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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 75   76   77   78   79 
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Wati (Piper methysticum), a Medicinal Plant from Merauke Lowland, Papua, Indonesia Suharno Suharno; Supeni Sufaati; Verena Agustini; Rosye H. R. Tanjung
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14303

Abstract

Indonesia is rich of natural resources, including the diversity of agricultural crops and other valuable plants. Many plant species used by local people for traditional herbal medicine and some other species used by drug industries. Among these, Wati (Piper methysticum, Piperaceae) is one of the medicinal plant found in Merauke lowland, Papua. It has been cultivated by local people because of it high value as medicinal and cultural uses. Wati plant is used to treat anti-stress, rheumatism, respiratory tract infections, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, headache etc. The habitat, including the microorganism in the soil plays an important role in the growth of this plant. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with the rhizosphere of Wati from Merauke lowland. Soil and root samples were collected from different locations and the colonization percentage on the root sample were determined. Our results showed that the number of the spores in the soil samples was 45-89 spores/50 g soil, while the colonization percentage on the root was 38.46-83.3%. Among 13 AMF morphospecies that found on the soil samples, 10 were identified to genus level such as Glomus, Clariodeoglomus, Acaulospora and Scutellospora, while the other were unidentified. Further work will be needed such as trap-plant culture method to get more information on the diversity of AMF associated with Wati.
Efektivitas Seng (Zn) sebagai Imunostimulan dalam Produksi Reactive Oxygen Intermediate pada Mencit Balb/C yang Diinfeksi Salmonella typhimurium Ari Yuniastuti; Nugrahaningsih W H; Zunikhah Zunikhah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 2, No 1 (2010): March 2010
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v2i1.1151

Abstract

This study aims to prove the effectiveness of zinc as a micronutrient to increaseimmunostimulatory Reactive Oxygen Intermediate (ROI) production in balb/c miceinfected by Salmonella typhimurium. Research was designed using randomized thePost Test Only Control Group Design. The sample of 24 male mice balb/c are groupedinto four groups, i.e. one control group and three treatment groups (treatment dose of 78ppm/day; 169 ppm/day and 260 ppm/day) intraperitoneally for 14 days with each groupconsisting of six rats. The independent variable is the provision of zinc with various doses,dependent variable is the ROI production of macrophages, which are checked by usingNitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) Reduction Assay, and control variables are body weight,gender and age. All mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium 105 intraperitoneally onday 8th. At the end of treatment mice were killed and was examined for levels of ROI.Inspection results were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test. Result showed that doses ofzinc of 78 ppm/day have immunostimulatory effective as the highest ROI productionof mice Balb/c infected with Salmonella typhimurium.Keywords: immunostimulant, Reactive Oxygen Intermediate, zinc (Zn)
The Potential of Flora and Fauna as Tourist Attractions in Biodiversity Park of Pelawan Forest, Central Bangka Henri Henri; Luchman Hakim; Jati Batoro
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.9225

Abstract

Indonesia has a high potential for the diversity of flora and fauna species together with their ecosystem. Preservation of natural resources can be done through conservation using the concept of ecotourism. The purpose of this research is to identify the potential of the flora and fauna in Biodiversity Park of Pelawan Forest for tourist attraction. The study was conducted from October 2016 to January 2017 through inventory and in-depth interview. The analysis on the results of this study indicate that there are 41 species of 27 families of plants and 135 species of animals consisting of amphibians (6 species), reptiles (16 species), birds (99 species) and mammals (14 species). This indicates that Biodiversity Park of Pelawan Forest is very competitive for tourism attractions, which is supported by the presence of key species (Tristaniopsis merguensis), flagship species (Cephalopachus bancanus), and abundance of birds for bird watching. Based on the IUCN red list, several species of flora, such as Gonystylus bancanus, and fauna, such as Setornis criniger, Chloropsis sonnerati, Macaca nemestrina, Nycticebus menagensis, and Cephalopachus bancanus, are vulnerable to extinction. This study on flora and fauna results in the initial data that can be used to support conservation efforts. Moreover, the result of this study can provide an opportunity for visitors to enjoy these tourist attractions, which can benefit the local community.  
The Effect of Annona Muricata Leaves Towards Blood Levels of Cxcl9 and Lymphoblast (Study in Cerebral Malaria Phase of Swiss Mice) Mohamed M.Y. Gadalla; Edi Dharmana; Kiss Jamiatun; Budi Laksono
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 2 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i2.4078

