Abstract

Tofu industrial waste has the potential to become contaminant when it is not maximum processed, so it needs appropriate treatment to minimize the occurrence of pollution. β-Glucans can be produced from the yeast cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.As a feed supplement, β-Glucans have been used for an immunostimulant because it can increase the immune system. This study aimed to establish a suitable technology to produce β-Glucans fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae by utilize tofu waste as feed supplement. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model was used in the experimental method. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model.The treatment given wereP1: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 5.5 gSaccharomyces cerevisiae; P2: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg of bran +0.2 kg fish meal + 0.2 lt molasses + 6.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae; P3: 1kg of tofu waste + 1kg bran + 0.2 kg fish meal +0.2 lt molasses + 7.5 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and fermented for five days.The results found that P1 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5.5 g was the best formulation to produced crude β-Glucans by weight of 25.9 g/kg of waste. Production of β-Glucans as an animal feed supplement is a waste-based feed technology development which is expected to increase livestock production both in quality and quantity.
Effects of Kersen Juice and Lakum Leaf Extract on Lipid Profile of White Rats With Hyperlipidemia Didin Sopandi; Tyas Rini Saraswati; Enny Yusuf Wachidah Yuniwarti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20813

Abstract

Kersen fruit and Lakum leaf contain substances that are potential as an antihyperlipidemic. The aim of this research was to analyze the effects of Kersen juice (Mutingia calabura L.) with dosage 0.2 ml/200 g BW and  lakum leaf extract (Cayratia trifolia L.) with dosage of 40 mg/200 g BW on lipid profile of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) with hyperlipidemia. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). This study used twenty adult male Wistar rats which were divided into five groups : P0 as a control group, P1 as a High Feed Diet (HFD) control group, P2 as a HFD group treated with Kersen juice with dosage of 0.2 ml/200 g BW, P3 as a HFD group treated with Lakum leaf extract with dosage of 40 mg/200 g BW and P4 as a HFD group treated with simvastatin. The treatments were given orally for 28 days. The parameters of this study were the level of cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride, as well as body weight, and food consumption. One-way ANOVA test was performed to determine the significant differences p0.05 between groups followed by Duncan test with a 95% significant level. The results showed that compared to Kersen juice with dosage of 0.2 ml/200 g BW, administration of Lakum leaf extract with dosage of 40 mg/200 g BW was more effective in lowering cholesterol level, triglyceride and increasing HDL level, however, they were not effective in lowering LDL in rats with hyperlipidemia. This result shows that kersen and lakum leaf could be an alternative to prevent and avoid further effects of high cholesterol in people with hyperlipidemia.
Ethnomycology of Bracket Fungi in Baduy Tribe Indonesia Rida Oktorida Khastini; Indria Wahyuni; Irma Saraswati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14082

Abstract

Inhabitants of the Kendeng mountain region depend on the biodiversity of the forest resources for their livelihood. Mushrooms are important resource that provide benefits to mankind. The aim on this research was to document traditional knowledge in bracket fungi utilization to treat health problems in Baduy tribe community. The results described in this paper were obtained through the exploration and identification of bracket fungi as well as the interview to determine their cultural significance for Baduy people. Quantitative approaches were used to determine the Use Values (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Fidelity level (FL) values. A total of 6 species that were identified as bracket fungi were included to Basidiomycota. The Baduy community considers the main use of bracket fungi as a medicine for several ailments. The highest UV, ICF and FL value were obtained by Ganoderma lucidum. This study provides the information regarding bracket fungi species with the high use values that could be employed in pharmacological research and further biotechnological approaches in order to achieve an adequate revenue.
Analisis Keanekaragaman Sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) pada Tiga Tipe Habitat di Pulau Padang Kepulauan Meranti Yeni Rahayu; Fitmawati -; Herman -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i1.2569

Abstract

Pulau Padang memiliki areal penanaman sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.). Menurut pengetahuan masyarakat lokal terdapat tiga tipe habitat kebun sagu di Pulau Padang, yaitu Gambut, Kilang Manis, dan habitat bertanah liat. Produktifitas sagu berkorelasi dengan ketiga tipe habitat tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap keanekaragaman sagu pada tiga tipe habitat di Pulau Padang dan menentukan tipe habitat yang mendukung produktifitas sagu yang tinggi, sebagai informasi dasar bagi upaya konservasi habitat sagu. Sebanyak 19 individu sagu telah dikoleksi dari tiga tipe habitat dan diamati karakter morfologi dan agronominya. Hasil karakterisasi ditemukan tiga tipe variasi sagu yaitu sagu duri, sagu sengke, dan sagu bemban. Analisis kluster menunjukan bahwa tanaman sagu mengelompok pada tiga kelompok utama berdasarkan asal habitat dan keberadaan durinya pada tingkat kesamaan 31-88%. Berdasarkan analisis komponen utama membagi tanaman sagu menjadi 5 kelompok, cenderung mengelompok juga berdasarkan asal habitat dan keberadaan duri dengan nilai akumulasi keragaman dua komponen utama 58%. Tipe habitat kilang manis direkomendasikan sebagai habitat sagu yang perlu dikonservasi di pulau Padang.Padang Island has a large sago plantation areas. Indigeneous people recognize three habitat types of sago in Padang island, i.e. peat, kilang manis and clay soil. The productivity of sago is closely correlated to the habitat types. The aims of this research were to reveal the diversity of Sago palms in three habitat types in Padang Island and to determine the habitat types which support high productivity of sago as the information base for conservation of sago habitats. The nineteen sago individuals were collected from three habitats and their morphological and agronomic characters were observed. The result of sago characterization obtained three variations of sago in Padang Island, namely Duri, Sengke and Bemban. The cluster analysis showed that sago dendrograms, which was grouped into three main groups based on similarities of origin and the presence of spines with 31-88% similarity coefficient. The principal component analysis classified the diversity of sago into five groups with 58% accumulated value of diversity. Furthermore, Kilang manis, which in recent study is known as a part of Peat habitat, needs to be conserved for sago plantation area.
Size and Density of Artemisia annua Stomata Soaked in Water Extract of Gloriosa superba Seeds Sri Indah Rahmawati; Ahmad Yunus; Ari Susilowati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11234

Abstract

Artemisia annua is a herbaceous plant that produces artemisinin as a malaria drug, haemorrhoids therapy, aromatherapy, antiviral, anticancer and antibacterial. Gloriosa superba is a plant that contains high colchicine compounds, especially on the seeds. Gloriosa superba extracts of tubers, stems, seeds, and leaves were used as biomutagen for many plants. Colchicine contains of these plants as antimitotic have been studied and proven by the mitotic index plants. Water extracts of Gloriosa superba seeds was used as a mutagen for Artemisia annua. The aim of this study was to determine the size and density of Artemisia annua stomata soaked in water extract of Gloriosa superba seeds as a mutagen. Extraction of Gloriosa superba seeds obtained naturally on Krakal Beach, Gunung Kidul by using a maceration method with water solvent (1:1). Artemisia annua sprouts were obtained from B2P2TOOT Tawangmangu. Variables treatment on sprouts using water extract concentration of Gloriosa superba seeds and soaking time of Artemisia annua sprouts. Measurements of stomatal length, width and density were conducted in epidermis of Artemisia annua leaf. Observation and measurements of the stomata were conducted by using a light microscope. The results showed that the length and width of stomata were 0.025 mm and 0.017 mm respectively. The stomatal density of the control leaf (174.69 amount/mm2) was lower than the other treated plants. Stomatal size and density has increased with the increasing concentration extracts on treated plants. Water extracts of Gloriosa superba seeds proved the effects on stomatal size and density of treated plants.  
Harmful Algal in Banyuasin Coastal Waters, South Sumatera Riris Aryawati; Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen; Tri Prartono; Hilda Zulkifli
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.6356

Abstract

Phytoplankton have important as food-chain major component and primary production of marine environment. However, high abundance of phytoplankton could give harmful effects toward water ecosystem. Moreover, they could produce toxic substances that will be accumulated within their consumer. This accumulation could be dangerous for human or animals.This research were aimed to determine and calculatespecies of harmful algae in Banyuasin coastal waters. The study was conducted on April, June, August, October and December of 2013, and in February 2014, at ten stations. Phytoplankton samples were taken vertically using plankton nets. In the form of cone-shaped with a diameter of 30 cm, length 100 cm and mesh size 30 μm.The result showed that there are 35 genera of phytoplankton. That have been found and consisted of four groups; Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae. 13 species were identified as Harmful Algal (Chaetoceros, Coscinodiscus, Nitzschia, Skeletonema, Thalassiosira, Alexandrium, Ceratium, Dinophysis, Noctiluca, Protoperidinium, Prorocentrum, Anabaena dan Oscillatoria), with seven of them were known for having toxin (Nitzschia, Alexandrium, Dinophysis, Protoperidinium Prorocentrum, Anabaena and Oscillatoria). Monitoring result showed that the highest number of species of potential harmful algal blooms (HABs) occured in June and the highest abundance occured in August, especially Chaetoceros and Skeletonema.How to CiteAryawati, R., Bengen, D. G., Prartono, T., Zulkifli, H. (2016). Harmful Algal in Banyuasin Coastal Waters, South Sumatera. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(2), 231-239.
Selection of Soybean (Glycine max) Germplasm Against Biotrophic Fungi Disease Based on Anatomical Resistance Siti Samiyarsih; Ade Yuanita Putri Pratiwi; Juni Safitri Muljowati; Nur Fitrianto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.25109