Abstract

Cerebral malaria (CM) forms part of the spectrum of severe malaria, with a case fatality rate ranging from 15% in adults in southeast Asia to 8.5% in children in Africa. A.Muricata was used to cure Malaria in traditional medicine. The research will examine the effect of it in the chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 (CXCR3) binding chemokines, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 (CXCL4), CXCL9. The intervented mice group were infected then the it’s spleen were cultured , incubation 72 hours and then analyzed the result. The CXCL9 level of PbA-infected mice treated with A. muricata are lower than group of infected mice without treatment. Lymphoblast level of PbA-infected mice treated with A. Muricata are higher than group of infected mice without treatment. A. Muricata treatment cure in the CM in the mice and may be a potential treatment in human CM.Cerebral malaria (CM) adalah keadaan infeksi malaria yang berat dengan tingkat kefatalan dari 15% di Asia tenggara dan 8% di Afrika. A. Muricata secara tradisional dipakai mengobati CM. Riset ini meneliti pengaruh A. Muricata pada ikatan chemokine (C-X-C motif) reseptor 3 (CXCR3)termasuk chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4 (CXCL4) dan CXCL9. Kelompok mice intervensi diinfeksi dan limfanya di culture dalam inkubator 72 jam untuk dianalisis. Kadar PbA CXCL9 pada mencit intervensi yang diberi A. Muricata lebih rendah dari pada kontrol. Kadar PbA limfoblast intervensi lebihtinggi dari pada kontrol. A. Muricata memperbaiki CM pada mencit dan berpotensi sebagai pengobat pada CM manusia.
The Potential of Wild Mango Leaves from Sumatera as the Immunostimulant Agent Fitmawati Fitmawati; Erwina Juliantari; Agus Saputra; Patar Sinaga; Rodesia Mustika Roza; Mayta Novaliza Isda
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.16549

Abstract

Wild Mango from Sumatera is potentially new immunostimulant. It contains mangiferin, which is potentially become the immunostimulant candidate. This study aimed to prove the immunostimulatory effect of wild mango leaves extract on white rat peritoneum fluid induced by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The immunostimulatory effect was determined based on the activity and capacity of macrophage phagocytosis. This study used 54 male white rats about 130 g - 290 g. Based on the results,the highest phagocytosis activity of macrophage cells was found in ethanol extract of Mangga Hutan leaves dose 2 with a percentage of phagocytosis activity was 84%. The highest phagocytosis capacity of the macrophage cells was also found in ethanol extract of Mangga Hutan leaves dose 2 with an average phagocytic capacity of 171.67 from 50 active macrophages. Results of this study indicated that wild mango leaves from Sumatera has the potential immunostimulant activity. This indicates that the wild mango have the potential for therapeutic efficacy for the prevention of degenerative diseases caused by immune deficiencies.
Respon Kecambah Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Asal Bengkalis, Riau Terhadap Cekaman Garam Dewi Indriyani Roslim; Rahmi Anandia; Herman -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 1 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i1.3539