Abstract

The obstacle to increasing the soybean production is an infection of rust disease caused by the biotrophic fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi. The research objectives were to determine the anatomical resistance and the level of resistance of soybean cultivars against rust disease. The embedding method for observed leaf structural anatomy. The disease severity based on the method of International Working Group on the Soybean Rust (IWGSR) rating system.  The experiment was arranged as a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Factorial Pattern and five times repetition. The first factor was soybean cultivars, namely Gepak Kuning, Slamet, Tanggamus, and Wilis. The second factor was P. pachyrhizi inoculation with 0 uredospores/mL (uninoculated) and 104 uredospores/mL (inoculated). The results showed that the soybean cultivars that have thicker cuticle and epidermis, high trichomes and low stomatal density, and low of stomatal conductance have better anatomical resistance to leaf rust disease. Wilis and Slamet cultivars are resistant cultivars, indicated by disease intensity of 20% and 24.6%, respectively. While the Tanggamus is moderately resistant cultivar and Gepak Kuning is a susceptible cultivar, indicated by disease intensity of 56.5% and 85.3%, respectively. The novelty of selection soybean germplasm against biotrophic fungal disease are important and effectiveness in order to increase the crop productivity. These three soybean cultivars potentially serve as genetic sources to develop high yielding soybean cultivars and resistant to rust disease.
Biodiversity and Potential Use of Macro Algae in Pesisir Barat Lampung Triana Asih; Muhammad Khayuridlo; Rasuane Noor; Muhfahroyin Muhfahroyin
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.16532

Abstract

Pesisir Barat Regency in Lampung has abundant marine biological wealth that has not been widely known and utilized by the community, one of them is macro algae. The objectives of the research were to identify the types of macro algae and to explains the potential use of macro algae in the Pesisir Barat Lampung Region. The study used cruise method. The findings were identified by experts to validate the results of classification, morphology, and qualitative studies regarding the potential use and benefits of macro algae. From the results of this study, 15 species of macro algae were found on Tanjung Setia Beach included; 3 species of green algae (Chlorophyta) consist of  Halimeda opuntia L., Caulerpa racemosa F., Ulva lactuca L .; 7 species of brown algae (Phaeophyta) consist of  Padina pavonica L., Padina australis H., Sargassum vulgare C.A., Sargassum polycystum C.A., Turbinaria ornata J.A., Turbinaria ornata J.A., Fucus vesiculosus L.; and 5 species of red algae (Rhodophyta), consist of  Corallina officinalis L., Gigartina pistilla S., Gigartina disticha S., Gracilaria verrucosa, H., Rhodymenia pseudopalmat J.V.L.The benefits of this research for society to provide insight into the potential use of macro algae which can be utilized in many fields. For students, provide information on the biodiversity of macro algae in the sea.
Species Richness and Habitat Suitability of Myrmecophytes in Bengkulu : Host Tree, Coexist Epiphytes and Animals Safniyeti Safniyeti; Sulistijorini Sulistijorini; Tatik Chikmawati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.13025

Abstract

Myrmecophytes or locally known as simbagh utak are common medicinal plants used by locals in Bengkulu, especially in South Bengkulu, for treating various diseases. Despite their potential as medicines, there is no report on biotic factors can be used to indicate of Myrmecophytes species’ richness and habitat suitability. The objectives of this research were to analyze the Myrmecophytes’ species richness and habitat suitability. This study used the purposive sampling method by exploring the area where Myrmecophytes were commonly found. The biotic factors of Myrmecophytes were analyzed by identifying the tree host, the other epiphyte plant grew around them, and animal occupants on the tuber of the Myrmecophytes. The Myrmecophytes distribution was analyzed by using ArcGIS10.1. The results showed that there were two species of Myrmecophytes, namely Hydnophytum formicarum and Myrmecodia tuberosa in the study area. The Myrmecophytes attached and hung in 9 species of host trees. The characteristics of host trees are high trees with large diameter, mostly rough-barked; some were cracked and mossy. The highest frequency of host trees included Hevea brasiliensis and Durio zibethinus. Myrmecophytes coexisted with 12 species of epiphytes. Epiphyte plants like Dendrobium sp. and Drymoglossum piloselloides can be used to indicate the presence of Myrmecophytes. Ants made up the most predominantly animal found living inside the tubers of Myrmecophytes, with some cockroaches and termites found at the tuber of Hydnophytum. Information on species' richness and habitat suitability of Myrmecophytes can serve as supporting data for conservation efforts in Bengkulu to prevent the extinction of this species.

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