Abstract

Varietas padi yang tahan terhadap cekaman garam sangat diperlukan untuk mengatasi masalah cekaman garam di wilayah pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respon pertumbuhan akar dan tajuk serta pertambahan biomassa akar dan tajuk dari enam varietas padi pada fase kecambah. Varietas padi lokal yang digunakan berasal dari Kecamatan Bantan, Kabupaten Bengkalis, yaitu Amat Candu, Sadani, Solok, dan Yamin. Dua varietas pembanding yang digunakan adalah IR64 yang tidak tahan dan Indragiri yang tahan terhadap cekaman garam. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi NaCl, yaitu 0 mM, 15 mM, 30 mM, dan 45 mM. Faktor kedua adalah varietas padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di antara empat varietas lokal yang diuji, varietas Amat Candu memberikan respon pertumbuhan dan biomassa akar paling baik sehingga dapat digolongkan ke dalam varietas padi yang moderat terhadap cekaman garam; sedangkan tiga varietas padi lainnya, yakni Solok, Sadani, dan Yamin tergolong tidak tahan cekaman garam. Pertumbuhan akar kecambah padi pada perlakuan cekaman garam 30 mM merupakan karakter yang dapat membedakan ketahanan terhadap cekaman garam. Oleh karena itu pertumbuhan akar kecambah pada cekaman garam 30mM disarankan untuk digunakan dalam penapisan varietas padi untuk ketahanan terhadap cekaman garam.Salt tolerant rice varieties is needed to overcome the problem of salt stress on coastal areas. This study aimed to analyze the roots and canopy growth of six rice varieties at germination stage. Four local rice varieties used derived from District of Bantan, Bengkalis, i.e. Amat Candu, Sadani, Solok, and Yamin. Two control varieties, IR64 and Indragiri, were used as salt sensitive and salt tolerance, respectively. The study was conducted using a randomized block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was concentration of NaCl, i.e. 0 mM, 15 mM, 30 mM, and 45 mM. The second factor was the rice variety. The results showed that among four local varieties tested, Amat Candu varieties had best root growth and biomass; therefore it can be classified into a moderate tolerance to salt stress; while three others, i.e. Solok, Sadani, and Yamin classified as salt sensitive varieties. Seedling root growth at 30 mM salt stress treatment could differentiate the salt resistance salt. Hence, the growth of seedling root on salt stress 30 mM is recommended for use in rice varieties screening for resistance to salt stress.
Effect of Manure and Inorganic Fertilizers on Vegetative, Generative Characteristics, Nutrient, and Secondary Metabolite Contents of Mungbean Sutrisno Sutrisno; Eriyanto Yusnawan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.12716

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in the upland of Muneng Probolinggo during early dry season (April – June 2015) to study the effect of manure and inorganic fertilizers on vegetative, generative growth, nutrient, and secondary metabolite contents of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). The treatments consisted of (1) no fertilizer, (2) 10.4, 18, 60 kg of N, P, K ha-1, (3) 22.5: 22.5: 22.5 kg of NPK ha-1, (4) 5000 kg ha-1 manure, and (5) 11.25:11.25:11.25 kg of NPK ha-1 + 2500 kg ha-1 manure. These treatments were arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. Application of manure, inorganic fertilizer, and its combination significantly stimulated several vegetative characters especially number of nodes, number of clusters, fresh weight of biomass, and number of nodules. At the generative characters, application of manure and inorganic fertilizers also significantly increased pod dry weight and grain dry weight. Among all treatments, NPK inorganic fertilizer (T2) gave the highest vegetative and generative growth which was shown on biomass fresh weight, pod dry weight and grain dry weight per plant. NPK fertilizer and manure applications increased total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity. This combination treatment therefore, could be suggested in mungbean cultivation to increase seed quality.
Constructivist Learning Environment During Virtual and Real Laboratory Activities Ari Widodo; Resik Ajeng Maria; Any Fitriani
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.7959

Abstract

Laboratory activities and constructivism are two notions that have been playing significant roles in science education. Despite common beliefs about the importance of laboratory activities, reviews reported inconsistent results about the effectiveness of laboratory activities. Since laboratory activities can be expensive and take more time, there is an effort to introduce virtual laboratory activities. This study aims at exploring the learning environment created by a virtual laboratory and a real laboratory. A quasi experimental study was conducted at two grade ten classes at a state high school in Bandung, Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire called Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES) before and after the laboratory activities. The results show that both types of laboratories can create constructivist learning environments. Each type of laboratory activity, however, may be stronger in improving certain aspects compared to the other. While a virtual laboratory is stronger in improving critical voice and personal relevance, real laboratory activities promote aspects of personal relevance, uncertainty and student negotiation. This study suggests that instead of setting one type of laboratory against the other, lessons and follow up studies should focus on how to combine both types of laboratories to support better learning.
Lignolytic Enzyme Activity of Isolated Bacteria from Termite (Coptotermes Sp.) and Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal, 1775) Guts Emi Latifah; Putri Dwi Mulyani; Yekti Asih Purwestri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i1.19333

Abstract

Bacteria BSR 2, Pseudomonas alcaligenes (BSR 3), Brevibacillus parabrevis (BSR 8), Brevibacillus sp. (BSR 9), isolated from termite gut and Bacillus licheniformis (BSA B1) isolated from milkfish gut have been known to possess celluloytic activity. However, their lignolytic ability has not been known. This study aimed to determine the lignolytic ability of bacteria isolated from termit (Coptotermes sp.) and milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal, 1775) guts and their enzymes characterization. The qualitative test was done through the spot test method, while quantitative assay was performed spectrophotometrically at 335 nm to calculate vanillin concentration. The isolates were grown in Lignin Mineral Medium, then the optical density (OD620) were measured every 24 hours for 5 days using spectrophotometer to determine their growth profile and the best isolation time of the lignolytic enzyme. Based on results, the best lignolytic enzyme isolation time for strains Bacillus licheniformis (BSA B1) and BSR 2 were 5 days, yielding lignolytic enzyme activity of 0.961 ± 0.168 U/mg and 2.176 ± 0.088 U/mg respectively,  while strains Pseudomonas alcaligenes (BSR 3), Brevibacillus parabrevis (BSR 8), and Brevibacillus sp. (BSR 9) were 4 days, yielding of 1.206 ± 0.045 U/mg, 1.162 ± 0.191 U/mg, and 0.896 ± 0.108 U/mg, respectively. The strain BSR 2 showed the highest lignolytic activity compared to other strains. The optimum temperature for lignolytic enzyme activity of BSR 2 was 30 ℃ and the optimum pH was 7. The lignolytic enzyme activity showed that these bacterial isolates can be a chance to be used as new alternative lignolytic enzyme source in commercial bioconversion process.
Isolation and Identification of α-glycosidase Inhibitor Producer Endophytic Bacteria from Salak Pondoh Fruit (Salacca edulis) Ari Susilowati; Citra Praba Yunita Dewi; Siti Lusi Arum Sari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.21031

Abstract

Alpha-glycosidase inhibitors can delay the hydrolysis of oligosaccharide and disaccharide into glucose, which can prevent or treat hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. The rind and flesh of Salak Pondoh fruit are known to produce α-glycosidase inhibitor compound. Endophytic bacteria that live in plant tissues potentially produce compounds such as in host plants. Exploration of endophytic bacteria from the rind and flesh of Salak Pondoh is one of the efforts to obtain isolates of bacteria producing α-glycosidase inhibitors. The objective of this study is to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria producing inhibitor α-glycosidase from rind and flesh of Salak Pondoh, and to know the activity of its α-glycosidase inhibitor. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was done by inoculating surface-sterilized plant samples on Nutrient Agar (NA) medium. The inhibitory activity towards α- glycosidase analysis was performed using the spectrophotometric method (λ = 415 nm), with p-nitro phenyl α-D-glucopyranoside as the substrate. Identification of the bacteria was performed based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence.  The sequencing was done at 1st Base Singapore and the obtained sequences were identified using the BLAST Nucleotide device on the NCBI website. In total, 6 bacterial isolates were obtained. The inhibitory activity ranged from 6.14-62.95% and the highest was generated by Kt-E isolates. The bacteria obtained were isolated Dt- A and Dt-B that represent genus Xanthomonas, Kt-E from genus Paenibacillus, Kt-I from genus Bacillus, Dm-A1 and Dm-A2 from family Enterobacteriaceae. The results confirm the potential of the endophyte bacteria of Salak Pondoh to be an alternative source of hyperglycemia medication.

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